全文获取类型
收费全文 | 27719篇 |
免费 | 2037篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 254篇 |
2022年 | 205篇 |
2021年 | 495篇 |
2020年 | 443篇 |
2019年 | 477篇 |
2018年 | 989篇 |
2017年 | 856篇 |
2016年 | 1050篇 |
2015年 | 1282篇 |
2014年 | 1316篇 |
2013年 | 1867篇 |
2012年 | 2307篇 |
2011年 | 2263篇 |
2010年 | 1355篇 |
2009年 | 956篇 |
2008年 | 1724篇 |
2007年 | 1567篇 |
2006年 | 1457篇 |
2005年 | 1190篇 |
2004年 | 1170篇 |
2003年 | 1102篇 |
2002年 | 1001篇 |
2001年 | 609篇 |
2000年 | 691篇 |
1999年 | 421篇 |
1998年 | 237篇 |
1997年 | 187篇 |
1996年 | 177篇 |
1995年 | 143篇 |
1994年 | 128篇 |
1993年 | 137篇 |
1992年 | 173篇 |
1991年 | 154篇 |
1990年 | 121篇 |
1989年 | 92篇 |
1988年 | 104篇 |
1987年 | 87篇 |
1986年 | 61篇 |
1985年 | 118篇 |
1984年 | 91篇 |
1983年 | 52篇 |
1982年 | 65篇 |
1981年 | 49篇 |
1980年 | 47篇 |
1979年 | 53篇 |
1978年 | 48篇 |
1977年 | 45篇 |
1976年 | 38篇 |
1974年 | 39篇 |
1973年 | 34篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
51.
Bombesin induces c-fos and c-myc expression in quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells. Comparative study with other mitogens 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
R Bravo H Macdonald-Bravo R Müller D Húbsch J M Almendral 《Experimental cell research》1987,170(1):103-115
We have studied the effect of the potent mitogen bombesin on the expression of c-fos and c-myc genes in quiescent mouse fibroblasts. We have demonstrated that bombesin rapidly induces a transient expression of c-fos mRNA followed by a more protracted elevation in c-myc mRNA levels. The intensity of the induction of expression of both proto-oncogenes depended on the dose of bombesin used. Prolonged treatment of the cells with TPA, which causes a selective decrease in protein kinase C activity, partially inhibited the induction of c-fos and c-myc gene expression by bombesin, similar to what has been observed with PDGF. However, a dramatic inhibition of the mitogenic response to bombesin--but not to PDGF--was found in TPA-treated cells. In contrast, TPA-treated cells showed an increased response to EGF with regard to proto-oncogene expression. The role of protein kinase C and Ca2+-dependent pathways in proto-oncogene induction by bombesin is discussed. 相似文献
52.
Thirty-nine samples of freshly drawn ewes' milk collected at 13 farms, and 120 samples of raw ewes' milk collected on arrival at a dairy were examined. Farm samples had geometric mean counts of 4.4 X 10(2) Enterobacteriaceae/ml, 3.9 X 10(2) coliforms/ml and 2.0 X 10(2) faecal coliforms/ml, whereas the respective mean counts were 6.2 X 10(3)/ml, 5.4 X 10(3)/ml and 1.3 X 10(3)/ml for dairy samples. Salmonellas were not detected by enrichment procedures in any of the 159 samples examined. Escherichia coli (47.5% strains), Enterobacter cloacae (17.7%), Ent. agglomerans (11.3%), Hafnia alvei (6.5%) and Klebsiella oxytoca (6.0%) were the predominant species in 434 Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from farm samples. Levels and species of Enterobacteriaceae found in the present work in raw ewes' milk imply a considerable risk of early blowing in cheese-making from unpasteurized milk. 相似文献
53.
Alvaro García-Tejedor A. Raul Castaño Federico Morán Francisco Montero 《Journal of molecular evolution》1987,26(4):294-300
Summary The most relevant properties of hypercycles were previously studied mainly from a theoretical point of view. We have developed a Monte Carlo method simulating hypercyclic organization to obtain information about the dynamics of this prebiotic organization. Nucleation, growth, and selective properties have been tested and the results obtained are in good agreement with those of the theoretical predictions. The influence of hypercyclic organization of the error threshold has also been studied. As a consequence of the emergence of a hypercycle, the value of this threshold decreases. The amount of this decrease depends on the population size. Moreover, for some interval of quality factor values, either the hypercycle organization or an error catastrophe can be produced, depending on the initial conditions. The influence of these phenomena on both the dynamic behavior and evolutionary advantages of the hypercycle, as well as their decisive roles on genome size, are discussed.Presented at the FEBS Symposium on Genome Organization and Evolution, held in Crete, Greece, September 1–5, 1986 相似文献
54.
Coordinated eye-head movements evoked by the presentation of visual, auditory and combined audio-visual targets were studied in 24 human subjects. At 60 deg located targets latencies of eye and head movements were shorter for auditory than for visual stimuli. Latencies were shorter for bisensory than for monosensory targets. The eye and head latencies were differently influenced by the modality of the stimulus when the eccentricity of the target was changed, but not by the variation of the stimulus duration. The different responses of the eye and the head depending on target modality and target eccentricity can be partially attributed to perceptual and central processing mechanisms, and are important to answer the question about the initial event in coordinated eye-head orientation. 相似文献
55.
I Baeza P Gariglio L M Rangel P Chavez L Cervantes C Arguello C Wong C Monta?ez 《Biochemistry》1987,26(20):6387-6392
56.
Saponin-permeabilised epithelial cells isolated by hyalurodinase incubation from chicken small intestine were used to study 45Ca uptake into intracellular stores. At low (6.7 X 10(-7) M) free Ca2+ concentration most of the Ca2+ appears to be taken up into non-mitochondrial stores, whilst the mitochondria seem to play a major role at high (2 X 10(-5) M) Ca2+ concentration. Addition of inositol trisphosphate (IP3) causes a rapid and reversible release of 45Ca from non-mitochondrial stores, with a half-maximal effect of approximately 1 microM. 相似文献
57.
The germination response to NaCl treatments has been studied in Melilotus seed populations collected from saline and non-saline
soils in the Guadalquivir delta.
The rank orders for salt tolerance and seed weight were the same in the threeMelilotus species living in this area:Melilotus messanensis>M. segetalis>M. indica.
Within the species, differences in germination response to salinity were found inM. indica (6 populations) andM. segetalis (8 populations). The relationship between salt tolerance during germination and salinity of maternal habitat is discussed. 相似文献
58.
Leghemoglobin was localized by immunogold techniques in nodules of Lupinus albus cv Multolupa inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lupinus) strain ISLU 16. The protein localization was performed in nodules embedded in Spurr's and Araldite epoxy resins and Lowycryl K4M. A very good preservation of both the ultrastructure and antigenicity was obtained with the tissues embedded in Araldite following glutaraldehyde fixation and unpostfixed in osmium tetroxide. Lupin leghemoglobin is a stable and abundant protein which allows a conventional method to be safely used for localization of leghemoglobin. Labeling of leghemoglobin was specifically confined to the cytosol matrix and nuclei. Gold particles were never observed in the peribacteroidal spaces nor in the cytoplasmic organelles of the infected cells. Decrease of leghemoglobin was observed when the plants were grown with 10.7 micromolar and 21.4 micromolar of nitrate. 相似文献
59.
J M Gandarias L Casis R Múgica G Aréchaga M Ramírez 《Revista Espanola de Fisiología》1989,45(1):89-93
A comparative study of brain aminopeptidase activity between 18 month old male rats and young adults of 3 months has been carried out utilizing the arylamides Leu-, Arg-, Lys-, Tyr- and Asp-beta-naphthylamide as substrates. Statistical analysis of results showed no significant differences either in areas studied or for enzymatic activities detected when both ages were compared. Two different patterns of regional distribution of enzymatic activity were observed: One came to be as a result of the use of Lys-, Arg-, Leu- or Tyr-beta-naphthylamide and the other as a result of the use of Asp-beta-naphthylamide. 相似文献
60.
Summary The effect of glucose and ammonium sulfate concentration on the kinetics of lactic acid formation by a heterogeneous mixed culture was evaluated by the sole product formation using the Gompertz model, which can be used to define culture media composition taking into account product accumulation and acidification rate constant. A compromise between ionic inhibition and nitrogen limitation was found by using ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source. The sugar tolerance was similar to that in exenic cultures. 相似文献