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71.
Javier Rodríguez Armando Malanda Luis Gila Ignacio Rodríguez Javier Navallas 《Journal of electromyography and kinesiology》2010,20(2):274-283
The present paper describes a global procedure for estimating all the synthesis parameters that generate a single fibre action potential (SFAP) in the Dimitrov–Dimitrova (D–D) convolutional model. We call this inverse problem Identification Procedure, and it is presented in two parts, this paper being the second. The procedure incorporates the candidate pair (CP) method developed in Part I, which provides the values of radial distance r and fibre diameter d of the simulated SFAP that best matches a potential under study. The CP-method required prior knowledge of all the excitation parameters. However, since the Identification Procedure makes no assumption about the excitation, multiple combinations of the synthesis parameters result in very similar SFAPs whose shape is close the signal under study. Analysis of the possible combinations reveals that r and d can be modelled as two jointly Gaussian random variables. The interest of the Identification Procedure is that, for a certain SFAP, it provides estimates of r and d, along with estimates of different parameters that determine the IAP waveform. Moreover, the procedure is able to determine the degree of error that accompanies the estimation of r and d. 相似文献
72.
Summary Mapping of the DNA from 14 Mediterranean subjects indicates a genetic variation in an Hinf I recognition site located 1 kilobase 5 to the -globin gene. This Hinf I site was found associated with eight -thalassemic genes and 11 normal genes, and hence is not specifically linked to -thalassemia. 相似文献
73.
Gila Arad Mali Ketzinel Chloe Tal Rachel Nussinovich Elimelech Deutsch Miriam Schlesinger Lisya Gerez Raymond Kaempfer 《Cellular immunology》1995,160(2):240-247
The level of transient expression of human IL-2 and IFN-γ genes, we show, is regulated by dynamic interaction between two functionally distinct cell populations. One is able to express these genes, while the other, bearing one of several specific surface markers, actively inhibits their expression. Defined cell subsets were isolated from PBMC and tonsil cells using immunomagnetic beads coated with monoclonal antibodies directed against surface markers. Depletion of CD8, CD11a (Leu15), or Leu8 subsets led to a pronounced superinduction of IL-2 and IFN-γ gene expression when the remaining cell population was stimulated with mitogen (PHA) or antigen (SEB). Thus, a 10-fold increase in production of IFN-γ was observed after removal of CD11a (Leu15) cells constituting only a small percentage of the total cell population. By contrast, depletion of cells expressing CD19, a B cell marker, did not yield any superinduction. Conversely, CD8, CD11a (Leu15), or Leu8 cell subsets, but not CD19 cells, each inhibited the induction of IL-2 and IFN-γ gene expression almost completely in depleted or total cell populations from which they were derived. Gene expression occurring within one cell subset could be effectively inhibited by cells from a second subset. Introduction of inhibitory cells (Leu8) into a population that actively expressed IL-2 and IFN-γ mRNA resulted in an immediate cessation of gene expression. This suppression involves a soluble mediator, since the culture medium in which such cells were activated exerted a similarly effective inhibition. 相似文献
74.
Leshem Ya'Acov Y.; Rapoport Dov; Frimer Aryeh A.; Strul Gila; Asaf Uri; Felner Israel 《Annals of botany》1993,72(5):457-461
When applied either in the form of a colloidal solution or inliposomes, buckyballs (C-60buckminsterfullerene) markedlyreduced ethylene evolution from cut carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)flowers, as well as pea (Pisum sativum) and broadbean (Viciafaba) foliage treated with ethylene precursor l-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylicacid (ACC). The liposome preparation was approximately twiceas effective as colloidal solutions. Moreover, upon being incubatedin a closed atmosphere with ethylene, buckyballs induced a significantdepletion of ambient ethylene which was temperature and C-60concentrationdependent. This mode of C-60 action is attributed to ethyleneadsorption stemming from the vast C-60 surface area, calculatedto be 1317 m2 g-1, and the affinity of its carbon atoms forthe component in the ethylene double bond.Copyright 1993, 1999Academic Press Dainthus caryophyllus, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, adsorption, ethylene, fullerene 相似文献
75.
Anglade Daniel; Corboz Michel; Menaouar Ahmed; Parker James C.; Sanou Sagazaga; Bayat Sam; Benchetrit Gila; Grimbert Francis A. 《Journal of applied physiology》1998,84(3):1011-1023
On the basis ofchanges in capillary filtration coefficient(Kfc) in 24 rabbit lungs, we determined whether elevations in pulmonary venouspressure (Ppv) or blood flow (BF) produced differences infiltration surface area in oleic acid-injured (OA) or control (Con)lungs. Lungs were cyclically ventilated and perfused under zone 3 conditions by using blood and 5% albumin with no pharmacological modulation of vascular tone. Pulmonary arterial, venous, and capillary pressures were measured by using arterial, venous, and double occlusion. Before and during eachKfc-measurementmaneuver, microvascular/total vascular compliance was measured by usingvenous occlusion.Kfc was measuredbefore and 30 min after injury, by using a Ppv elevation of 7 cmH2O or a BF elevation from 1 to2 l · min1 · 100 g1 to obtain a similardouble occlusion pressure. Pulmonary arterial pressure increased morewith BF than with Ppv in both Con and OA lungs [29 ± 2 vs. 19 ± 0.7 (means ± SE) cmH2O;P < 0.001]. In OA lungscompared with Con lungs, values ofKfc (200 ± 40 vs. 83 ± 14%, respectively; P < 0.01) and microvascular/total vascular compliance ratio (86 ± 4 vs. 68 ± 5%, respectively; P < 0.01) increased more with BF than with Ppv. In conclusion, for a given OA-induced increase in hydraulic conductivity, BF elevation increased filtration surface area more than did Ppv elevation. The steep pulmonary pressure profile induced by increased BF could result in therecruitment of injured capillaries and could also shift downstream thecompression point of blind (zone 1) and open injured vessels (zone 2). 相似文献
76.
Relative predicted protein levels of functionally associated proteins are conserved across organisms 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
We show that the predicted protein levels of functionally related proteins change in a coordinated fashion over many unicellular organisms. For each protein, we created a profile containing a protein abundance measure in each of a set of organisms. We show that for functionally related proteins these profiles tend to be correlated. Using the Codon Adaptation Index as a predictor of protein abundance in 48 unicellular organisms, we demonstrated this phenomenon for two types of functional relations: for proteins that physically interact and for proteins involved in consecutive steps within a metabolic pathway. Our results suggest that the protein abundance levels of functionally related proteins co-evolve. 相似文献
77.
Zrachia A Dobroslav M Blass M Kazimirsky G Kronfeld I Blumberg PM Kobiler D Lustig S Brodie C 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(26):23693-23701
Sindbis virus (SV) is an alpha virus used as a model for studying the role of apoptosis in virus infection. In this study, we examined the role of protein kinase C (PKC) in the apoptosis induced by SVNI, a virulent strain of SV. Infection of C6 cells with SVNI induced a selective translocation of PKCdelta to the endoplasmic reticulum and its tyrosine phosphorylation. The specific PKCdelta inhibitor rottlerin and a PKCdelta kinase-dead mutant increased the apoptosis induced by SVNI. To examine the role of the tyrosine phosphorylation of PKCdelta in the apoptosis induced by SVNI we used a PKCdelta mutant in which five tyrosine residues were mutated to phenylalanine (PKCdelta5). PKCdelta5-overexpressing cells exhibited increased apoptosis in response to SVNI as compared with control cells and to cells overexpressing PKCdelta. SVNI also increased the cleavage of caspase 3 in cells overexpressing PKCdelta5 but did not induce cleavage of PKCdelta or PKCdelta5. Using single tyrosine mutants, we identified tyrosines 52, 64, and 155 as the phosphorylation sites associated with the apoptosis induced by SVNI. We conclude that PKCdelta exerts an inhibitory effect on the apoptosis induced by SV and that phosphorylation of PKCdelta on specific tyrosines is required for this function. 相似文献
78.
ángeles Ruiz-Extremera José Antonio Mu?oz-Gámez Ana Abril-Molina María Angustias Salmerón-Ruiz Paloma Mu?oz-de-Rueda Esther José Pavón-Castillero Rosa Quiles-Pérez ángel Carazo Ana Gila Sergio Manuel Jimenez-Ruiz Jorge Casado Ana Belén Martín Laura Sanjuán-Nú?ez Esther Ocete-Hita Julián López Viota Josefa León Javier Salmerón 《PloS one》2013,8(10)
This study analyses the evolution of liver disease in women with chronic hepatitis C during the third trimester of pregnancy and the post-partum period, as a natural model of immune modulation and reconstitution. Of the 122 mothers recruited to this study, 89 were HCV-RNA+ve/HIV-ve and 33 were HCV-RNA-ve/HIV-ve/HCVantibody+ve and all were tested during the third trimester of pregnancy, at delivery and post-delivery. The HCV-RNA+ve mothers were categorized as either Type-A (66%), with an increase in ALT levels in the post-partum period (>40 U/L; P<0.001) or as Type-B (34%), with no variation in ALT values. The Type-A mothers also presented a significant decrease in serum HCV-RNA levels in the post-delivery period (P<0.001) and this event was concomitant with an increase in Th1 cytokine levels (INFγ, P = 0.04; IL12, P = 0.01 and IL2, P = 0.01). On the other hand, the Type-B mothers and the HCV-RNA-ve women presented no variations in either of these parameters. However, they did present higher Th1 cytokine levels in the partum period (INFγ and IL2, P<0.05) than both the Type-A and the HCV-RNA-ve women. Cytokine levels at the moment of delivery do not constitute a risk factor associated with HCV vertical transmission. It is concluded that differences in the ALT and HCV-RNA values observed in HCV-RNA+ve women in the postpartum period might be due to different ratios of Th1 cytokine production. In the Type-B women, the high partum levels of Th1 cytokines and the absence of post-partum variation in ALT and HCV-RNA levels may be related to permanent Th1 cytokine stimulation. 相似文献
79.
Alina V. Brenner Gila Neta Erich M. Sturgis Ruth M. Pfeiffer Amy Hutchinson Meredith Yeager Li Xu Cindy Zhou William Wheeler Margaret A. Tucker Stephen J. Chanock Alice J. Sigurdson 《PloS one》2013,8(3)
Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in immune function may be important in the etiology of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). To identify genetic markers in immune-related pathways, we evaluated 3,985 tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 230 candidate gene regions (adhesion-extravasation-migration, arachidonic acid metabolism/eicosanoid signaling, complement and coagulation cascade, cytokine signaling, innate pathogen detection and antimicrobials, leukocyte signaling, TNF/NF-kB pathway or other) in a case-control study of 344 PTC cases and 452 controls. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (OR) and calculate one degree of freedom P values of linear trend (PSNP-trend) for the association between genotype (common homozygous, heterozygous, variant homozygous) and risk of PTC. To correct for multiple comparisons, we applied the false discovery rate method (FDR). Gene region- and pathway-level associations (PRegion and PPathway) were assessed by combining individual PSNP-trend values using the adaptive rank truncated product method. Two SNPs (rs6115, rs6112) in the SERPINA5 gene were significantly associated with risk of PTC (PSNP-FDR/PSNP-trend = 0.02/6×10−6 and PSNP-FDR/PSNP-trend = 0.04/2×10−5, respectively). These associations were independent of a history of autoimmune thyroiditis (OR = 6.4; 95% confidence interval: 3.0–13.4). At the gene region level, SERPINA5 was suggestively associated with risk of PTC (PRegion-FDR/PRegion = 0.07/0.0003). Overall, the complement and coagulation cascade pathway was the most significant pathway (PPathway = 0.02) associated with PTC risk largely due to the strong effect of SERPINA5. Our results require replication but suggest that the SERPINA5 gene, which codes for the protein C inhibitor involved in many biological processes including inflammation, may be a new susceptibility locus for PTC. 相似文献
80.
Gila Lustig Sandile Cele Farina Karim Anne Derache Abigail Ngoepe Khadija Khan Bernadett I. Gosnell Mahomed-Yunus S. Moosa Ntombi Ntshuba Suzaan Marais Prakash M. Jeena Katya Govender John Adamson Henrik Klverpris Ravindra K. Gupta Rohen Harrichandparsad Vinod B. Patel Alex Sigal 《PLoS pathogens》2021,17(9)
HIV cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) escape, where HIV is suppressed in blood but detectable in CSF, occurs when HIV persists in the CNS despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). To determine the virus producing cell type and whether lowered CSF ART levels are responsible for CSF escape, we collected blood and CSF from 156 neurosymptomatic participants from Durban, South Africa. We observed that 28% of participants with an undetectable HIV blood viral load showed CSF escape. We detected host cell surface markers on the HIV envelope to determine the cellular source of HIV in participants on the first line regimen of efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir. We confirmed CD26 as a marker which could differentiate between T cells and macrophages and microglia, and quantified CD26 levels on the virion surface, comparing the result to virus from in vitro infected T cells or macrophages. The measured CD26 level was consistent with the presence of T cell produced virus. We found no significant differences in ART concentrations between CSF escape and fully suppressed individuals in CSF or blood, and did not observe a clear association with drug resistance mutations in CSF virus which would allow HIV to replicate. Hence, CSF HIV in the face of ART may at least partly originate in CD4+ T cell populations. 相似文献