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991.
Jenny Bulgarelli Laura Fiammenghi Serena Cassan Anna Maria Granato Massimiliano Petrini Elena Pancisi Valentina Soldati Francesco De Rosa Laura Ridolfi Angela Riccobon Massimo Guidoboni 《Cytotherapy》2018,20(6):851-860
Background
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most efficient antigen-presenting cells and act at the center of the immune system owing to their ability to control both immune tolerance and immunity. In cancer immunotherapy, DCs play a key role in the regulation of the immune response against tumors and can be generated ex vivo with different cytokine cocktails. Methods. We evaluated the feasibility of dinoprostone (PGE2) replacement with the molecular analog sulprostone, in our good manufacturing practice (GMP) protocol for the generation of DC-based cancer vaccine. We characterized the phenotype and the function of DCs matured in the presence of sulprostone as a potential substitute of dinoprostone in the pro-inflammatory maturation cocktail consisting of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6. Results. We found that sulprostone invariably reduces the recovery, but does not significantly modify the viability and the purity of DCs. The presence of sulprostone in the maturation cocktail increases the adhesion of single cells and of clusters of DCs to the flask, making them more similar to their immature counterpart in terms of adhesion and spreading proprieties. Moreover, we observed that sulprostone impairs the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and the spontaneous as well as the directed migration capacity of DCs.Discussion
These findings underscore that the synthetic analog sulprostone strongly reduces the functional quality of DCs, thus cannot replace dinoprostone in the maturation cocktail of monocyte-derived DCs. 相似文献992.
Esposito Ciro Roberti Agnese Turrà Francesco Cerulo Mariapina Severino Giovanni Settimi Alessandro Escolino Maria 《Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins》2018,10(2):323-328
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG), as a preventive measure of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in... 相似文献
993.
Antonella Amicucci Elena Barbieri Valentina Sparvoli Anna Maria Gioacchini Cinzia Calcabrini Francesco Palma Vilberto Stocchi Alessandra Zambonelli 《Fungal biology》2018,122(12):1134-1141
Tuber magnatum Pico, the delectable white truffle, is the most prized truffle species. In this study, we examined the reddish pigmentation that frequently occurs in T. magnatum ascomata for the presence of pigment-producing bacteria.The inner part of the reddish-pigmented region of three T. magnatum ascomata collected in North–Central Italy was analysed. This reddish part was used to establish a bacterial culture collection and to extract the total genomic DNA in order to obtain a library of 16S rRNA genes representative of the bacterial community. The molecular approach revealed limited microbial diversity within the reddish-pigmented regions compared to the wider range of bacterial species commonly found at the same maturation stage and season in T. magnatum ascomata. The pigmented regions showed a prevalence of specific bacterial species belonging to α-, β- and γ- Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. From the tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the extracted pigment, four compounds were identified: i) bixin, ii) β-carotene, iii) cis-1-glycosyl-apo-8′- lycopene and iv) the fucoxanthin. Carotenoid producing species such as Microbacterium and Chryseobacterium emerged as the most likely cause of the peculiar reddish pigment production. Indeed, our findings suggest that the peculiar reddish pigment might be produced by these bacterial species. 相似文献
994.
Effects of Self‐Conditioning Techniques (Self‐Hypnosis) in Promoting Weight Loss in Patients with Severe Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial 下载免费PDF全文
Simona Bo Farnaz Rahimi Ilaria Goitre Bice Properzi Valentina Ponzo Giuseppe Regaldo Stefano Boschetti Maurizio Fadda Giovannino Ciccone Giovanni Abbate Daga Giulio Mengozzi Andrea Evangelista Antonella De Francesco Sara Belcastro Fabio Broglio 《Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)》2018,26(9):1422-1429
Objective
The usefulness of the rapid‐induction techniques of hypnosis as an adjunctive weight‐loss treatment has not been defined. This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether self‐conditioning techniques (self‐hypnosis) added to lifestyle interventions contributed to weight loss (primary outcome), changes in metabolic and inflammatory variables, and quality of life (QoL) improvement (secondary outcomes) in severe obesity.Methods
Individuals (with BMI = 35‐50 kg/m2) without organic or psychiatric comorbidity were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 60) or control arm (n = 60). All received exercise and behavioral recommendations and individualized diets. The intervention consisted of three hypnosis sessions, during which self‐hypnosis was taught to increase self‐control before eating. Diet, exercise, satiety, QoL, anthropometric measurements, and blood variables were collected and measured at enrollment and at 1 year (trial end).Results
A similar weight loss was observed in the intervention (?6.5 kg) and control (?5.6 kg) arms (β = ?0.45; 95% CI: ?3.78 to 2.88; P = 0.79). However, habitual hypnosis users lost more weight (?9.6 kg; β = ?10.2; 95% CI: ?14.2 to ?6.18; P < 0.001) and greatly reduced their caloric intake (?682.5 kcal; β = ?643.6; 95% CI: ?1064.0 to ?223.2; P = 0.005) in linear regression models. At trial end, the intervention arm showed lower C‐reactive protein values (β = ?2.55; 95% CI: ?3.80 to ?1.31; P < 0.001), higher satiety (β = 19.2; 95% CI: 7.71‐30.6; P = 0.001), and better QoL (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02‐0.16; P = 0.01).Conclusions
Self‐hypnosis was not associated with differences in weight change but was associated with improved satiety, QoL, and inflammation. Indeed, habitual hypnosis users showed a greater weight loss.995.
Giorgio Lenaz Carla Bovina Cinzia Castelluccio Romana Fato Gabriella Formiggini Maria Luisa Genova Mario Marchetti Milena Merlo Pich Francesco Pallotti Giovanna Parenti Castelli Graziella Biagini 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1997,174(1-2):329-333
According to the 'mitochondrial theory of aging' it is expected that the activity of NADH Coenzyme Q reductase (Complex I) would be most severely affected among mitochondrial enzymes, since mitochondrial DNA encodes for 7 subunits of this enzyme. Being these subunits the site of binding of the acceptor substrate (Coenzyme Q) and of most inhibitors of the enzyme, it is also expected that subtle kinetic changes of quinone affinity and enzyme inhibition could develop in aging before an overall loss of activity would be observed.The overall activity of Complex I was decreased in several tissues from aged rats, nevertheless it was found that direct assay of Complex I using artificial quinone acceptors may underevaluate the enzyme activity. The most acceptable results could be obtained by applying the 'pool equation' to calculate Complex I activity from aerobic NADH oxidation; using this method it was found that the decrease in Complex I activity in mitochondria from old animals was greater than the activity calculated by direct assay of NADH Coenzyme Q reductase.A decrease of NADH oxidation and its rotenone sensitivity was observed in nonsynaptic mitochondria, but not in synaptic 'light' and 'heavy' mitochondria of brain cortex from aged rats.In a study of Complex I activity in human platelet membranes we found that the enzyme activity was unchanged but the titre for half-inhibition by rotenone was significantly increased in aged individuals and proposed this change as a suitable biomarker of aging and age-related diseases. (Mol Cell Biochem 174: 329–333, 1997) 相似文献
996.
Specific cellular localization of tyrosinase mRNA during Ciona intestinalis larval development 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Anna Caracciolo Ida Gesualdo Margherita Branno Francesco Aniello Roberto Di Lauro Anna Palumbo 《Development, growth & differentiation》1997,39(4):437-444
A Ciona intestinalis cDNA clone that encodes a protein highly homologous to other tyrosinases was isolated. Northern blot analysis showed that expression of Ciona tyrosinase starts at the early neurula stage and continues throughout the tail-bud and tadpole larval stages. The earliest tyrosinase expression was detected, by in situ hybridization, at the neural plate stage, in pigment precursor cells located along the two neural folds, in the animal region of the embryo. In the course of embryonic development the strong hybridization signal was always localized, within the rostral part of the developing brain, in the pigment precursor cells and was later detected in the otolith and ocellus. These results are discussed in relation to tyrosinase as an early marker of neural induction. 相似文献
997.
998.
The molecular properties of a novel membrane quinol oxidase from the marine bacterium Pseudomonas nautica 617 are presented. The protein contains 2b hemes/mole which may be distinguished by EPR spectroscopy but not by optical spectroscopy and electrochemistry. Respiration, though being cyanide insensitive, is not inhibited by carbon monoxide and oxygen reduction is carried out only half-way with production of hydrogen peroxide. The terminal oxidase represents, therefore, a unique example in the large family of terminal oxidases known up to date. 相似文献
999.
In higher plant cells, there are some enzymes capable of utilizing pyrophosphate (PPi ) as an energy donor. Among these, membrane-bound proton pumping pyrophosphatases (H+ -PPi ase) have been identified. In addition to the well-known vacuolar H+ -PPi ase (V-PPi ase), there is evidence for the presence of a mitochondrial H+ -PPi ase. This enzyme is localized on the inner surface of the inner membrane and catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of PPi , coupled to proton transport, with a H+ /PPi stoichiometry of ca 2. This activity is Mg2+ -requiring, is stimulated by monovalent cations, and is inhibited by Ca2+ , F− and diphosphonates. The H+ -PPi ase contains a catalytic head which is constituted by a 35-kDa protein which is loosely bound to the inner membrane. This protein exhibits a PPi ase activity, stimulated by phospholipids, with characteristics very similar to the membrane-bound enzyme. The mitochondrial PPi ase is distinct from the V-PPi ase, because an antibody raised against the 35-kDa protein does not react with tonoplast membranes. The mitochondrial H+ -PPi ase seems to have an F-type structure, similar to the F-ATP synthase and the membrane-bound PPi ases from mammalian and yeast mitochondria. It is suggested that, beside synthesizing PPi , this enzyme may act as a buffer for the electrochemical proton gradient, by hydrolyzing PPi, during conditions of oxygen deprivation. 相似文献
1000.
When airways constrict, the surrounding parenchyma undergoesstretch and distortion. Because of the mechanical interdependence between airways and parenchyma, the material properties of the parenchyma are important factors that modulate the degree ofbronchoconstriction. The purpose of this study was to investigate theeffect of changes in transpulmonary pressure (Ptp) and inducedconstriction on parenchymal bulk (k)and shear (µ) moduli. In excised rat lungs, pressure was measured atthe airway opening, and pressure-volume curves were obtained byimposing step decreases in volume with a calibrated syringe from totallung inflation. Calculation was made ofk during small-volume oscillations (1 Hz). Absolute lung volume at 0 cmH2O Ptp was obtained bysaline displacement. To calculate µ, a lung-indentation test wasperformed. The lung surface was deformed with a cylindrical punch(diameter = 0.45 cm) in 0.25-mm increments, and the force required toeffect this displacement was measured by a weight balance. Measurementsof k and µ were obtained at 4 and 10 cmH2O Ptp, and again at 4 cmH2O Ptp, after delivery ofmethacholine aerosol (100 mg/ml) into the trachea. Values ofk and µ in rat lungs were similar tothose reported in other species. In addition, k and µ were dependent on Ptp. Afterinduced constriction, k and µ increased significantly. That k and µ can increase after induced constriction has important implicationsvis a vis the factors modulating airway narrowing. 相似文献