全文获取类型
收费全文 | 359篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 16篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 15篇 |
2014年 | 18篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 25篇 |
2010年 | 28篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 25篇 |
2006年 | 16篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 10篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有375条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
In this study, the capacity of a natural macroalgae consortium consisting of Chaetomorpha sp., Polysiphonia sp., Ulva sp. and Cystoseira sp. species for the removal of copper ions from aqueous environment was investigated at different operating conditions, such as solution pH, copper ion concentration and contact time. These environmental parameters affecting the biosorption process were optimized on the basis of batch experiments. The experimentally obtained data for the biosorption of copper ions onto the macroalgae-based biosorbent were modeled using the isotherm models of Freundlich, Langmuir, Sips and Dubinin–Radushkevich and the kinetic models of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and Weber and Morris. The pseudo-first-order and Sips equations were the most suitable models to describe the copper biosorption from aqueous solution. The thermodynamic data revealed the feasibility, spontaneity and physical nature of biosorption process. Based on the data of Sips isotherm model, the biosorption capacity of biosorbent for copper ions was calculated as 105.370 mg g?1 under the optimum operating conditions. A single-stage batch biosorption system was developed to predict the real-scale-based copper removal performance of biosorbent. The results of this investigation showed the potential utility of macroalgae consortium for the biosorption of copper ions from aqueous medium. 相似文献
82.
Emine Anayol Allah Bakhsh Ömer Cem Karakoç Selma Onarıcı Deniz Köm Muhammad Aasim Sancar Fatih Özcan Surendra Barpete Saber D. Khabbazi Burak Önol Cengiz Sancak Khalid M. Khawar Levent Ünlü Sebahattin Özcan 《Plant biotechnology reports》2016,10(2):83-94
Most of the commercialized Bt crops express cry genes under 35S promoter that induces strong gene expression in all plant parts. However, targeted foreign gene expression in plants is esteemed more important as public may be likely to accept ‘less intrusive’ expression of transgene. We developed plant expression constructs harboring cry1Ac gene under control of wound-inducible promoter (AoPR1) to confine Bt gene expression in insect wounding parts of the plants in comparison with cry1Ac gene under the control of 35S promoter. The constructs were used to transform four Turkish cotton cultivars (GSN-12, STN-468, Ozbek-100 and Ayhan-107) through Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains GV2260 containing binary vectors p35SAcBAR.101 and AoPR1AcBAR.101 harboring cry1Ac gene under control of 35S and AoPR1, respectively. Phosphinothricin (PPT) was used at concentration of 5 mg L?1 for selection of primary transformants. The primary transformants were analyzed for transgene presence and expression standard molecular techniques. The transformants exhibited appreciable mortality rates against larvae of Spodoptera exigua and S. littoralis. It was found that mechanical wounding of T 1 transgenic plants was effective in inducing expression of cry1Ac protein as accumulated levels of cry1Ac protein increased during post-wounding period. We conclude that use of wound-inducible promoter to drive insecticidal gene(s) can be regarded as a valuable insect-resistant management strategy since the promoter activity is limited to insect biting sites of plant. There is no Bt toxin accumulation in unwounded plant organs, seed and crop residues, cotton products and by-products, thus minimizing food and environmental concerns. 相似文献
83.
Mustafa Nazıroğlu Fatih Kılınç Abdulhadi Cihangir Uğuz Ömer Çelik Ramazan Bal Peter J. Butterworth Metin Lütfi Baydar 《Cell biochemistry and function》2010,28(4):300-305
Oxidative stress occurs during maximal exercise, perhaps as a result of increased consumption of oxygen. Vitamins C and E can overcome the effects of antioxidants in exercise. We investigated the effects of supplementation with a combination of vitamin C and E (VCE) on blood lipid peroxidation (LP) and antioxidant levels following maximal training in basketball players. Blood samples were taken from 14 players (group A) and divided into two subgroups namely maximal training (group B) and maximal training plus VCE groups (group C). Group B maximally exercised for 35 days. VCE was supplemented to group C for 35 days and blood samples were taken from group B and C. Plasma and hemolyzed erythrocyte samples were obtained from the players. Erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity and plasma vitamin E concentration were lower in group B than in group A, whereas plasma and erythrocyte LP levels were higher in group B than in group A. Plasma vitamin A, vitamin E, erythrocyte GSH‐Px, and reduced glutathione (GSH) values were higher in group C than in groups A and B although LP levels in plasma and erythrocytes were lower in group C than in group A and B. β‐Carotene values did not change in the three groups. In conclusion, VCE supplementation in maximal exercising basketball players may strengthen the antioxidant defense system by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
84.
Özgür Bayram Fatih Sari Gerhard H. Braus Stefan Irniger 《Molecular microbiology》2009,71(5):1278-1295
Spore formation is a common process in the developmental cycle of fungi. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ime2 is a key protein kinase for the meiotic cell cycle, which precedes ascospore formation. Here, we analysed the IME2 -related imeB gene of the filamentous ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans. imeB deletion strains are retarded in growth and overproduce fertile sexual fruiting bodies in the presence of light, which normally represses sexual development. imeB mutants also display abnormal differentiation of sexual Hülle cells in submerged cultures. Increased sexual development of imeB mutants is dependent on VeA, a component of the heterotrimeric velvet complex. A combined deletion of imeB with the phytochrome fphA , a red light receptor, results in a complete loss of light response, suggesting that ImeB and FphA cooperate in light-mediated inhibition of sexual development. Furthermore, we found that imeB mutants fail to produce the mycotoxin sterigmatocystin, an aflatoxin precursor, and show that ImeB is needed for expression of the sterigmatocystin gene cluster. ImeB contains a TXY motif conserved in mitogen-activated protein kinases. This sequence element is essential for ImeB function. We conclude that ImeB is a mitogen-activated protein kinase-related protein kinase required for the co-ordinated control of light-dependent development with mycotoxin production. 相似文献
85.
86.
The aim of this study was to develop chitosan film containing fucoidan and to investigate its suitability for the treatment
of dermal burns on rabbits. Porous films, thickness between 29.7 and 269.0 μm, were obtained by the solvent dropping method.
Water vapor permeability (3.3–16.6/0.1 g), the swelling (0.67–1.77 g/g), tensile strength (7.1–45.8 N), and bioadhesion (0.076–1.771
mJ/cm2) of the films were determined. The thinnest films were obtained with the lowest chitosan concentration (P<.05). The water absorption capacity of the films sharply increased with the freeze-drying technique. The film having the
thickness of 29.7 μm showed the highest amount of moisture permeability (16.6 g/0.1 g). Higher chitosan concentration significantly
increased tensile strength of the films (P<.05). Using higher concentration of lactic acid made films more elastic and applicable, and these films were selected for
in vivo studies. Seven adult male New Zealand white rabbits were used for the evaluation of the films on superficial dermal
burns. Biopsy samples were taken at 7, 14, and 21 days after wounding, and each wound site was examined macroscopically and
histopathologically. After 7 days treatment, fibroplasia and scar were observed on wounds treated with fucoidan-chitosan film.
The best regenerated dermal papillary formation, best reepithelization, and the fastest closure of wounds were found in the
fucoidan-chitosan film treatment group after 14 days compared with other treatment and control groups. It can be concluded
that fucoidan-chitosan films might be a potential treatment system for dermal burns and that changing formulation variables
can modulate the characterizations of the films.
Published: May 24, 2007 相似文献
87.
Uzar E Koyuncuoglu HR Uz E Yilmaz HR Kutluhan S Kilbas S Gultekin F 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2006,291(1-2):63-68
Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist, is widely used as a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent. MTX-associated neurotoxicity is an important clinical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on cerebellar oxidative stress induced by MTX in rats. A total of 19 adult male rats were divided into three experimental groups as follows: MTX group (MTX treated), MTX+CAPE group (MTX+CAPE treated), and control group. MTX was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a single dose of 20 mg kg−1 on the second day of experiment. CAPE was administered i.p. with a dose of 10 μmol kg−1 day−1 for 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined in cerebellar tissue of rats. MTX caused to significant increase in MDA levels (an important marker of lipid peroxidation) in the MTX group compared with the controls (p = 0.006). CAPE significantly reduced the MTX induced lipid peroxidation in the MTX+CAPE group compared to the MTX (p = 0.007). The activities of SOD and CAT were significantly increased in the MTX group when compared with the control group (p = 0.0001, p = 0.004, respectively). The increased activities of these enzymes were significantly reduced by CAPE treatment (p = 0.004, p = 0.034, respectively). As a result, CAPE may protect from oxidative damage caused by MTX treatment in rat cerebellum. 相似文献
88.
Buyukkocak U Caglayan O Daphan C Aydinuraz K Saygun O Agalar F 《Mediators of inflammation》2006,2006(1):97257
Surgery induces release of neuroendocrine hormones (cortisol), cytokines (interleukin-6: IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha: TNF-alpha), acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein: CRP, leptin). We studied the effects of general and spinal anaesthesia on stress response to haemorrhoidectomy. Patients were assigned to general and spinal anaesthesia groups (n = 7). Blood samples were drawn before induction and 24 hours after surgery. Perioperative levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, CRP, cortisol, and leptin were comparable among the groups. Twenty four hours after surgery, TNF-alpha and cortisol did not change; IL-6 and CRP increased significantly in all patients. Significant increase in leptin levels was found in patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia. Except for the increase in leptin levels, there was no significant difference related to the effects of general and spinal anaesthesia. 相似文献
89.
Jessica Schwermann Maria Schubert Stefanie Schumacher Fatih Noyan Haruhiko Koseki Alexey Kotlyarov Christoph Klein Matthias Gaestel 《The EMBO journal》2009,28(10):1392-1406
The structurally related MAPK‐activated protein kinases (MAPKAPKs or MKs) MK2, MK3 and MK5 are involved in multiple cellular functions, including cell‐cycle control and cellular differentiation. Here, we show that after deregulation of cell‐cycle progression, haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in MK2‐deficient mice are reduced in number and show an impaired ability for competitive repopulation in vivo. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism, we dissected the role of MK2 in association with the polycomb group complex (PcG) and generated a MK2 mutant, which is no longer able to bind to PcG. The reduced ability for repopulation is rescued by re‐introduction of MK2, but not by the Edr2‐non‐binding mutant of MK2. Thus, MK2 emerges as a regulator of HSC homeostasis, which could act through chromatin remodelling by the PcG complex. 相似文献
90.
Matthias Becker Christian Korn Arnold R. Sienerth Robert Voswinckel Katharina Luetkenhaus Fatih Ceteci Ulf R. Rapp 《PloS one》2009,4(1)