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21.
M C Bonaccorsi di Patti A Galtieri A Giartosio G Musci L Calabrese 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry》1992,103(1):183-188
1. Ceruloplasmin, the blue protein of the plasma of vertebrates, was isolated from dolphin, a marine mammal. The protein showed overall physico-chemical parameters very similar to those of all other mammalian ceruloplasmins. The spectroscopic properties indicated a conservation of the copper binding sites. 2. Non-denaturing electrophoresis revealed a conformation similar to that of other mammalian ceruloplasmins. EPR spectroscopy and calorimetric analyses indicated a three-domain arrangement of the protein typical of "aged" ceruloplasmin. 3. Dolphin ceruloplasmin is the only mammalian ceruloplasmin insensitive to trypsin, plasmin or chymotrypsin. This property, however, does not result in a higher conformational stability of the molecule. Thus, susceptibility of ceruloplasmin to aging is not directly related to the lability to proteases, which is typical of all other mammalian ceruloplasmins so far studied. 相似文献
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23.
Summary The presence of house dust mites and storage mites in dumpsters was investigated in 3 different areas of Venice hinterland. The aim of this study was to find a relationship between some reported respiratory symptoms among 6 workers who were responsible for moving the dumpsters to the truck and the bio-aerosol released from such operation. These symptoms were closely related to the work and after allergological evaluation we found sensitisation to house dust mites in all 6 employees. The mine exposure in the workplace was assessed by a standardized sampling and analysis of dust obtained after brushing the inside surfaces of dumpsters. In 50% of the specimens (10/20) we found mites belonging to the following families: Pyroglyphidae (Dermatophagoides spp.), Acaridae (Acarus siro) and a lower amount of Cheyletidae (Cheyletus spp.). An indirect test (guanine test) was also performed and gave positivity in 16 dust samples (80%). The insides of dumpsters showed to be an optimal environment for mites survival and reproduction because of cracks and grooves on the walls, the high humidity level and the presence of mould. These mites probably come from dwelling places and other environments (markets, slaughters-houses, farms, etc.). This suggests that mites allergens can be released during rubbish discharging from the dumpsters and represent a possible risk for the employees. 相似文献
24.
Summary The complete amino acid sequence of the single haemoglobin of the Antarctic fish Aethotaxis mitopteryx DeWitt has been established by automated repetitive Edman degradation on the intact and cleaved (enzymatically and chemically) and chains. A very high sequence identity with other Antarctic fish haemoglobins has been detected. The haemoglobin has a moderate Bohr effect and no Root effect. Organic phosphates and chloride also regulate oxygen binding only to a moderate extent. The lack of Root effect is consistent with the substitution His — Val at the HC3 C-terminal position of the chain. The low overall heat of oxygenation suggests that in this species oxygen transport is an energy-saving process, presumably related to cold adaptation. The comparative analysis of the haemoglobins of Antarctic fishes emphasises some unique features of the oxygen-transport system of A. mitopteryx, which are likely to be related to its also rather unique mode of life.Data presented here were collected during the European Polarstern Study (EPOS) sponsored by the European Science Foundation 相似文献
25.
Fabrizio Arigoni P. Alexandre Kaminski Hauke Hennecke Claudine Elmerich 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1991,225(3):514-520
Summary The nucleotide sequence of a 4.1 kb DNA fragment containing the fixABC region of Azorhizobium caulinodans was established. The three gene products were very similar to the corresponding polypeptides of Rhizobium meliloti. The C-terminal domains of both fixB products displayed a high degree of similarity with the -subunits of rat and human electron transfer flavoproteins, suggesting a role for the FixB protein in a redox reaction. Two open reading frames (ORF) were found downstream of fixC. The first ORF was identified as fixX on the basis of sequence homology with fixX from several Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium strains. The second ORF potentially encoded a 69 amino acid product and was found to be homologous to a DNA region in the Rhodobacter capsulatus nif cluster I. Insertion mutagenesis of the A. caulinodans fixX gene conferred a Nif– phenotype to bacteria grown in the free-living state and a Fix– phenotype in symbiotic association with the host plant Sesbania rostrata. A crude extract from the fixX mutant had no nitrogenase activity. Furthermore, data presented in this paper also indicate that the previously identified nifO gene located upstream of fixA was probably a homologue of the nifW gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii. 相似文献
26.
B Corman A di Stefano M Wittner G Geelen 《Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie et de ses filiales》1991,185(3):143-155
In the course of aging, the renal concentrating ability is markedly reduced. This defect may result from an inappropriate synthesis of antidiuretic hormone in the central nervous system or may be due to an impaired renal response to vasopressin. The two hypotheses have been studied in vivo in rats and in vitro in mice. The results of these studies indicated that: 1) dehydration induces a comparable release of vasopressin along the hypothalamo-hypophysial axis in 10, 20 and 30 month-old rats; 2) there is no change with age of the number of nephrons, single nephron filtration rate or transport capacity of Henle's loop of cortical nephrons which could account for an impaired renal response to vasopressin; 3) the reduced concentrating ability of the kidney appears to be linked to a decreased response of the medullary thick ascending limb of Henle's loop which in part is responsible for the cortico-papillary gradient of solutes within the kidney. 相似文献
27.
P. J. N. Bloem L. M. G. C. Goessens P. Zamparo M. Sacher R. Paviotti P. E. di Prampero 《European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology》1991,62(3):204-210
Thirteen male subjects performed a running test on the treadmill consisting of four standard exercise intensities [65%, 75%, 85%, 95% maximal O2 uptake (VO2 max)] presented in ascending, descending or random order. At the end of each exercise intensity, O2 consumption, heart rate (fc), venous blood lactate concentration [( Ia]b) and perceived exertion were assessed. This last variable was determined according to the Borg nonlinear CR-20 scale. The same variables were also determined during exercise at a standard intensity (65% or 95% VO2 max) performed before and after a Finnish sauna bath. Ratings of perceived exertion showed a good test-retest reliability (r = 0.77); they were the same when the exercise intensity was expressed in relative (%VO2 max) or absolute (speed) terms, and were independent of the order of presentation of the exercise. The latter had no effect on fc either but it did, however, influence [Ia]b, which was significantly higher in the descending, as compared to the ascending or random modes of presentation. The sauna bath increased fc at a given exercise intensity, but left perceived exertion and [Ia]b unchanged. It was concluded that at least under the present experimental conditions, fc and venous [Ia]b do not play a major role as determinants of perceived exertion. 相似文献
28.
Egg production rates in wild populations of Acartia clausi and Centropages typicus, sampled biweekly in the Gulf of Naples from October 1985 to July 1987, showed marked seasonal fluctuations with maximum values in early spring that proceeded the annual maxima for adult female densities in summer. A positive correlation between chlorophyll a concentrations and egg production was evident only during the early spring phytoplankton bloom. A strong diminution in egg deposition occurred later in spring and continued throughout the summer notwithstanding high chlorophyll concentrations. In winter, when population abundances for adult females were lowest, egg production rates were always higher than in summer. Differences in egg production rates coincided with pronounced morphological changes between summer and winter populations of both species. The most striking of these changes consisted, in winter, in the presence of a dark brown fluid-like mass of granular material that seemed to freely bathe the gonads. The presence of this substance only during periods of elevated egg production suggests that it may enhance egg production rates when the adult population reaches minimum annual levels. Such a mechanism of self-regulation may operate to dampen the effects of environmental variability thereby contributing to maintain a conservative structure in coastal copepod communities. 相似文献
29.
Chemical modification of essential carboxyl group and histidine residue in the plasma-membrane 5'-nucleotidase 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J Harb K Meflah A di Pietro S Bernard D C Gautheron 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1986,870(2):320-326
An investigation, using specific chemical reagents, of the amino acids involved in the catalytic activity of the purified 5'-nucleotidase (5'-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.5) from bovine liver plasma membranes, was carried out. The enzyme was irreversibly inactivated by N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline (EEDQ). The inhibition kinetics were of the first-order type and decreased partially in the presence of nucleotides and divalent cations. These results indicate for the first time that a carboxyl group is essential for the catalytic process of 5'-nucleotidase. Moreover, chemical modification by diethylpyrocarbonate also produced inactivation of the enzyme and showed a differential spectrum with a peak at 240 nm characteristic of N-carbethoxyhistidine residues. This inactivation was efficiently released upon decarbethoxylation by hydroxylamine only when the extent of inactivation, due to low concentration of diethylpyrocarbonate, was limited. The time-dependent inactivation followed first-order kinetics and nucleotides afforded significant protection against diethylpyrocarbonate modification. The results indicate the involvement of the histidine residue in catalysis. 相似文献
30.
The kinetic features of human granulocyte elastase, chymotrypsin, porcine pancreatic elastase and elastomucoproteinase were compared. Amino acyl ester substrates were assayed and Km and kcat values were defined. Aldehyde analogues of the p-nitroanilide substrates designed for granulocyte elastase as optimal for Km appeared to be potent inhibitors. Suc-D-Phe-Pro-valinal (Ki = 40 microM) was found to inhibit granulocyte elastase competitively and specifically when measured with synthetic substrates, and the Ki was 3 microM with the natural protein substrate, elastin. 相似文献