猴头菌多糖脱色前后理化性质及生物活性的研究

以脱色前、后的猴头菌Hericium erinaceus粗多糖为研究对象,对其多糖含量、多糖中的单糖组成、分子量分布、红外光谱等理化性质和体外免疫活性、胃粘膜损伤的修复作用进行了比较研究。结果表明,猴头菌多糖脱色后,多糖含量提高、蛋白含量下降、小分子物质大量减少、单糖种类基本不变,岩藻糖所占比例略有下降、半乳糖及葡萄糖比例略有上升,红外光谱显示,脱色后多糖中的C=O基团减少;多糖脱色后体外免疫活性显著提高（P<0.05）,低浓度的未脱色多糖与模型组相比,对胃粘膜的损伤修复作用无显著性差异（P<0.05）,而低浓度的脱色多糖对胃粘膜的损伤修复作用显著提高（P<0.01）。     

固定化脂肪酶催化制备生物柴油条件优化

本文探讨了以固定化脂肪酶为催化剂催化制备生物柴油中醇油比、水含量、游离脂肪酸酸值和催化剂使用寿命对菜子油酯交换反应的影响,并与以NaOH、固体碱纳米水滑石为催化剂生物柴油的制备条件相比较.研究表明:固定化脂肪酶为催化剂所需最佳醇油比最低,仅为4:1,游离脂肪酸含量对酯交换反应影响甚微,且有较强的抗水性,固定化脂肪酶催化剂可可重复使用6次;NaOH为催化剂酯交换反应抗水性最强,随游离脂肪酸的增加,酯交换转化率显著降低;纳米水滑石为催化剂可重复使用5次,酯交换产物易分离,所得产品完全符合德国生物柴油标准.     

滑刃属一新种记述(滑刃目,滑刃科)

2002年从山东省乳山市牛筋草的根际土壤中发现滑刃属1新种,类刷尾滑刃线虫 Aphelenchoides parabrushmucronatus sp.nov,.该虫具有以下特征:雌虫虫体中等;唇区较高,缢缩明显;中食道球卵圆形;生殖系统发育良好,卵母细胞单列,受精囊和后阴子宫囊都含较大的圆形精子;雌虫尾圆柱形,尾端中间具有1试管刷状尾尖突.A.appendurus Singh,1967在形态上与新种相似,区别在于前者有两条侧线,虫体和口针更长,尾巴相对较短(L=720-880μm;stylet=16～17μm;tail=38.4μm).A.seiachicus Nesterov,1973在形态上也与新种相似,区别在于前者虫体更小,口针、尾巴更短(L=370-420μm;stylet=9.5μm;c'=3).     

Comparative investigation on spindle behavior and MPF activity changes during oocyte maturation between gynogenetic and amphimictic crucian carp

The spindle behavior and MPF activity changes in the progression of oocyte maturation were investigated and compared with cytological observation and kinase assay between gynogenetic silver crucian carp and amphimictic colored crucian carp.MPF activity was measured by using histone H1 as phosphorylation substrate.There were two similar oscillatory MPF kinase activity changes during oocyte maturation in two kinds of fishes with different reproductive modes,but there existed some subtle difference between them.The subtle difference was that the first peak of MPF kinase activity was kept to a longerlasting time in the gynogenetic silver crucian carp than in the amphimictic colored crucian carp.It was suggested that the difference may be related to the spindle behavior changes,such as tripolar spindle formation and spindle rearrangement in the gynogenetic crucian carp.     

重组L-门冬酰胺酶工程菌的表达和PEG的化学修饰

目的提高重组L-门冬酰胺酶(rL-ASP)工程菌的表达量,分离纯化rL-ASP并对之进行PEG化学修饰。方法将带有编码rL-ASP的基因的质粒(pKA)导入不同的宿主菌中,挑出高表达菌株,同时优化发酵培养基,分离纯化获得的高纯度rL-ASP再用PEG进行化学修饰,SDS-PAGE检测修饰效果。结果在pH7.0的条件下,宿主菌为JMl09的工程菌pKA/JMl09酶活力最高,三角瓶振摇培养的酶活力可达216×103IU/L;发酵罐发酵培养,酶活力达312×103IU/L。纯化后的rL-ASP比活力为220IU/mg,rL-ASP经过PEG化学修饰生成rL-ASP-PEG,分子量发生改变。结论改变目标蛋白表达的宿主菌和优化发酵工艺,提高了rL-ASP的表达量,纯化的rL-ASP经过PEG化学修饰后分子量增大。     

新疆主要造林树种对光肩星天牛的抗性

利用网室接种和树干套笼接种光肩星天牛Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky)成虫的方法,于2005年～2006年在新疆光肩星天牛的发生疫区,进行10种主要造林树种对其抗性的测定试验。结果显示:2种接种试验结果基本一致,各试验树种都不同程度地受到光肩星天牛的危害,表现出不同的抗虫性。根据孵化幼虫数综合分析,判断出试验树种的抗性高低的顺序为:桑树、沙枣>胡杨、圆冠榆、新疆杨、白榆、箭杆杨>复叶槭、旱柳、馒头柳。另外根据网室内试验树种上出现的羽化孔判断,光肩星天牛在新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州1年发生1代。     

中国四川棘蝇属五新种(双翅目:蝇科)

记述分布于中国四川西部蝇科中的棘蝇属Phaonia Robineau-Desvoidy,1983五新种：亮黑棘蝇Phaonia clarinigra,sp．nov．;西部棘蝇Phaonia hesperia,sp．nov．;跑马棘蝇Phaonia paomashanica,sp．nov．;蜀棘蝇Phaonia sichuamla,sp．nov．轿顶棘蝇Phaonia jiaodingshanica,sp．nov;模式标本存在中国科学院上海生命科学研究院,植物生理生态研究所。     

利用PCR技术快速制备DNA分子量标准物

目的：制备一套DNA分子量标准物。方法：利用多聚酶链式反应技术（PCR）,以连接有9个不同大小DNA片段的pMD18-T载体为模板,M13引物为通用引物,进行大规模扩增,并进行2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析和利用TanonGIS凝胶图像处理系统对凝胶扫描及拍照。结果：DNA分子量条带大小依次为1653bp、1173bp、691bp、606bp、496bp、401bp、326bp、238bp、155bp,条带分布适度、亮度清晰。结论：制备了能满足研究和实验室的要求DNA分子量标准物,和市售的相比,成本大大降低。     

Proteomic Analysis for the Identification of Proteins Related to Methotrexate Resistance

Methotrexate(MTX) is one of the most important and frequently used drugs in cancer therapy, but the efficacy of this drug is often compromised by the development of resistance in cancer cells. To seek and identify differentially expressed proteins related to MTX resistance and provide clues for the mechanism of MTX resistance, proteins from cell line MTX300 (resistant to 300 μmol/L MTX) and its control cell line 3T3R500 were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The colloidal Coomassie brilliant blue-stained 2-DE gels were subjected to image analysis, which revealed several spots with high levels of differential expression between MTX300 and 3T3R500. The protein spot with highest differential expression was submitted for tryptic peptide mass fingerprinting(PMF) for identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). MS analysis and database searches revealed it to be dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which was subsequently confirmed by Western blot. The result suggested that DHFR might play an important role in the MTX resistance.