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411.
Juthaporn Sangwallek Yoshinobu Kaneko Minetaka Sugiyama Hisayo Ono Takeshi Bamba Eiichiro Fukusaki Satoshi Harashima 《Archives of microbiology》2013,195(12):843-852
Yeast fatty acid synthase (Fas) comprises two subunits, α6 and β6, encoded by FAS2 and FAS1, respectively. To determine features of yeast Fas that control fatty acyl chain length, chimeric genes were constructed by combining FAS sequences from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScFAS) and Hansenula polymorpha (HpFAS), which mostly produces C16 and C18 fatty acids, respectively. The C16/C18 ratios decreased from 2.2 ± 0.1 in wild-type S. cerevisiae to 1.0 ± 0.1, 0.5 ± 0.2 and 0.8 ± 0.1 by replacement of ScFAS1, ScFAS2 and ScFAS1 ScFAS2 with HpFAS1, HpFAS2 and HpFAS1 HpFAS2, respectively, suggesting that the α, but not β subunits play a major role in determining fatty acyl chain length. Replacement of phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPT) domain with the equivalent region from HpFAS2 did not affect C16/C18 ratio. Chimeric Fas2 containing half N-terminal ScFas2 and half C-terminal HpFas2 carrying H. polymorpha ketoacyl synthase (KS) and PPT gave a remarkable decrease in C16/C18 ratio (0.6 ± 0.1), indicating that KS plays a major role in determining chain length. 相似文献
412.
Kazuyuki Uchimura Hiroyuki Ai Kiyoaki Kuwasawa Tomoko Matsushita Makoto Kurokawa 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2006,192(2):175-185
The frontal ganglion of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) gives rise to a visceral nerve, branches of which include a pair of anterior cardiac nerves and a pair of the posterior
cardiac nerves. Forward-fill of the visceral nerve with dextran labeled with tetramethyl rhodamine shows the anterior cardiac
nerves innervate the anterior region of the dorsal vessel. Back-fill of the anterior cardiac nerves with Co2+ and Ni2+ ions and the fluorescent dye reveals that the cell bodies of two motor neurons are located in the frontal ganglion. Injection
of 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein into the cell body of an identified motor neuron shows that the neuron gives rise to an axon running
to the visceral nerve. Unitary excitatory junctional potentials (EJPs) were recorded from a myocardial cell at the anterior
end of the heart. They responded in a one-to-one manner to electrical stimuli applied to the visceral nerve, or to impulses
generated by a depolarizing current injected into the cell body. EJPs induced by stimuli at higher than 0.5 Hz showed facilitation
while those induced at higher than 2 Hz showed summation. Individual EJPs without summation, or a train of EJPs with summation,
caused acceleration in the phase of posterograde heartbeat and heart reversal from anterograde heartbeat to posterograde heartbeat.
It is likely that the innervation of the anterior region of the dorsal vessel by the motor neurons, through the anterior cardiac
nerves is responsible for the control of heartbeat in Lepidoptera, at least in part. 相似文献