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111.
Francesca Sansone Alessandra Rossi Pasquale Del Gaudio Francesco De Simone Rita Patrizia Aquino Maria Rosaria Lauro 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2009,10(2):391-401
Gastroresistant microparticles for oral administration of hesperidin (Hd) were produced by spray-drying using cellulose acetate
phthalate (CAP) as enteric polymer in different polymer/Hd weight ratio (1:1, 3:1, and 5:1), and a series of enhancers of
the dissolution rate, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked (CMC), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), or
Tween85. The raw materials and the microparticles were investigated by differential-scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction,
infrared spectroscopy and imaged using scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy. In vitro dissolution tests were conducted using a pH-change method to investigate the influence of formulative parameters on the dissolution/release
properties of the drug. CAP/Hd microparticles showed a good gastro-resistance but incomplete drug dissolution in the simulated
intestinal fluid (SIF). The presence of the enhancers in the formulation produced well-formed microparticles with different
size and morphology, containing the drug well coated by the polymer. All the enhancers were able to increase the dissolution
rate of Hd in the simulated intestinal environment without altering CAP ability to protect Hd in the acidic fluid. The spray-drying
technique and process conditions selected were effective in microencapsulating and stabilizing the flavonoid giving satisfactory
encapsulation efficiency, product yield, and microparticles morphology, and a complete drug release in the intestine. 相似文献
112.
Chiara Azzari Maria Moriondo Giuseppe Indolfi Martina Cortimiglia Clementina Canessa Laura Becciolini Francesca Lippi Maurizio de Martino Massimo Resti 《PloS one》2010,5(2)
Background
Pneumococcal serotyping is usually performed by Quellung reaction, considered the gold standard test. However the method cannot be used on culture-negative samples. Molecular methods can be a useful alternative. The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of Multiplex-sequential-PCR (MS-PCR) or Realtime-PCR on blood samples for diagnosis and serotyping of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in a pediatric clinical setting.Methodology/Principal Findings
Sensitivity and specificity of MS-PCR and Realtime-PCR have been evaluated both on 46 well characterized pneumococcal isolates and on 67 clinical samples from children with culture-negative IPD. No difference in sensitivity and specificity between MS-PCR and Realtime PCR was found when the methods were used on isolates: both methods could type 100% isolates and the results were always consistent with culture-based methods. On the contrary, when used on clinical samples 43/67 (64.2%) were typeable by MS-PCR and 61/67 (91.0%) by Realtime-PCR (p = 0.0004,K Cohen 0.3, McNemar''s p<0.001). Non-typeability by MS-PCR was associated in 18/20 cases (90.0%) with low bacterial load. The difference between the two methods was present both when they were used on normally sterile fluids (respectively 31/33 (93.9%) typeable samples for Realtime-PCR and 24/33 (72.7%) for MS-PCR, p = 0.047, 95%CL 0.03–0.98; K Cohen 0.3; McNemar''s p = 0.0016) and when they were used on nasopharyngeal swabs (respectively 30/34 (88.2%) typeable samples for Realtime-PCR and 19/34 (55.9%) for MS-PCR, p = 0.007, 95%CL 0.04–0.66); the presence of multiple pneumococcal serotypes in nasopharyngeal swabs was found more frequently by Realtime PCR (19/30; 63.3%) than by Multiplex-sequential PCR (3/19; 15.8%; p = 0.003;95%CL 1.87–39.97).Conclusions/Significance
In conclusion, both MS-PCR and Realtime PCR can be used for pneumococcal serotyping of most serotypes/serogroups directly on clinical samples from culture-negative patients but Realtime-PCR appears more sensitive. 相似文献113.
Field D Sansone S Delong EF Sterk P Friedberg I Kottmann R Hirschman L Garrity G Cochrane G Wooley J Meyer F Hunter S White O 《Standards in genomic sciences》2010,3(3):232-234
This report summarizes the proceedings of the first day of the Metagenomics, Metadata and MetaAnalysis (M3) workshop held at the Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology 2010 conference. The second day, which was dedicated to the inaugural meeting of the BioSharing initiative is presented in a separate report. The Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) hosted the first day of this Special Interest Group (SIG) at ISMB to continue exploring the bottlenecks and emerging solutions for obtaining biological insights through large-scale comparative analysis of metagenomic datasets. The M3 SIG included invited and selected talks and a panel discussion at the end of the day involving the plenary speakers. Further information about the GSC and its range of activities can be found at http://gensc.org. Information about the newly established BioSharing effort can be found at http://biosharing.org/. 相似文献
114.
Clementina Auriemma Maurizio Viscardi Simona Tafuri Luigi Michele Pavone Federico Capuano Laura Rinaldi Rossella Della Morte Giuseppe Iovane Norma Staiano 《Cellular & molecular biology letters》2010,15(3):496-506
Listeria monocytogenes enters non-phagocytic cells by binding its surface proteins inlA (internalin) and inlB to the host’s E-cadherin and Met, respectively. The two internalins play either separate or cooperative roles in the colonization
of infected tissues. Here, we studied bacterial uptake into HeLa cells using an L. monocytogenes mutant strain (ΔinlA) carrying a deletion in the gene coding for inlA. The ΔinlA mutant strain showed the capability to invade HeLa cells. The monoclonal anti-β3- and anti-β1-integrin subunit antibodies prevented bacterial uptake into the cells, while the anti-β2- and anti-β4-integrin subunit antibodies failed to affect L. monocytogenes entry into HeLa cells. Three structurally distinct disintegrins (kistrin, echistatin and flavoridin) also inhibited bacterial
uptake, showing different potencies correlated to their selective affinity for the β3- and β1-integrin subunits. In addition to inducing Met phosphorylation, infection of cells by the L. monocytogenes ΔinlA mutant strain promoted the tyrosine phosphorylation of the focal adhesion-associated proteins FAK and paxillin. Our findings
provide the first evidence that β3- and β1-integrin receptors play a role in the inlB-dependent internalization of L. monocytogenes into host cells. 相似文献
115.
Gregarious behavior of potential prey was explained by Hamilton (1971) on the basis of risk-sharing: The probability of being
picked up by a predator is small when one makes part of a large aggregate of prey. This argument holds only if the predator
chooses its victims at random. It is not the case for herds of evasive prey in the open, where prey's gregarious behavior,
favorable for the fast group members, makes it easier for the predator to home in on the slowest ones. We show conditions
under which gregarious behavior of the relatively fast prey individuals leaves slowest prey with no other choice but to join
the group. Failing to do so would signal their vulnerability, making them a preferred target for the predator. Analysis of
an n+1 player game of a predator and n unequal prey individuals clarifies conditions for fully gregarious, partially gregarious, or solitary behavior of the prey. 相似文献
116.
Whetzel PL Brinkman RR Causton HC Fan L Field D Fostel J Fragoso G Gray T Heiskanen M Hernandez-Boussard T Morrison N Parkinson H Rocca-Serra P Sansone SA Schober D Smith B Stevens R Stoeckert CJ Taylor C White J Wood A;FuGO Working Group 《Omics : a journal of integrative biology》2006,10(2):199-204
The development of the Functional Genomics Investigation Ontology (FuGO) is a collaborative, international effort that will provide a resource for annotating functional genomics investigations, including the study design, protocols and instrumentation used, the data generated and the types of analysis performed on the data. FuGO will contain both terms that are universal to all functional genomics investigations and those that are domain specific. In this way, the ontology will serve as the "semantic glue" to provide a common understanding of data from across these disparate data sources. In addition, FuGO will reference out to existing mature ontologies to avoid the need to duplicate these resources, and will do so in such a way as to enable their ease of use in annotation. This project is in the early stages of development; the paper will describe efforts to initiate the project, the scope and organization of the project, the work accomplished to date, and the challenges encountered, as well as future plans. 相似文献
117.
Morrison N Wood AJ Hancock D Shah S Hakes L Gray T Tiwari B Kille P Cossins A Hegarty M Allen MJ Wilson WH Olive P Last K Kramer C Bailhache T Reeves J Pallett D Warne J Nashar K Parkinson H Sansone SA Rocca-Serra P Stevens R Snape J Brass A Field D 《Omics : a journal of integrative biology》2006,10(2):172-178
118.
Giordano C Lucente G Masi A Paradisi MP Sansone A Spisani S 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2006,14(8):2642-2652
In order to gain information on the activity shown by alpha-peptide/beta-sulfonamidopeptide hybrid analogs of the potent chemotactic agent fMLF-OMe, a structure-activity study is reported on N-Boc- and N-formyl tripeptide models containing an aminoalkanesulfonic acid as central residue. Directed migration (chemotaxis), superoxide anion production, and lysozyme release have been measured. The biochemical functions and the conformational properties of the new compounds are discussed and related to previously studied models containing beta-residues. 相似文献
119.
This note concerns a one locus, two allele, random mating diploid population, subject to frequency-dependent viability selection. It is already known that in such a population, any evolutionarily stable strategies (ESS), if only accessible by the genotype-to-phenotype mapping, is the phenotypic image of a stable genetic equilibrium (Eshel, I. 1982. Evolutionarily stable strategies and viability selection in Mendelian populations. Theor. Popul. Biol. 22(2), 204-217; Cressman et al. 1996. Evolutionary stability in strategic models of single-locus frequency-dependent viability selection. J. Math. Biol. 34, 707-733). The opposite is not true. We find necessary and sufficient parametric conditions for global convergence to the ESS, but we also demonstrate conditions under which, although a unique, genetically accessible ESS exists, there is another, "non-phenotypic" genetically stable equilibrium. 相似文献
120.
Eduarda Fernandes Félix Carvalho Artur M.S. Silva Clementina M.M. Santos Diana C.G.A. Pinto José A.S. Cavaleiro 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(1):45-48
The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition produced by some synthetic 2-styrylchromones. Ten polyhydroxylated derivatives with several substitution patterns were synthesised, and these and a positive control, allopurinol, were tested for their effects on XO activity by measuring the formation of uric acid from xanthine. The synthesised 2-styrylchromones inhibited xanthine oxidase in a concentration-dependent and non-competitive manner. Some IC 50 values found were as low as 0.55 μM, which, by comparison with the IC 50 found for allopurinol (5.43 μM), indicates promising new inhibitors. Those 2-styrylchromones found to be potent XO inhibitors should be further evaluated as potential agents for the treatment of pathologies related to the enzyme's activity, as is the case of gout, ischaemia/reperfusion damage, hypertension, hepatitis and cancer. 相似文献