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Cardoso CA Pinto JA Candiani TM Carvalho IR Linhares RM Goulart EM 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2012,107(4):532-538
The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients has reduced the number of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related deaths worldwide. This study assessed the impact of HAART on the survival and death rates of vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Data were obtained from a historic cohort of vertically HIV-infected children and adolescents aged zero-19 years old who were admitted from March 1989-December 2004 and were followed until June 2006. Patients who used HAART were included if they were treated for at least 12 weeks. Of 359 patients, 320 patients met the inclusion criteria. The overall mortality rate was 9.7% [31/320; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.0-13%]. The median survival for the non-HAART and HAART groups was 31.5 and 55.9 months, respectively (log rank = 22.11, p < 0.0001). In the multivariate analysis, the statistically significant variables were HAART and the weight-for-age Z score < -2, with HAART constituting a protective factor [relative risk (RR): 0.13; CI 95%: 0.05-0.33] and malnutrition constituting a risk factor (RR: 3.44; CI 95%: 1.60-7.40) for death. The incidence of death was 5.1/100 person-years in the non-HAART group and 0.8/100 person-years in the HAART group (p < 0.0001). 相似文献
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Gandra RF Gambale W de Cássia Garcia Simão R da Silva Ruiz L Durigon EL de Camargo LM Giudice MC Sanfilippo LF de Araújo J Paula CR 《Mycopathologia》2008,165(1):21-26
The yeasts of the Malassezia genus are opportunistic microorganisms and can cause human and animal infections. They are commonly isolated from the skin and auricular canal of mammalians, mainly dogs and cats. The present study was aimed to isolate Malassezia spp. from the acoustic meatus of bats (Molossus molossus) in the Montenegro region, “Rondônia”, Brazil. From a total of 30 bats studied Malassezia spp. were isolated in 24 (80%) animals, the breakdown by species being as follows (one Malassezia sp. per bat, N = 24): 15 (62.5%) M. pachydermatis, 5 (20.8%) M. furfur, 3 (12.5%) M. globosa and 1 (4.2%) M. sympodialis. This study establishes a new host and anatomic place for Malassezia spp., as it presents the first report ever of the isolation of this genus of yeasts in the acoustic meatus of bats. 相似文献
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Vanildo?Silveira Tiago?S.?Balbuena Claudete?Santa-Catarina Eny?I.S.?Floh Miguel?P.?Guerra Walter?HandroEmail author 《Plant Growth Regulation》2004,44(2):147-156
Amino acids, polyamines, 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), buffer-soluble protein and starch contents and dry matter accumulation were analyzed in megagametophytes containing developing embryos during seed development in Pinus taeda. The highest total amino acids and polyamine contents occurred at the cotyledonary stage, followed by a significant decrease in the mature seed. Free polyamines exhibited higher levels than conjugated ones, with putrescine being the predominant type until the cotyledonary stage, and spermidine at the mature seed stage. IAA content increased continually from the globular stage reaching the maximum at the cotyledonary stage, followed by a decrease in the mature seed. The highest ABA level occurred at the globular stage, followed by a continuous reduction until stabilization at the pre-cotyledonary stage. Buffer-soluble protein and starch contents, and dry matter increased progressively during development, reaching their maximum values at the mature stage. 相似文献
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Aparecida Resende F de Andrade Barcala CA da Silva Faria MC Kato FH Cunha WR Tavares DC 《Life sciences》2006,79(13):1268-1273
Ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) are triterpenoid compounds found in food, medicinal herbs and various other plants in free form or bound to glycosides. Both substances are known for their antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral and cytotoxic activities. In the present study, we evaluated the antimutagenic potential of UA and OA using the micronucleus test in peripheral blood and bone marrow of Balb/c mice. The animals were divided into 10 treatment groups: mice treated with UA (80 mg/kg b.w.); OA (80 mg/kg b.w.); a mixture of UA and OA (80 mg/kg b.w.); the antineoplastic agent doxorubicin (DXR, 90 mg/kg b.w.); DMSO and DXR; UA and DXR; OA and DXR; UA, OA and DXR, and negative and solvent controls. UA, OA and a mixture of UA and OA were administered to the animals by gavage, followed by the intraperitoneal injection of DXR. The results showed a significant reduction in micronucleus frequency in the groups concomitantly treated with the triterpenoid compounds and DXR compared to that treated with DXR alone. The present results demonstrate the antimutagenic activity of UA and OA under the experimental conditions used in this study. 相似文献
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Leonardo Lucas Carnevalli Dias Dimas Mendes Ribeiro Claudete Santa Catarina Raimundo Santos Barros Eny Iochevet Segal Floh Wagner Campos Otoni 《Plant Growth Regulation》2010,62(1):9-19
Ethylene is a plant hormone that is of fundamental importance to in vitro morphogenesis, but in many species, it has not been
thoroughly studied. Its relationship with polyamines has been studied mainly because the two classes of hormones share a common
biosynthetic precursor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). In order to clarify whether competition between polyamines and ethylene
influences in vitro morphogenetic responses of Passiflora cincinnata Mast., a climacteric species, different compounds were used that act on ethylene biosynthesis and action, or as ethylene
scavengers. Treatment with the ethylene inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) caused a greater regeneration frequency in
P. cincinnata, whereas treatment with the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic-acid (ACC) lessened regeneration frequencies.
The data suggested that levels of polyamines and ethylene are not correlated with morphogenic responses in P. cincinnata. It was ascertained that neither the absolute ethylene and polyamine levels, nor competition between the compounds, correlated
to the obtained morphogenic responses. However, sensitivity to, and signaling by, ethylene appears to play an important role
in differentiation. This study reinforces previous reports regarding the requirement of critical concentrations and temporal
regulation of ethylene levels for morphogenic responses. Temporal regulation also appeared to be a key factor in competition
between the two biosynthetic pathways, without having any effects on morphogenesis. Further studies investigating the silencing
or overexpression of genes related to ethylene perception, under the influence of polyamines in cell differentiation are extremely
important for the complete understanding of this process. 相似文献
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Mariana Volpe Arnoni Claudete Rodrigues Paula Marcos Ereno Auler Cirilo Cesar Naozuka Simões Shirley Nakano Maria Walderez Szeszs Márcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem Virgínia Bodelão Richini Pereira Hans Garcia Garces Eduardo Bagagli Eriques Gonçalves Silva Melissa Ferreira de Macêdo Luciana da Silva Ruiz 《Mycopathologia》2018,183(6):941-949
Fusarium species have emerged as responsible for a broad spectrum of infections, including superficial, locally invasive and disseminated ones, especially in the hospital environment. Since there are few reports of invasive and disseminated fusariosis in children, the aim of this study was to report four cases of nosocomial infection caused by this microorganism in children with cancer hospitalized in a public children’s hospital located in Brazil. Two of these patients were female and two were male. All patients presented febrile neutropenia, while three patients had acute lymphocytic leukemia and one patient had Wilms’ tumor as underlying disease. In two cases, fungi were isolated from blood and identified as Fusarium oxysporum species complex after phenotypic and genotypic studies, while in two other cases fungi were isolated from skin biopsies and identified as Fusarium solani species complex. One patient died 12 days after the onset of cutaneous lesions. All isolates, after susceptibility testing, presented high levels of minimum inhibitory concentration for itraconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B. Considering the emergence of filamentous fungi as etiologic agents of nosocomial infections, health professionals should be aware of the problems these infections, especially fungal ones, may cause to debilitated patients. 相似文献
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Priscila Dallé da Rosa Claudete Locatelli Karla Scheid Diane Marinho Lúcia Kliemann Alexandre Fuentefria Luciano Zubaran Goldani 《Mycopathologia》2018,183(3):565-571
Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a rare ocular pathogen. We report a patient with fungal keratitis caused by L. theobromae. The patient was a 75-year-old male, a farmer with diabetes type II, and no previous history of ocular trauma. Histopathology analysis revealed the presence fungi invading Descemet’s membrane of the cornea. The fungus was characterized by septate, highly bulged fungal filaments involving full corneal thickness in the corresponding histopathology specimens. A dematiaceous mold was isolated and initally identified as L. theobromae by microscopic and macroscopic morphology, and further confirmed by PCR-based determination of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA. Antifungal susceptibility tests showed sensitivity to amphotericin B (AMB) and voriconazole ( VRC), and resistance to other azoles, including itraconazole (ITC) and fluconazole (FLC). Corneal transplant was performed. Despite in vitro itraconazole resistance, the patient was successfully treated with oral itraconazole, topical voriconazole and natamycin, combined with ocular injections of amphotericin B and voriconazole. 相似文献
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High‐performance of Agaricus blazei fungus for the biological pretreatment of elephant grass 下载免费PDF全文
Thais Dal Picolli Kaliane Regalin Aver Roselei Claudete Fontana Marli Camassola 《Biotechnology progress》2018,34(1):42-50
Biological pre‐treatment seems to be promising being an eco‐friendly process, with no inhibitor generated during the process. The potential for elephant grass pre‐treatment with white degradation fungi Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus blazei, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, and Pleurotus djamor, in isolated or mixed cultures of these strains, was evaluated. The highest activities of enzymes involved in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass (laccases, endoglucanases, xylanases, and β‐glucosidases) were observed for A. blazei, L. edodes and the combination of P. ostreatus and A. blazei. In the enzymatic hydrolysis, there was greater release of reducing sugars in the pre‐treated elephant grass samples by A. blazei during 10 days (338.91 ± 7.39 mg g?1 of biomass). For this sample, higher lignin reductions, 24.81 and 57.45%, after 15 and 35 days of incubation, respectively, were also verified. These data indicate the potential of macromycetes such as A. blazei to perform biological pre‐treatments. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:42–50, 2018 相似文献
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Luana Alves Rodrigues Eduardo Augusto Ruas Paulo Maurício Ruas Maikel Reck Fernando Gianetti Fiorin María Ángeles Ortiz Estrella Urtubey Nelson Ivo Matzenbacher Claudete Fátima Ruas 《Plant Species Biology》2016,31(1):55-64
The genus Hypochaeris has a recent evolutionary history caused by long‐distance dispersal in conjunction with adaptive radiation in the South American continent. Hypochaeris lutea is a perennial herb that grows mostly at altitudes of around 1000 m in cold swamps of the southern regions of Brazil. We investigated the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in 270 individuals representing 11 Brazilian populations of H. lutea to elucidate the population genetic structure of this species. The frequencies of polymorphic loci and gene diversity ranged from 83.42% to 91.66% and from 0.26 to 0.34, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that most of the genetic variability was found within (76.67%) rather than among (23.3%) populations, agreeing with the pattern of genetic distribution within and among populations observed in other allogamous species of Hypochaeris. A Mantel test showed no correlation between genetic and geographic distances when all populations were considered. Simulations performed using a Bayesian approach consistently identified two clusters with different admixture proportions of individuals, as also revealed by a UPGMA dendrogram of populations. The pattern of genetic structure observed in H. lutea is consistent with a process of successive colonization events by long‐distance dispersal resembling the rapid and recent radiation that has been proposed to explain the origin of the South American species of Hypochaeris. 相似文献