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41.
Silke Ruppel Charlotte Hecht-Buchholz Rainer Remus Ursula Ortmann Rita Schmelzer 《Plant and Soil》1992,145(2):261-273
The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Pantoea agglomerans, a plant growth-promoting bacterium, to colonize various regions and tissues of the wheat plant (Triticum aestivum L.) by using different inoculation methods and inoculum concentrations. In addition, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine: (a) the ability of the bacterial cells to grow
and survive both on the surface and within internal tissue of the plant and (b) the response of the plant to bacterial infection.
After inoculation, cells of the diazotrophic bacterial strain P. agglomerans were found to be located in roots, stems and leaves. Colony development of bacterial cells was only detected within intercellular
spaces of the root and on the root surface. However, single bacterial cells were observed in leaves and stems on the surface
of the epidermis, in the vicinity to stomatal cells, within intercellular spaces of the mesophyll and within xylem vessels.
Inoculated bacterial cells were found to be able to enter host tissues, to multiply in the plant and to maintain a delicate
relationship between endophyte and host. The density of bacterial settlement in the plant in all experiments was about 106 to 107 cells per mL root or shoot sap. Establishment was confirmed by a low coefficient of variation of ELISA means at these concentrations. 相似文献
42.
Prof. Dr. Charlotte Thielke 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》1982,140(2-3):191-205
The spindle apparatus ofCoprinus micaceus begins to develop from the diglobular polar body outside the nucleus. During both meiotic divisions it operates inside the
nuclear envelope and consists of two amorphous poles, a central bundle of interpolar microtubules, and chromosomal microtubules.
A metaphase plate cannot exist because the interpolar strand of fibers is persistent throughout the division process. Within
the spindle axis more than 100 microtubules can be estimated. They are encircled by a ring of chromatic structures. During
the telophase the former spindle pole is evaginated from the nuclear envelope and contacts the plasmalemma near the cell wall. 相似文献
43.
Role of sugars in nitrate utilization by roots of dwarf bean 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Nitrate uptake and in vivo, nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in roots of Phaseolus vulgaris, L. cv. Witte Krombek were measured in nitrogen-depleted plants of varying sugar status, Variation in sugar status was achieved at the start of nitrate nutrition by excision, ringing, darkness or administration of sugars to the root medium. The shape of the apparent induction pattern of nitrate uptake was not influenced by the sugar status of the absorbing tissue. When measured after 6 h of nitrate nutrition (0.1 mol m?3), steady state nitrate uptake and root NRA were in the order intact>dark>ringed>excised. Exogenous sucrose restored NRA in excised roots to the level of intact plants. The nitrate uptake rate of excised roots, however, was not fully restored by sucrose (0.03–300 mol m?3). When plants were decapitated after an 18 h NO3? pretreatment, the net uptake rate declined gradually to become negative after three hours. This decline was slowed down by exogenous fructose, whilst glucose rapidly (sometimes within 5 min) stimulated NG?3 uptake. Presumably due to a difference in NO3? due to a difference in NO3? uptake, the NRA of excised roots was also higher in the presence of glucose than in the presence of fructose after 6 h of nitrate nutrition. The sugar-stimulation of, oxygen consumption as well as the release of 14CO2 from freshly absorbed (U-14C) sugar was the same for glucose and fructose. Therefore, we propose a glucose-specific effect on NO3? uptake that is due to the presence of glucose rather than to its utilization in root respiration. A differential glucose-fructose effect on nitrate reductase activity independent of the effect on NO3? uptake was not indicated. A constant level of NRA occurred in roots of NO3? induced plants. Removal of nutrient nitrate from these plants caused an exponential NRA decay with an approximate half-life of 12 h in intact plants and 5.5 h in excised roots. The latter value was also found in roots that were excised in the presence of nitrate, indicating that the sugar status primarily determines the apparent rate of nitrate reductase decay in excised roots. 相似文献
44.
Summary The rDNA content in Drosophila hydei has been compared in wild-type and in two translocation genotypes possessing only one nucleolus organizer. In highly polyploid salivary glands where rDNA is underreplicated, an independent polytenization of the rDNA occurs resulting in about the same rDNA level in each genotype independently of the number of nucleolous organizers present in the genome. Thus, the situation in the salivary glands of D. hydei is similar to that in D. melanogaster (Spear and Gall 1973).In tetraploid thoracic muscle where rDNA is not underreplicated, the rDNA percentage in the two translocation genotypes is also considerably increased, although the wild-type level is not completely attained. This result shows that rDNA replication is independently controlled even in a non-underreplicating tissue.In larval diploid brain the situation in the two translocation stocks is dissimilar: in one genotype the rDNA content remains unaltered whereas in the other it is increased. This demonstrates for the first time that a gene compensation does occur in a diploid tissue.Supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Ku 282/7) 相似文献
45.
M Del Rosso R Cappelletti S Vannucchi S Romagnani V P Chiarugi 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》1979,586(3):512-517
Surface and intracellular mucopolysaccharides of guinea-pig peritoneal macrophages maintained in suspension and monolayer culture were studied. At least five classes of compound (hyaluronic acid, heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin 4-sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate) were resolved and characterized by electrophoresis and enzymatic degradation. The results reported here suggest that modulation of mucopolysaccharide exposure is involved in macrophage physiology. The possible biological role of surface mucopolysaccharides in macrophage activity is discussed. 相似文献
46.
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48.
Dane Bicanic Darko Dimitrovski Svjetlana Luterotti Ksenija Marković Charlotte van Twisk Josephus G. Buijnsters Otto Dóka 《Food biophysics》2010,5(1):24-33
The trans-lycopene content of fresh tomato homogenates was assessed by means of the laser photoacoustic spectroscopy, the laser optothermal
window, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and colorimetry; none of these methods require the extraction from the product matrix prior
to the analysis. The wet chemistry method (high-performance liquid chromatography) was used as the absolute quantitative method.
Analytical figures of merit for all methods were compared statistically; best linear correlation was achieved for the chromaticity
index a* and chroma C*. 相似文献
49.
Under the same solution conditions, the apparent weight average sedimentation coefficient, swa, and some quantities obtained from it can be combined with the equilibrium constant or constants, Ki, and the monomer concentration, cI, obtained from sedimentation equilibrium, light scattering or osmotic pressure experiments on the same self-associating solute, so that the individual sedimentation coefficients, si, of the self-associating species, and also the hydrodynamic concentration dependence parameter,g or , can be evaluated. Using two different models for the hydrodynamic concentration parameter, four different methods are presented for the evaluation of the si's. Methods for evaluating g or , once the si's are known, are presented. A method for obtaining the number average sedimentation coefficient, sN, and its application to self-associations is presented. Methods are shown for the evaluation of Z average properties, xzc, as well as number average properties,xNc, of a self-associating solute from its weight average properties, xwc. 相似文献
50.