完美中国颌兽(Sinognathus gracilis)头骨化石标本的新观察

通过ＣＴ扫描对完美中国颌兽（犬齿兽科,爬行纲）头骨正型标本进行再研究,实现了无损伤观察化石标本内部结构之目的,发现脑颅内腔的上方有特别长大的三棱柱形的构造,暂解释为额－顶窦。对鳞骨后外侧面的外耳道作了详细观察记述。     

Structural Identification of Kudinchagenin I

A novel triterpenoid, kudinchagenin Ⅰ was isolated from the leaves of Ilex kudincha C. J. Tseng and its structure was determined to be 3β-hydroxy- 11 (12), 13 ( 18 ), 19 ( 29 ) - triene-28,20β-lactonic-ursane by a combination of spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray analysis.     

An inhibitor selective for collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation from the salivary glands of hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis and its mechanism of action

Soluble materials of salivary glands from Haemaphysalis longicornis were found to inhibit collagen, ADP, and thrombin-stimulated platelet aggregation. One inhibitory component was purified to salivary gland homogeneity by a combination of gel filtration, ion-exchange, and C_8 reverse phase HPLC. The purified activity, named longieornin, is a protein of moleeular weight 16 000 on SDS-PAGE under both reduced and nonredueed conditions. Collagen-mediated aggregation of platelets in plasma and of washed platelets (IC_(50) was approximately 60 nmol/L) was inhibited with the same efficacy. No inhibition of aggregation stimulated by other effeetors, including ADP, arachidonic acid, thrombin, ristocetin, calcium ionophore A23187, thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 and 12-O-phorbol-13-myristate acetate, was observed. Longieonin had no effect on platelet adhension to collagen. Not only platelet aggregation but also release reaction, and increase of intraeellar Ca~(2 ) level of platelets in response to collagen were com     

An inhibitor selective for collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation from the salivary glands of hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis and its mechanism of action

Soluble materials of salivary glands fromHaemaphysalis longicornis were found to inhibit collagen, ADP, and thrombin-stimulated platelet aggregation. One inhibitory component was purified to salivary gland homogeneity by a combination of gel filtration, ion-exchange, and C₈ reverse phase HPLC. The purified activity, named longicomin, is a protein of molecular weight 16 000 on SDS-PAGE under both reduced and nonreduced conditions. Collagen-mediated aggegation of platelets in plasma and of washed platelets (IC₅₀ was approximately 60 nmol/L) was inhibited with the same efficacy. No inhibition of aggregation stimulated by other effectors, including ADP, arachidonic acid, thrombin, ristocetin, calcium ionophore A23187, thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 and 12-O-phorbol-13-myristate acetate, was observed. Longiconin had no effect on platelet adhension to collagen. Not only platelet aggregation but also release reaction, and increase of intracellar ca²⁺ level of platelets in response to collagen were completely eliminated by longicomin. Increasing amounts of collagen are able to overcome the inhibition of aggregation by longicomin, indicating that longicomin probably shares with collagen a common receptor. In addition, collagen fibers did not emit fluorescence after incubation with isothocyanate-conjugated longicornin, indicating that longicomin did not bind directly to collagen fibers. The identification and isolation of longicomin demonstrates the existence of a new type of platelet inhibitor that should be useful to better undentand the mechanism of collagen stimulation of platelets. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39170591).     

甘蔗过氧化物酶同工酶分析

以30个甘蔗品种为材料,用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,分析甘蔗不同生长时期过氧化物酶同工酶。个别品种还进行同一品种在不同种植地区、同一植株不同叶位的同工酶酶谱比较,结果表明,不同品种的酶谱其酶带分布有明显的区别,但同一品种在不同种植地区、不同生长时期、不同植抹、同一植株不同叶位其酶带分布无差异,体现了同工酶作为品种标记具有多态性及稳定性。用单一酶系即可准确、方便地鉴定甘蔗品种。     

毛木耳漆酶纯化及其部分漆酶特性的研究

对毛木耳AuriculariapolytrichaAP4的粗酶液进行PAGE电泳后发现含有三种漆酶同工酶,并且通过运用NativeSDS-PAGE获得三种漆酶的分子量大小分别约为:LacA(110kD);LacB(84kD);LacC(65kD)。对漆酶粗酶液通过硫酸铵分级沉淀和离子交换柱层析进行纯化,用SDS-PAGE证明获得纯化的单一漆酶LacB。LacB漆酶的反应的最适温度为30℃,最适pH为3.0。此酶氧化ABTS的Km值为6.64×10-mmol/L,金属离子对酶活的影响很大,其中5Ca2+,Mg2+,Zn2+,Na2+,Ag2+对漆酶LacB有明显的激活作用;Co2+,Hg2+,Fe3+,Fe2+,Ba2+等对酶活有明显的抑制作用。LacB和其它真菌漆酶一样具有底物专一性不强的特点,并且LacB对RB亮兰染料有很好的脱色作用。     

病毒性肝炎肝硬化并脾功能亢进的治疗进展

病毒性肝炎肝硬化合并脾功能亢进是临床上常见的肝脏疾病,其产生的脾脏肿大占位效应和血细胞过度消耗及伴随骨髓移植等临床综合症状,严重影响了针对病毒性肝炎肝硬化的抗病毒治疗。目前通过非手术治疗难以控制脾脏肿大,且无特异性药物有效遏制,极易造成重度贫血和血小板减少症导致的出血现象,此时外科和介入治疗手段则为首选方式,一般包括脾脏切除、脾脏部分切除、介入治疗(目前以脾动脉栓塞为主)等,其中又以脾脏切除术疗效最直接和确切。然而脾切除对人体免疫功能的损害使人们认识到保脾的重要性,但如何最大限度的保留脾组织和脾功能,至今争议仍然存在。因此,本文综述了肝硬化脾功能亢进的发病原因及机制,脾亢的诊断标准以及脾功能亢进的外科和介入治疗方法,为脾功能亢进的研究提供一定的理论基础。     

湖南通道发现雷山琴蛙

2020年5月23日在湖南省通道县万佛山镇(26° 11′47″N,109°56′21″E,海拔924 m)采集到4号两栖动物标本,经形态特征比较,与雷山琴蛙(Nidirana leishanensis)相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA构建的琴蛙属(Nidirana)部分物种贝叶斯系统发育树显示,此次采集的琴蛙标本与雷...     

长尾小蜂属Torymus二新种记述(膜翅目:长尾小蜂科)

记述采自浙江、江苏、福建和贵州的长尾小蜂属Torymus Dalman 2新种：浙江长尾小蜂Torymus zhejiangensis,sp．nov．和斑翅长尾小蜂Torymus maculatus．sp．nov．。模式标本保存在浙江大学农业与生物技术学院应用昆虫研究所。