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41.
Julien Benoit El Mabrouk Essid Wissem Marzougui Hayet Khayati Ammar Renaud Lebrun Rodolphe Tabuce Laurent Marivaux 《Journal of human evolution》2013
We report the discovery of three isolated primate petrosal fragments from the fossiliferous locality of Chambi (Tunisia), a primate-bearing locality dating from the late early to the early middle Eocene. These fossils display a suite of anatomical characteristics otherwise found only in strepsirhines, and as such might be attributed either to Djebelemur or/and cf. Algeripithecus, the two diminutive stem strepsirhine primates recorded from this locality. Although damaged, the petrosals provide substantial information regarding the ear anatomy of these advanced stem strepsirhines (or pre-tooth-combed primates), notably the patterns of the pathway of the arterial blood supply. Using μCT-scanning techniques and digital segmentation of the structures, we show that the transpromontorial and stapedial branches of the internal carotid artery (ICA) were present (presence of bony tubes), but seemingly too small to supply enough blood to the cranium alone. This suggests that the ICA was not the main cranial blood supply in stem strepsirhines, but that the pharyngeal or vertebral artery primitively ensured a great part of this role instead, an arterial pattern that is reminiscent of modern cheirogaleid, lepilemurid lemuriforms and lorisiforms. This could explain parallel loss of the ICA functionality among these families. Specific measurements made on the cochlea indicate that the small strepsirhine primate(s) from Chambi was (were) highly sensitive to high frequencies and poorly sensitive to low frequencies. Finally, variance from orthogonality of the plane of the semicircular canals (SCs) calculated on one petrosal (CBI-1-569) suggests that Djebelemur or cf. Algeripithecus likely moved (at least its head) in a way similar to that of modern mouse lemurs. 相似文献
42.
Marina J. Nyqvist Rodolphe E. Gozlan Julien Cucherousset J. Robert Britton 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2013,119(2):156-166
The correlation of seemingly unrelated behaviours into behavioural syndromes has been established in a wide range of species and taxa. However, most studies report on short‐term behavioural correlations without insight into individual consistency or temporal stability of the behavioural syndrome. Here, we examine the individual repeatability of single behaviours, and the presence and temporal stability of a context‐general behavioural syndrome in a solitary piscivorous predator, the pike (Esox lucius). Behavioural measurements on the same individuals were quantified independently through time and across three contexts: activity in the presence of a competitor, exploration of a novel environment and boldness under predation risk. There was no indication of a temporally stable behavioural syndrome, consisting of boldness, activity and exploration, nor were individuals consistent in the separate behaviours, contradicting the general assertion of its taxonomic prevalence. Furthermore, the study did not provide support for size or growth‐dependent behaviour in this size‐dimorphic species in conditions of limited food availability. The study highlights the importance of independent multiple observations of individual behaviour across time or contexts when measuring behavioural repeatability and covariation. 相似文献
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44.
Maïlys Chassagne-Manoukian Hamid Haddoumi Henri Cappetta André Charrière Monique Feist Rodolphe Tabuce Monique Vianey-Liaud 《Geobios》2013,46(5):371-379
A new locality in the poorly known “red beds” of Tendrara (High Plateaus, Morocco) has yielded four charophytes species (Feistiella anluensis, Lamprothamnium stipitatum, Peckisphaera portezueloensis, Platychara caudata) and dinosaur eggshells (Pseudomegaloolithus atlasi). These red beds, which overly the Cenomanian-Turonian marine deposits, generally assigned to “Senonian” based on geometric position, are directly dated by these fossils: the charophytes species and dinosaur oospecies association indicates a Campano-Maastrichtian or Maastrichtian age for these calm floodplain deposits. 相似文献
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46.
Katherine E. Horn Stephen D. Glasgow Delphine Gobert Sarah-Jane Bull Tamarah Luk Jacklyn Girgis Marie-Eve Tremblay Danielle McEachern Jean-François Bouchard Michael Haber Edith Hamel Paul Krimpenfort Keith K. Murai Anton Berns Guy Doucet C. Andrew Chapman Edward S. Ruthazer Timothy E. Kennedy 《Cell reports》2013,3(1):173-185
Highlights? DCC and netrin-1 are enriched at synapses in the adult mouse forebrain ? DCC is enriched in the PSD and regulates dendritic spine morphology ? LTP induction and memory formation require DCC expression by neurons ? DCC activation of Src is required for NMDAR-dependent LTP in adult CNS 相似文献
47.
Collins C. Iwuji Joanna Orne-Gliemann Joseph Larmarange Nonhlanhla Okesola Frank Tanser Rodolphe Thiebaut Claire Rekacewicz Marie-Louise Newell Francois Dabis ANRS TasP trial group 《PLoS medicine》2016,13(8)
BackgroundThe 2015 WHO recommendation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all immediately following HIV diagnosis is partially based on the anticipated impact on HIV incidence in the surrounding population. We investigated this approach in a cluster-randomised trial in a high HIV prevalence setting in rural KwaZulu-Natal. We present findings from the first phase of the trial and report on uptake of home-based HIV testing, linkage to care, uptake of ART, and community attitudes about ART.ConclusionsHome-based HIV testing was well received in this rural population, although men were less easily contactable at home; immediate ART was acceptable, with good viral suppression and retention. However, only about half of HIV-positive people accessed care within 6 mo of being identified, with nearly two-thirds accessing care by 12 mo. The observed delay in linkage to care would limit the individual and public health ART benefits of universal testing and treatment in this population.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01509508相似文献48.
Brazier Thomas Cherif Emira Martin Jean-François Gilles André Blanchet Simon Zhao Yahui Combe Marine McCairns R. J. Scott Gozlan Rodolphe E. 《Biological invasions》2022,24(8):2399-2420
Biological Invasions - Insufficient data on the origins of the first introduced propagule and the initial stages of invasion complicate the reconstruction of a species’ invasion history.... 相似文献
49.
Turbelin Anna J. Diagne Christophe Hudgins Emma J. Moodley Desika Kourantidou Melina Novoa Ana Haubrock Philip J. Bernery Camille Gozlan Rodolphe E. Francis Robert A. Courchamp Franck 《Biological invasions》2022,24(7):2061-2079
Biological Invasions - Introduction pathways play a pivotal role in the success of Invasive Alien Species (IAS)—the subset of alien species that have a negative environmental and/or... 相似文献
50.
Julia Drylewicz Daniel Commenges Rodolphe Thiébaut 《Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift》2010,52(1):10-21
In biostatistics, more and more complex models are being developed. This is particularly the case in system biology. Fitting complex models can be very time‐consuming, since many models often have to be explored. Among the possibilities are the introduction of explanatory variables and the determination of random effects. The particularity of this use of the score test is that the null hypothesis is not itself very simple; typically, some random effects may be present under the null hypothesis. Moreover, the information matrix cannot be computed, but only an approximation based on the score. This article examines this situation with the specific example of HIV dynamics models. We examine the score test statistics for testing the effect of explanatory variables and the variance of random effect in this complex situation. We study type I errors and the statistical powers of this score test statistics and we apply the score test approach to a real data set of HIV‐infected patients. 相似文献