Seasonal Changes of the Metabolites in the Leaves, Bark and Xylem Tissues of Olive Tree (Olea europaea. L) II. Carbohydrates

Seasonal changes of starch and soluble carbohydrates in leaves,bark and xylem tissues of olive tree were examined during acomplete annual cycle. Leaf starch and soluble carbohydrateswere detected at high levels during the spring and autumn metabolicallyactive periods. The low level of leaf starch in combinationwith the drastic reduction of soluble carbohydrates and mannitol,defined the summer period of the low metabolic state of thetree. The low leaf starch level in conjunction with the risensoluble carbohydrate levels in leaves in winter were associatedwith cold acclimation processes. The bark and xylem tissueswere performing as starch deposition sites, and differencesin the extent of starch accumulation in these tissues were detectedduring the seasons. The starch fluctuations in bark and xylemwere discussed in relation to the translocation of metabolitesand other physiological processes. Mannitol, the most abundantleaf carbohydrate, was examined in relation to the reducingsugars exported to the bark. The bark mannitol was examinedin conjunction with the sucrose, glucose and starch levels inthe maturing bark tissues and was correlated to the low wintertemperatures. During the winter there was a drastic reductionof mannitol circulation from the bark to xylem. Olive tree, Olea europaea, L, carbohydrates     

Polarizing activity in the developing limb of the Syrian hamster.

The transplantation of small pieces of tissue from the limb buds of 9 1/2 -10 day hamster embryos to the wing bud of the chick results in the induction of supernumerary wing structures. The anteroposterior polarity of these induced structures is under the control of the transplanted hamster tissue. The developing hamster limb thus has limb polarizing activity similar to that found in avian species and, as in the chick, the activity is found primarily in the posterior region of the limb bud.     

XI. Bericht des Bibliothekars

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Growth ofEscherichia coli B in a continuous culture under limitation by inorganic phosphate

During batch cultivation ofEscherichia coli in a medium deficient in inorganic phosphate, the growth curve after exhaustion of phosphate is linear. Results obtained in batch cultivation were used for deriving expressions for bacterial growth at a constant rate in a single-and multi-stage continuous system. It was found experimentally that the theoretical relations derived are satisfactory.