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排序方式: 共有225条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
Moonsuk S. Choi Ashima Saxena 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,393(3):509-513
Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) has been reported to hydrolyze diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), a surrogate compound of chemical warfare nerve agents. Thus, SMP30 has the potential to be useful as a prophylactic against chemical warfare nerve agent toxicity. Our efforts to generate human SMP30 in bacteria using a variety of expression vectors invariably resulted in insoluble and inactive preparations. In this study, properly folded and active recombinant human SMP30 (rHuSMP30) was produced in Escherichia coli by coexpressing it with molecular chaperones in a combined strategy. The coexpression of rHuSMP30 with GroES/GroEL/Tf at 15 °C, combined with the addition of a membrane fluidizer, increased osmolytes, and a two-step expression resulted in the highest enhancement of solubility and DFPase activity. Our results pave the way for exploring the use of rHuSMP30 against organophosphate and nerve agent toxicity. 相似文献
63.
Histamine and relatively selective H1- and H2-receptor agonists caused a concentration-dependent increase in the fractional outflow of radioactivity from the rat isolated vas deferens preloaded with labelled noradrenaline. The evoked fractional outflow of radioactivity was not preferentially associated with either H1- or H2-selective agonists, nor was it related to the known potencies of the agonists within each group. The evoked fractional outflow caused by all compounds studied was independent of the extracellular Ca2+ concentration. The study cautions against ascribing all the effects of histamine analogs to their respective histamine receptor stimulation. 相似文献
64.
Ravneet S. Vohra Donovan Lott Sunita Mathur Claudia Senesac Jasjit Deol Sean Germain Roxanna Bendixen Sean C. Forbes H. Lee Sweeney Glenn A. Walter Krista Vandenborne 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Introduction
The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate contractile and non-contractile content of lower leg muscles of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and determine the relationships between non-contractile content and functional abilities.Methods
Lower leg muscles of thirty-two boys with DMD and sixteen age matched unaffected controls were imaged. Non-contractile content, contractile cross sectional area and non-contractile cross sectional area of lower leg muscles (tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, peroneal, medial gastrocnemius and soleus) were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Muscle strength, timed functional tests and the Brooke lower extremity score were also assessed.Results
Non-contractile content of lower leg muscles (peroneal, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus) was significantly greater than control group (p<0.05). Non-contractile content of lower leg muscles correlated with Brooke score (rs = 0.64-0.84) and 30 feet walk (rs = 0.66-0.80). Dorsiflexor (DF) and plantarflexor (PF) specific torque was significantly different between the groups.Discussion
Overall, non-contractile content of the lower leg muscles was greater in DMD than controls. Furthermore, there was an age dependent increase in contractile content in the medial gastrocnemius of boys with DMD. The findings of this study suggest that T1 weighted MR images can be used to monitor disease progression and provide a quantitative estimate of contractile and non-contractile content of tissue in children with DMD. 相似文献65.
66.
Phipps MC Clem WC Catledge SA Xu Y Hennessy KM Thomas V Jablonsky MJ Chowdhury S Stanishevsky AV Vohra YK Bellis SL 《PloS one》2011,6(2):e16813
The performance of biomaterials designed for bone repair depends, in part, on the ability of the material to support the adhesion and survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In this study, a nanofibrous bone-mimicking scaffold was electrospun from a mixture of polycaprolactone (PCL), collagen I, and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles with a dry weight ratio of 50/30/20 respectively (PCL/col/HA). The cytocompatibility of this tri-component scaffold was compared with three other scaffold formulations: 100% PCL (PCL), 100% collagen I (col), and a bi-component scaffold containing 80% PCL/20% HA (PCL/HA). Scanning electron microscopy, fluorescent live cell imaging, and MTS assays showed that MSCs adhered to the PCL, PCL/HA and PCL/col/HA scaffolds, however more rapid cell spreading and significantly greater cell proliferation was observed for MSCs on the tri-component bone-mimetic scaffolds. In contrast, the col scaffolds did not support cell spreading or survival, possibly due to the low tensile modulus of this material. PCL/col/HA scaffolds adsorbed a substantially greater quantity of the adhesive proteins, fibronectin and vitronectin, than PCL or PCL/HA following in vitro exposure to serum, or placement into rat tibiae, which may have contributed to the favorable cell responses to the tri-component substrates. In addition, cells seeded onto PCL/col/HA scaffolds showed markedly increased levels of phosphorylated FAK, a marker of integrin activation and a signaling molecule known to be important for directing cell survival and osteoblastic differentiation. Collectively these results suggest that electrospun bone-mimetic matrices serve as promising degradable substrates for bone regenerative applications. 相似文献
67.
There has been a rapid increase in the amount of mutational data due to, amongst other things, an increase in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and the use of site-directed mutagenesis as a tool to help dissect out functional properties of proteins. Many manually curated databases have been developed to index point mutations but they are not sustainable with the ever-increasing volume of scientific literature. There have been considerable efforts in the automatic extraction of mutation specific information from raw text involving use of various text-mining approaches. However, one of the key problems is to link these mutations with its associated protein and to present this data in such a way that researchers can immediately contextualize it within a structurally related family of proteins. To aid this process, we have developed an application called MutationMapper. Point mutations are extracted from abstracts and are validated against protein sequences in Uniprot as far as possible. Our methodology differs in a fundamental way from the usual text-mining approach. Rather than start with abstracts, we start with protein sequences, which facilitates greatly the process of validating a potential point mutation identified in an abstract. The results are displayed as mutations mapped on to the protein sequence or a multiple sequence alignment. The latter enables one to readily pick up mutations performed at equivalent positions in related proteins. We demonstrate the use of MutationMapper against several examples including a single sequence and multiple sequence alignments. The application is available as a web-service at http://mutationmapper.bioch.ox.ac.uk. 相似文献
68.
Ashima Khurana Jitendra P. Khurana Shashi B. Babbar 《Journal of Plant Growth Regulation》2011,30(3):378-385
Nitric oxide (NO) plays diverse roles in the growth and development of plants and in their responses to various abiotic and
biotic stresses. It has also been reported to repress flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the present study, NO donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP), S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP), and 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) induced flowering in Lemna
aequinoctialis 6746 (a short-day strain) and in L.
aequinoctialis LP6 (a photoperiod-insensitive strain) under noninductive conditions. Nitrate and nitrite, two stable metabolites of NO, did
not induce flowering. On the other hand, cyanide donors potassium ferricyanide {K3[Fe(CN)6]} and potassium cyanide (KCN) induced flowering in both strains under noninductive conditions. The flowering induced under
a 8-h daily photoperiod regime in the short-day strain L.
aequinoctialis 6746 was inhibited by NO and cyanide donors. Vegetative multiplication of both strains was adversely affected by NO and cyanide
donors, irrespective of the photoperiod conditions. The observed effects of NO donors on flowering were substantially negated
by NO scavengers c-PTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide] and methylene blue. This confirmed
the role of NO in induction of flowering. The inductive effect of CN− also appeared to be partly mediated through NO as NO scavengers partially negated the effect of CN−. 相似文献
69.
Kamat SS Holmes-Hampton GP Bagaria A Kumaran D Tichy SE Gheyi T Zheng X Bain K Groshong C Emtage S Sauder JM Burley SK Swaminathan S Lindahl PA Raushel FM 《Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society》2011,20(12):2080-2094
Adenine deaminase (ADE) from the amidohydrolase superfamily (AHS) of enzymes catalyzes the conversion of adenine to hypoxanthine and ammonia. Enzyme isolated from Escherichia coli was largely inactive toward the deamination of adenine. Molecular weight determinations by mass spectrometry provided evidence that multiple histidine and methionine residues were oxygenated. When iron was sequestered with a metal chelator and the growth medium supplemented with Mn2+ before induction, the post-translational modifications disappeared. Enzyme expressed and purified under these conditions was substantially more active for adenine deamination. Apo-enzyme was prepared and reconstituted with two equivalents of FeSO4. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy demonstrated that this protein contained two high-spin ferrous ions per monomer of ADE. In addition to the adenine deaminase activity, [FeII/FeII]-ADE catalyzed the conversion of H2O2 to O2 and H2O. The values of kcat and kcat/Km for the catalase activity are 200 s−1 and 2.4 × 104 M−1 s−1, respectively. [FeII/FeII]-ADE underwent more than 100 turnovers with H2O2 before the enzyme was inactivated due to oxygenation of histidine residues critical for metal binding. The iron in the inactive enzyme was high-spin ferric with gave = 4.3 EPR signal and no evidence of anti-ferromagnetic spin-coupling. A model is proposed for the disproportionation of H2O2 by [FeII/FeII]-ADE that involves the cycling of the binuclear metal center between the di-ferric and di-ferrous oxidation states. Oxygenation of active site residues occurs via release of hydroxyl radicals. These findings represent the first report of redox reaction catalysis by any member of the AHS. 相似文献
70.
Dmitriev OY Bhattacharjee A Nokhrin S Uhlemann EM Lutsenko S 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2011,286(18):16355-16362
Wilson disease (WD) is a disorder of copper metabolism caused by mutations in the Cu-transporting ATPase ATP7B. WD is characterized by significant phenotypic variability, the molecular basis of which is poorly understood. The E1064A mutation in the N-domain of ATP7B was previously shown to disrupt ATP binding. We have now determined, by NMR, the structure of the N-domain containing this mutation and compared properties of E1064A and H1069Q, another mutant with impaired ATP binding. The E1064A mutation does not change the overall fold of the N-domain. However, the position of the α1,α2-helical hairpin (α-HH) that houses Glu(1064) and His(1069) is altered. The α-HH movement produces a more open structure compared with the wild-type ATP-bound form and misaligns ATP coordinating residues, thus explaining complete loss of ATP binding. In the cell, neither the stability nor targeting of ATP7B-E1064A to the trans-Golgi network differs significantly from the wild type. This is in a contrast to the H1069Q mutation within the same α-HH, which greatly destabilizes protein both in vitro and in cells. The difference between two mutants can be linked to a lower stability of the α-HH in the H1069Q variant at the physiological temperature. We conclude that the structural stability of the N-domain rather than the loss of ATP binding plays a defining role in the ability of ATP7B to reach the trans-Golgi network, thus contributing to phenotypic variability in WD. 相似文献