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11.
Souza DP Andrade MO Alvarez-Martinez CE Arantes GM Farah CS Salinas RK 《PLoS pathogens》2011,7(5):e1002031
Type IV secretion systems (T4SS) are used by Gram-negative bacteria to translocate protein and DNA substrates across the cell envelope and into target cells. Translocation across the outer membrane is achieved via a ringed tetradecameric outer membrane complex made up of a small VirB7 lipoprotein (normally 30 to 45 residues in the mature form) and the C-terminal domains of the VirB9 and VirB10 subunits. Several species from the genera of Xanthomonas phytopathogens possess an uncharacterized type IV secretion system with some distinguishing features, one of which is an unusually large VirB7 subunit (118 residues in the mature form). Here, we report the NMR and 1.0 Å X-ray structures of the VirB7 subunit from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (VirB7XAC2622) and its interaction with VirB9. NMR solution studies show that residues 27–41 of the disordered flexible N-terminal region of VirB7XAC2622 interact specifically with the VirB9 C-terminal domain, resulting in a significant reduction in the conformational freedom of both regions. VirB7XAC2622 has a unique C-terminal domain whose topology is strikingly similar to that of N0 domains found in proteins from different systems involved in transport across the bacterial outer membrane. We show that VirB7XAC2622 oligomerizes through interactions involving conserved residues in the N0 domain and residues 42–49 within the flexible N-terminal region and that these homotropic interactions can persist in the presence of heterotropic interactions with VirB9. Finally, we propose that VirB7XAC2622 oligomerization is compatible with the core complex structure in a manner such that the N0 domains form an extra layer on the perimeter of the tetradecameric ring. 相似文献
12.
Cluster Computing - Cloud platforms usually offer several types of Virtual Machines (VMs) with different guarantees in terms of availability and volatility, provisioning the same resource through... 相似文献
13.
Tiago Pereira Arantes Roberta Machado Ferreira Juliana S. Pinto Pieroni Vanessa M.R. Pinto Claudio A. Sakamoto Alvimar José da Costa 《Experimental parasitology》2009,123(2):190-194
Ten male dogs were distributed into three experimental groups for infection with Toxoplasma gondii: GI - three dogs inoculated with 2.0 × 105 P strais oocysts, GII - three dogs infected with 1.0 × 106 RH strain tachyzoites, and GIII - four controls dogs. Several clinical parameters were evaluated. IFAT was performed to detect anti-T. gondii antibodies. Presence of the parasite in semen was evaluated by PCR and bioassay techniques. Tissue parasitism was examined using bioassays and immunohistochemistry in testicle and epididymis fragments collected after orchiectomy. In semen samples collected from these two groups, the presence of T. gondii was verified by bioassays and PCR. T. gondii was detected by immunohistochemistry in tissues (testicle and epididymis fragments) of all six experimentally infected dogs. The T. gondii-positive seminal samples were used in the artificial insemination (AI) of four female dogs free of toxoplasmic infection. Seven days after AI, all of the female dogs presented serologic conversion (IFAT). Fetal reabsorption occurred in two of the dogs, while the others sustained full-term gestation. Several T. gondii cysts were detected in the brains of four offspring. These results suggest that T. gondii can be sexually transmitted in domestic dogs. 相似文献
14.
Simone V. Generoso Mirelle Viana Rosana Santos Flaviano S. Martins José A. N. Machado Rosa M. E. Arantes Jacques R. Nicoli Maria I. T. D. Correia Valbert N. Cardoso 《Archives of microbiology》2010,192(6):477-484
Probiotic is a preparation containing microorganisms that confers beneficial effect to the host. This work assessed whether
oral treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain UFMG 905 prevents bacterial translocation (BT), intestinal barrier integrity, and stimulates the immunity, in a murine
intestinal obstruction (IO) model. Four groups of mice were used: mice undergoing only laparotomy (CTL), undergoing intestinal
obstruction (IO) and undergoing intestinal obstruction after previous treatment with viable or heat-killed yeast. BT, determined
as uptake of 99mTc-E. coli in blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and lungs, was significantly higher in IO group than in CTL group. Treatments
with both yeasts reduced BT in blood and all organs investigated. The treatment with both yeasts also reduced intestinal permeability
as determined by blood uptake of 99mTc-DTPA. Immunological data demonstrated that both treatments were able to significantly increase IL-10 levels, but only viable
yeast had the same effect on sIgA levels. Intestinal lesions were more severe in IO group when compared to CTL and yeasts
groups. Concluding, both viable and heat-killed cells of yeast prevent BT, probably by immunomodulation and by maintaining
gut barrier integrity. Only the stimulation of IgA production seems to depend on the yeast viability. 相似文献
15.
Gabriel Capella Machado Daniela Vanessa Moris Thales Domingos Arantes Luciane Regina Franciscone Silva Raquel Cordeiro Theodoro Rinaldo P?ncio Mendes Adriana Pardini Vicentini Eduardo Bagagli 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(5):637-643
We aimed to evaluate whether the occurrence of cryptic species of
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, S1, PS2, PS3 and
Paracoccidioides lutzii, has implications in the
immunodiagnosis of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Small quantities of the antigen
gp43 were found in culture filtrates of P. lutzii strains and
this molecule appeared to be more variable within P. lutzii
because the synonymous-nonsynonymous mutation rate was lower, indicating an
evolutionary process different from that of the remaining genotypes. The
production of gp43 also varied between isolates belonging to the same species,
indicating that speciation events are important, but not sufficient to fully
explain the diversity in the production of this antigen. The culture filtrate
antigen AgEpm83, which was obtained from a PS3 isolate, showed large quantities
of gp43 and reactivity by immunodiffusion assays, similar to the standard
antigen (AgB-339) from an S1 isolate. Furthermore, AgEpm83 was capable of
serologically differentiating five serum samples from patients from the Botucatu
and Jundiaí regions. These patients had confirmed PCM but, were non-reactive to
the standard antigen, thus demonstrating an alternative for serological
diagnosis in regions in which S1 and PS2 occur. We also emphasise that it is not
advisable to use a single antigen preparation to diagnose PCM, a disease that is
caused by highly diverse pathogens. 相似文献
16.
Soybean diet improves insulin secretion through activation of cAMP/PKA pathway in rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Veloso RV Latorraca MQ Arantes VC Reis MA Ferreira F Boschero AC Carneiro EM 《The Journal of nutritional biochemistry》2008,19(11):778-784
Maternal malnutrition leads to permanent alterations in insulin secretion of offspring and the soybean diet contributes to improve insulin release. At least a soy component, genistein, seems to increase the insulin secretion by activating the cAMP/PKA and PLC/PKC pathways. Here, we investigated the effect of the soybean diet on the expression of PKAalpha and PKCalpha, and insulin secretion in response to glucose and activators of adenylate cyclase and PKC in adult pancreatic rat islets. Rats from mothers fed with 17% or 6% protein (casein) during pregnancy and lactation were maintained with 17% casein (CC and CR groups) or soybean (SC and SR groups) diet until 90 days of life. The soybean diet improved the insulin response to a physiological concentration of glucose in control islets, but only in the presence of supra-physiological concentrations of glucose in islets from CR and SR groups. PMA also improved the insulin response in islets of SC and SR groups. The expression of PKCalpha was similar in all groups. Forskolin increased the insulin secretion; however, the magnitude of the increment was lower in islets from CR and SR groups than in control animals and in those from rats maintained with soybean diet than in rats fed with casein diet. The PKAalpha expression was similar between SR and CR groups and lower in SC than in CC islets. Thus, soybean diet improved the secretory pattern of beta cells, at least in part, by activating the cAMP/PKA-signaling cascade. 相似文献
17.
Amanda Arantes Perez Débora Balabram Rafael Malagoli Rocha átila da Silva Souza Helenice Gobbi 《The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry》2015,63(6):408-416
We assessed the co-expression of cell cycle-related biomarkers in a series of 121 consecutive cases of high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), pure or associated with invasive carcinoma, and their associations with the different immunoprofiles of DCIS. Cases were identified from the histopathology files of the Breast Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2003 to 2008. The expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2 overexpression, cytokeratin 5, epidermal growth factor receptor 1, cyclooxygenase-2, p16 and Ki67 were assessed. Tumors were placed into five subgroups according to their immunohistochemical profile: luminal A, luminal B, HER2, basal-like and “not classified”. We found that the basal phenotype was associated with a higher frequency of p16-positive cases (83%) and the luminal A phenotype showed a higher frequency of p16-negative cases (93%; p=0.000). The association of biomarkers p16+/Ki67+/COX2+ was expressed in 02/06 cases (33.3%) of the basal phenotype but in only 01/70 cases (1.4%) of the luminal A phenotype (p=0.01). The co-expression of p16+/Ki67+/COX2- was associated with a basal phenotype (p=0.004). P16 expression, p16+/Ki67+/COX2+ and p16+/Ki67+/COX2- co-expression showed significant associations with the basal phenotype and these profiles could be used to guide more aggressive treatment strategies in patients with high-grade DCIS. 相似文献
18.
To promote understanding of fish population dynamics in tropical river-floodplains, we have synthesized existing information
by developing a largely empirical population model for arapaima (Arapaima sp.). Arapaima are characterized by very large bodies, relatively late sexual maturity, small clutches, and large parental
investment per offspring, and their populations are overexploited and even declining due to overfishing. We used unparalleled
time series data on growth, reproduction, catch-at-age, and size-class abundance estimates for a population that has increased
several-fold and undergone drastic changes in fishing practices in the Amazon, Brazil. Model population numbers were close
to observed numbers, with generally low mean absolute percentage errors for juveniles (16%), adults (30%), and catch (18%).
In using the model to test ecological hypotheses and to investigate management strategies, we found the following: (1) Annual
recruitment is directly and positively related to spawner abundance, and it appears to be density-compensatory following a
Beverton–Holt relation (R
2 = 0.85). (2) Fishing-selectivity of arapaima caused by use of harpoons and gillnets can lower yield potentials dramatically
through removal of the faster-growing individuals of the population. That is in part because fewer individuals live long enough
to reproduce and survivors take longer to reach reproductive age. (3) Arapaima populations can sustain annual catches of up
to 25% of the number of adults in the population the previous year if minimum size (1.5 m) and closed season (December–May)
limits are met. (4) When 25% of the number of adults in the population the previous year is harvested under a 1.6 m minimum
size limit of catch, catches are slightly smaller but abundance of adults in the population is considerably greater than under
a 1.5 m limit. These findings can be used in ongoing management initiatives, but caution is needed because of present biological
and ecological uncertainty about these fishes. 相似文献
19.
Ostrosky EA Marcondes EM Nishikawa Sde O Lopes PS Varca GH Pinto Tde J Consiglieri TV Baby AR Velasco MV Kaneko TM 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2011,12(2):732-737
Even though the synthetic preservatives may offer a high antimicrobial efficacy, they are commonly related to adverse reactions
and regarded as having potentially harmful effects caused by chronic consumption. The development of natural preservatives
provides a way of reducing the amount of synthetic preservatives normally used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations.
In addition, these agents have less toxic effects and represent a possible natural and safer alternative of the preservatives.
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the Rubus rosaefolius Smith extract efficiency as a natural preservative in base formulations. Of the extract, 0.2% (w/w) was assayed for its effectiveness of antimicrobial protection in two different base formulations (emulsion and gel). The
microbial challenge test was performed following the standard procedures proposed by The United States Pharmacopoeia 33nd,
European Pharmacopoeia 6th, Japanese Pharmacopoeia 15th, and the Cosmetics, Toiletries, and Fragrance Association using standardized
microorganisms. The results demonstrated that R. rosaefolius extract at the studied concentration reduced the bacterial inocula, satisfying the criterion in all formulations, even though
it was not able to present an effective preservative behavior against fungi. Thus, the investigation of new natural substances
with preservative properties that could be applied in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products is relevant due to the possibility
of substituting or decreasing the concentration of synthetic preservatives, providing a way for the development of safer formulas
for the use of consumers. 相似文献
20.
Valdeir Arantes Adriane M. F. Milagres Timothy R. Filley Barry Goodell 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2011,38(4):541-555
The brown rot fungus Wolfiporia cocos and the selective white rot fungus Perenniporia medulla-panis produce peptides and phenolate-derivative compounds as low molecular weight Fe3+-reductants. Phenolates were the major compounds with Fe3+-reducing activity in both fungi and displayed Fe3+-reducing activity at pH 2.0 and 4.5 in the absence and presence of oxalic acid. The chemical structures of these compounds
were identified. Together with Fe3+ and H2O2 (mediated Fenton reaction) they produced oxygen radicals that oxidized lignocellulosic polysaccharides and lignin extensively
in vitro under conditions similar to those found in vivo. These results indicate that, in addition to the extensively studied
Gloeophyllum trabeum—a model brown rot fungus—other brown rot fungi as well as selective white rot fungi, possess the means to promote Fenton
chemistry to degrade cellulose and hemicellulose, and to modify lignin. Moreover, new information is provided, particularly
regarding how lignin is attacked, and either repolymerized or solubilized depending on the type of fungal attack, and suggests
a new pathway for selective white rot degradation of wood. The importance of Fenton reactions mediated by phenolates operating
separately or synergistically with carbohydrate-degrading enzymes in brown rot fungi, and lignin-modifying enzymes in white
rot fungi is discussed. This research improves our understanding of natural processes in carbon cycling in the environment,
which may enable the exploration of novel methods for bioconversion of lignocellulose in the production of biofuels or polymers,
in addition to the development of new and better ways to protect wood from degradation by microorganisms. 相似文献