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711.
Henryk Berbeć Alicja Paszkowska Tomasz Borkowski 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1984,62(2):149-155
Summary Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity for alanine, glutamic acid, lysine and phenylalanine was studied in the three subcellular fractions of rabbit liver: fraction X, microsomes and cytosol. From 60 to 80% of the enzyme activities were found in fraction X and microsomes. Fraction X was especially rich in the synthetase activities. By means of gel chromatography, heavy (over 106 daltons) and light (below 480 × 103 daltons) forms of lysyl- and phenylalanyl- but only light ones of alanyl- and glutamyl-tRNA synthetase activities were found in all the subcellular fractions studied. It is concluded that in higher organisms (mammals) all aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, at least in part, are associated with cell structural constituents.Abbreviations ALA, GLU, LYS, PHE
alanyl-, glutamyl-, lysyl-, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase
- PMSF
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
- BSA
bovine serum albumin 相似文献
712.
Maciej Modzel Halina Płóciennik Alicja Kluczyk Piotr Stefanowicz Zbigniew Szewczuk 《Journal of peptide science》2014,20(11):896-900
Recently, there has been an increased interest in isotopical labeling of peptides. Although there are several techniques allowing for a complete labeling of all carboxyl groups in peptides, regioselective labeling would be beneficial in many situations. Such labeling requires the use of 18O‐labeled Fmoc amino acids. We have designed a method for such labeling that is an improvement on a technique proposed earlier. The new procedure is suitable for microscale synthesis and could be used in peptide and proteomics laboratories. Although for the majority of tested amino acids our method gives good labeling efficiency, it is time consuming. Therefore, we have decided to use microwave‐assisted procedure. This approach resulted in reduction of reaction time to 15 min and increased reaction efficiency. Copyright © 2014 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
713.
Ondřej Kaplan Alicja B. Veselá Alena Petříčková Fabrizia Pasquarelli Martina Pičmanová Anna Rinágelová Tek Chand Bhalla Miroslav Pátek Ludmila Martínková 《Molecular biotechnology》2013,54(3):996-1003
Escherichia coli strains expressing different nitrilases transformed nitriles or KCN. Six nitrilases (from Aspergillus niger (2), A. oryzae, Neurospora crassa, Arthroderma benhamiae, and Nectria haematococca) were arylacetonitrilases, two enzymes (from A. niger and Penicillium chrysogenum) were cyanide hydratases and the others (from P. chrysogenum, P. marneffei, Gibberella moniliformis, Meyerozyma guilliermondi, Rhodococcus rhodochrous, and R. ruber) preferred (hetero)aromatic nitriles as substrates. Promising nitrilases for the transformation of industrially important substrates were found: the nitrilase from R. ruber for 3-cyanopyridine, 4-cyanopyridine and bromoxynil, the nitrilases from N. crassa and A. niger for (R,S)-mandelonitrile, and the cyanide hydratase from A. niger for KCN and 2-cyanopyridine. 相似文献
714.
Elżbieta Bonda-Ostaszewska Tadeusz Włostowski Alicja Krasowska Paweł Kozłowski 《Acta theriologica》2012,57(4):289-294
Seasonal changes in lipid droplet size and lipid peroxidation in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of wild bank voles were examined. In addition, a role of photoperiod in these changes was studied; bank voles were held from the birth under long photoperiod (LP) for 12 weeks, and then half of them was transferred to short photoperiod (SP) for 6 weeks and another one remained under LP. In the wild bank voles the absolute BAT weight was seasonally constant, while the significant differences in the lipid droplet size were observed. The smallest lipid droplets (mean, 11 μm2) were seen in winter; they increased by 30 % in spring and reached the highest size (24 μm2) in summer. Lipid peroxidation in the BAT did not differ significantly between the seasons, although high intraseason variation of this process was noted. The laboratory experiment revealed that the size of lipid droplets was determined by photoperiod; SP induced 13-fold decrease, and continuous exposure to LP brought about a further 2.5-fold increase in the size of lipid droplets. Conversely, a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation was seen in LP bank voles in comparison with the SP animals. The data indicate that short photoperiod is responsible for the small size of lipid droplets in the BAT of bank voles during winter, which may be a necessary requirement for high thermogenic capacity of the tissue. Photoperiod appears also to affect lipid peroxidation in the BAT of these animals. 相似文献
715.
716.
Scott Atwell Ludovic Disseau Alicja Z. Stasiak Andrzej Stasiak Axelle Renodon-Cornière Masayuki Takahashi Jean-Louis Viovy Giovanni Cappello 《Nucleic acids research》2012,40(22):11769-11776
In eukaryotes, Rad51 protein is responsible for the recombinational repair of double-strand DNA breaks. Rad51 monomers cooperatively assemble on exonuclease-processed broken ends forming helical nucleo-protein filaments that can pair with homologous regions of sister chromatids. Homologous pairing allows the broken ends to be reunited in a complex but error-free repair process. Rad51 protein has ATPase activity but its role is poorly understood, as homologous pairing is independent of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis. Here we use magnetic tweezers and electron microscopy to investigate how changes of DNA twist affect the structure of Rad51-DNA complexes and how ATP hydrolysis participates in this process. We show that Rad51 protein can bind to double-stranded DNA in two different modes depending on the enforced DNA twist. The stretching mode is observed when DNA is unwound towards a helical repeat of 18.6 bp/turn, whereas a non-stretching mode is observed when DNA molecules are not permitted to change their native helical repeat. We also show that the two forms of complexes are interconvertible and that by enforcing changes of DNA twist one can induce transitions between the two forms. Our observations permit a better understanding of the role of ATP hydrolysis in Rad51-mediated homologous pairing and strand exchange. 相似文献
717.
718.
Christoph Fertinger Alicja Franke Rudi van Eldik 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2012,17(1):27-36
Compound I, an oxo–iron(IV) porphyrin π-cation radical species, and its one-electron-reduced form compound II are regarded as key intermediates in reactions catalyzed
by cytochrome P450. Although both reactive intermediates can be easily produced from model systems such as iron(III) meso-tetra(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)porphyrin hydroxide by selecting appropriate reaction conditions, there are only a few thermal
activation parameters reported for the reactions of compound I analogues, whereas such parameters for the reactions of compound
II analogues have not been investigated so far. Our study demonstrates that ΔH
≠ and ΔS
≠ are closely related to the chemical nature of the substrate and the reactive intermediate (viz., compounds I and II) in epoxidation
and C–H abstraction reactions. Although most studied reactions appear to be enthalpy-controlled (i.e., ΔH
≠ > −TΔS
≠), different results were found for C–H abstractions catalyzed by compound I. Whereas the reaction with 9,10-dihydroanthracene
as a substrate is also dominated by the activation enthalpy (ΔH
≠ = 42 kJ/mol, ΔS
≠ = 41 J/Kmol), the same reaction with xanthene shows a large contribution from the activation entropy (ΔH
≠ = 24 kJ/mol, ΔS
≠ = −100 J/kmol). This is of special interest since the activation barrier for entropy-controlled reactions shows a significant
dependence on temperature, which can have an important impact on the relative reaction rates. As a consequence, a close correlation
between bond strength and reaction rate—as commonly assumed for C–H abstraction reactions—no longer exists. In this way, this
study can contribute to a proper evaluation of experimental and computational data, and to a deeper understanding of mechanistic
aspects that account for differences in the reactivity of compounds I and II. 相似文献
719.