Isolation ofNostoc muscorum cyanophages from a domestic sewage

TwoNostoc muscorum cyanophages were isolated from a domestic sewage in Kuwait. N-1L cyanophage had a hexagonal head with a long tail, while N-2S cyanophage was a short-tailed virus. N-1L cyanophage was active at 50°C and at acidic pH, compared with N-2S, which was more heat stable and active at pH 7.0. Seasonal variations in the total number of plaque-forming units ofN. muscorum cyanophages were determined for sewage samples collected at each treatment step.     

ICI 182,780 has agonistic effects and synergizes with estradiol-17 beta in fish liver, but not in testis

Background  

ICI 182,780 (ICI) belongs to a new class of antiestrogens developed to be pure estrogen antagonists and, in addition to its therapeutic use, it has been used to knock-out estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) actions in several mammalian species. In the present study, the effects and mechanism of action of ICI were investigated in the teleost fish, sea bream (Sparus auratus).