鲥鱼的驯养与生物学研究Ⅰ.O~+龄幼鱼的生长与食性

本文主要描述池塘养殖条件下鲥鱼幼鱼的生长与食性。1)1987—1989年8月至11月幼鱼生长迅速,快于同期珠江天然个体的生长速度;2)体长26.6—94.9mm的幼鱼主要摄食浮游动物,轮虫和浮游植物出现率随个体增大而减少。食物共有18个属种,摄食频度为100％;3)幼鱼的平均饱满指数为75.70‰。各类食物重量百分比的顺序为:桡足类>枝角类>无节幼体>虾类溞状幼体>轮虫>藻类。     

一种简便的DNA斑点杂交法

本文介绍了一种简便、快速的动物DNA斑点杂交法。本方法省略了常规方法中的DNA提取步骤,与常规方法相比较,结果完全一致。     

介绍一种小鼠剃毛方法

在微生物,免疫学及其它试验中,经常需要去除小鼠身上的软毛,用于实验研究。目前采用的小鼠去毛方法为剪除法及脱毛剂脱毛。这两种方法不仅麻烦,易于造成小鼠皮肤损伤,而且去毛不干净。为此我们采用了一种电推剪与电动剃须刀的剃毛方法,可避免上述缺点。具有简单,方便,不需用麻醉剂及剃毛干净等优点,现介绍如下。 用手轻提小鼠尾巴,放在小鼠肢爪能够抓住的金属网上,向后轻拉鼠尾。先用电推剪从后往前,逆毛生长剪去实验部位的长毛。剪短     

产朊假丝酵母尿酸酶的快速提取法及产酶最适条件

利用表面活性剂及还原剂处理产朊假丝酵母(Candida utilis)细胞,在培养液pH7—11范围内,可使C.utilis产生的尿酸酶快速地释放到胞外。当Triton X-100及巯基乙醇浓度为0.1%,培养液pH为8时,获得的最高酶活性为4.78u/g湿菌体,最适pH值为8—9,处理时间为4小时。利用该方法获得的最高酶活性高于一般常规处理方法,即超声波法及透析法,它们的酶活性分别为1.9u/g湿菌体及0.76u/g湿菌体。     

几种抗生素对节旋藻生长的抑制

用试管稀释法研究了抗生素对节旋藻抑制的动力学特征,结果表明,大多数抗生素需4—6天时间才对节旋藻表现明显的抑制效果。试验了10种抗生素对7株节旋藻生长的抑制作用,发现对节旋藻的最低抑制浓度分别为(IU/ml):红霉素0.005—0.04;氯霉素0.04—0.08;螺旋霉素0.2—0.8;青霉素0.5—2;利福平4—5;链霉素4—8;四环素10—20;土霉素16—32;庆大霉素10—40;卡那霉素800以上。     

心房钠尿肽（ANP）对大鼠卵巢细胞生成雌激...

Isolated ovarian corpus luteal cells and granulosa cells of rat were employed to investigate the effect of alpha-ANP on the secretion of progesterone and estradiol. The contents of the steroid hormones are determined by RIA. The results showed that 0.1-10 ng/ml ANP promoted progesterone production in a dose dependent manner. alpha-ANP also enhanced progesterone production by granulosa cells, but not estradiol. It seems that the effect of alpha-ANP on ovarian steroidogenesis is a direct one.     

Interleukin—1β对促卵泡生成素（FSH）诱导大鼠...

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), one of the polypeptide lymphokines released in response to antigen, toxins, injury or inflammation by nearly all cell types, has multiple systemic effects. In the present study the effect of IL-1 beta on follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced estrogen production in primary culture was investigated. Granulosa cells obtained from immature estrogen-treated female rats were cultured for 3 days with increasing doses of FSH (1-30 ng/ml) with or without increasing doses of IL-1 beta (2-20 U/ml). The FSH stimulated estrogen production is dose-dependent, whereas IL-1 beta alone did not affect estrogen biosynthesis. In contrast, simultaneous treatment with IL-1 beta caused a dose-dependent inhibition of FSH action. This inhibitory effect of IL-1 beta was evident 48 h after the treatment. Furthermore, IL-1 beta inhibited forskolin (10(-5) mmol/L) and (Bu)2 cAMP (10(-2) mmol/L)-stimulated estrogen production, indicating a post-cyclic AMP site of action. The present study suggests that IL-1 beta is a potent modulator of granulosa cell steroidogenesis. Decreased estrogen formation may contribute to the follicle atresia and the impaired reproductive functions during injury and inflammation.