蝙蝠蛾拟青霉菌丝体发酵的研究

用20t发酵罐培养蝙蝠蛾拟青霉。菌粉收率达2．5％,D-甘露醇含量大于8％,腺苷含量大于0．2％．对发酵过程中pH、总糖、还原糖、得率、折光等的变化规律进行了考察．确定以发酵液pH的升高和还原糖含量作为综合判断发酵终点的依据．     

不同化学杂交剂(CHA)对小麦花药同工酶影响的研究

在小麦叶枕距±2cm时, 喷施4种不同化学杂交剂(CHA)后, 分别取小孢子处于不同发育阶段的花药, 进行过氧化酶(POD)、淀粉酶(Amy)和酯酶(Est)等同工酶的分析。研究表明: 在小孢子母细胞减数分裂期, 处理2、3和4 三种CHA对POD的A1、A2; B2、B4和B5; C1、C2和C3同工酶带的活性均有明显的抑制作用; 处理5除去对A1和A2表现抑制外, 对其他酶带的活性均有增强作用。在单核早期, 处理2和3的A、B和C区POD 同工酶活性均明显低于对照; 处理4和5上述各区POD同工酶活性却明显高于对照。 在上述两个发育时期, 处理2对Amy1区酶活性有增强作用, 而处理3、4和5对该区酶活性却表现了专一性的抑制。各处理对Est同工酶A区和B 区的酶活性主要表现为抑制。实验结果表明, 不同的CHA均通过干扰花药的物质和能量代谢而导致雄性生理性不育。 Abstract:When the distance between wheat (T. aestivum ) flag leaf and it's adjucent leaf is about ± 2cm, four different kinds of CHA (Chemical Hybridizing Agents) were sprayed, then we took the anthers which were at different microspore's development stages to make POD、Amy and Est isoenzymes analysis. The study showed that: during the microsporocyte meiophase, treatmant 2、3 and 4, the three kinds of CHAs had evident inhibitation on the activity of POD's bands A1、A2; bands B2、B4 and B5; bands C1、C2and C3. CHA of treatment 5 had inhibitation on bands A1 and A2, but could promote the activity of the other POD bands. During the early uninucleate stage, the POD activity on area A、area B and area C with CHAs of treatment 2、3 was obviousely lower than the control. But in these areas POD activity with CHAs of treatment 4、5 was obviousely higher than the control. During the above two development stages, CHA of treatment 2 obviously strengthened the activity of Amy1area; on the other hand, CHAs of treatment 3、4 and 5 have the unique inhibitation in the same area. All the treatments mainly had inhibitant effects on the activities of Ests area A and area B. The study shows that all the different CHAs bring about male physiological sterility. Through disturbing the anther's metabolism of substances and energy.     

用RAPD方法对平菇、香菇属间原生质体融合子的研究

RAPD是一种新的分子生物学技术。本实验用28个随机引物对平菇、香菇及其融合子进行PCR扩增, 在融合子谱带中,有64条与平菇相同(与平菇的相似指数SI=70.6%),14条与香菇相同(SI=33.6%),另外有26条谱带为双亲与融合子所共有。本实验结果说明融合子是双亲融合的产物,但在融合过程中,从双亲获得的遗传信息不等。本实验首次在食用真菌中获得了原生质体融合的分子生物学证据。我们认为,在食用菌研究中,RAPD将是一种有重要价值的分析方法。 Abstract:RAPD is a novel molecular biological technique.P.sapidus,L.edodes and their intergeneric fusants were tested by RAPD method using 28 randomly selected primers.In bands gained from fusants by amplification reaction,there were 64 bands with the same position as in P.sapidus (the similarity index (SI) was 70.6%),14 bands as in L.edodes.This results illustrated that fusants are true hybrid derived from protoplast fusion procedure,but the genetic information obtained from the two parents were not equal.Molecular biological evidence of protoplast fusion had obtained first time in edible mushroom by RAPD method in this experiment,we suggest that this technique is a valuable genetic marker for mushroom study.     

沱江宽体华鳅繁殖特性

对2010年4~11月采集于沱江资中段的573尾宽体华鳅（Sinibotia reevesae）进行了繁殖特性研究。结果表明：宽体华鳅性腺发育分为6期,5月卵巢发育到Ⅳ期,精巢发育到Ⅴ期。繁殖期在5~8月,盛期为6~7月,可通过胸鳍和生殖孔差异辨别性别。繁殖群体雌雄性比为1︰1.15,2~3龄性成熟,性成熟最小年龄两性均为2龄,为补充群体占优势的繁殖群体。雄性（Ⅴ期）最小性成熟个体体长71 mm,体重5.43 g,成熟系数4.76%,雌性（Ⅲ期）最小性成熟个体体长76 mm,体重7.80 g,成熟系数1.46%。成熟卵巢中卵子大小基本一致,卵径分布为单峰型,属于单次产卵类型;繁殖群体体长76~120 mm,体重7.80~41.60 g;卵小,沉性,野生条件下胚胎发育需要流速较快的流水环境。     

未传粉烟草子房离体培养胚状体的发育

关于离体培养未传粉子房获得的单倍体植 株,是从胚珠中的哪一部分长出来的,以及通过 什么样的发育过程而长成单倍体植株的,迄今 在国内外尚未见报道。我们在烟草和小麦方面 培养未传粉的子房获得了单倍体植株,并有重 复试验的结果。     

实验室内树鼩爆发间质性肺炎的报告

在动物室内饲养的树鼩于2003年4月至8月爆发了一次间质性肺炎。疫情特征为患病动物呼吸窘迫,发病急,死亡率高,主要累及新生或幼年动物,红霉素类抗生素有显著的防治效果。病理检查见光镜下肺组织呈间质性肺炎改变,肺泡腔内无渗出。推测此次疫情的病原为肺炎支原体。     

西花蓟马消化酶对食物短期适应的生化机制

为明确西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis消化酶对食物适应的生化机制,用玫瑰花瓣、玫瑰花朵（含花粉花蜜）和10%蜂蜜水+菜豆豆荚3种食物分别饲养西花蓟马雌成虫,测定西花蓟马在取食1、3、6、9、12、24和48 h后其雌成虫体内α-淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶和胰凝乳蛋白酶活性的变化。结果表明,取食玫瑰花朵的西花蓟马体内α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性最高,大多数时间下取食玫瑰花瓣的最低。随取食时间延长,除取食玫瑰花瓣的西花蓟马虫体α-淀粉酶是先降低后升高外,取食另外2种食物的α-淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活性均是先升高后降低。西花蓟马体内胰凝乳蛋白酶的活性在3~6 h时取食玫瑰花朵的活性最低,在其余时间下酶活性的变化在3种食物间没有明显的规律。结果说明,西花蓟马可通过快速调节体内消化酶活性来适应不同食物的变化,达到自身生长发育对营养物质的需求。     

Sindbis病毒蚀斑方法的建立及其在血液制品病毒灭活实验？…

实验建立了Ｓｉｎｄｂｉｓ病毒在ＢＨＫ－２１细胞内蚀斑形成的方法，Ｓｉｎｄｂｉｓ病毒接种于ＢＨＫ－２１细胞内，３天半染色，结果显示蚀斑清晰可见，直径为２－４ｍｍ，病毒滴度已达高峰期，同时将此方法用于血液制品病毒灭活实验中，结果表明该方法准确、客观，Ｓｉｎｄｂｉｓ病毒在Ｓ／Ｄ低ｐＨ孵放法等灭活病毒实验中作为有脂质包膜类病毒的指示病毒具有相对稳定性，较为适宜并且能客观的体现出各种灭活方法灭活病毒的作用。