栝楼核糖核酸酶在RNA序列分析中的应用

栝楼核糖核酸酶（RNase TCS）对U碱基具有高度的专一性,在无脲、pH3.5、50℃时,它几乎都在-NP ↓ U-处裂解RNA.它与RNase T1,U₂和有限的碱水解一起,可用于直接的酶法RNA序列分析．     

a-NAA及UV-B辐射对栝楼幼苗生长及蒸腾作用的影响

 研究了温室条件下紫外线-B（UV-B）辐射（0.029 J·m-2·s-1）和外施α-萘乙酸（α-NAA）（2 mg·L-1）相互作用对栝楼（Trichosanthes kirilowii）幼苗生长及蒸腾速率的影响。本实验设一个对照（T0）和3个处理：外施α-NAA（T1）,增加UV-B辐射（T2）,增加UV-B辐射并外施α-NAA（T3）。实验结果：增强UV-B辐射明显降低栝楼的株高及叶面积,根、茎、叶重均较对照低,因而总生物量也较对照低,干物质积累量减少。UV-B辐射增强,对栝楼植株含水量几乎无影响,但却明显增加叶气孔阻力,降低蒸腾速率。与对照（T0）相比,外施α-NAA（T1）明显增加株高及叶面积,根、茎、叶重均增加,因而单株总生物量较对照增加,但干物质积累量增幅不大,植株水分含量较对照略高;叶气孔阻力呈降低趋势,蒸腾速率呈增大趋势。在有UV-B辐射下外施α-NAA（T3）,与T2相比,植株高度、叶重及叶面积降低趋势明显减轻,但根、茎生物量,单株总生物量及干物质积累量并无明显增加;叶气孔阻力降低,蒸腾速率增大。分析认为,栝楼幼苗根系发达,根冠比接近1,而UV-B辐射下补充α-NAA对根、茎影响小,同时本试验处理时间短（5周）,表现为对生物量增加及干物质积累量的影响效果不明显,但株高、叶面积明显增加,且在一定程度上减小了叶的气孔阻力,增大了蒸腾速率。结果表明：UV-B辐射能对栝楼的根、茎、叶生物量及干物质积累量产生影响,同时也能引起栝楼叶气孔阻力增加及蒸腾速率降低,但若同时外施α-NAA,则这种影响有减轻的趋势。该结果暗示,α-NAA能增强栝楼幼苗对UV-B辐射的耐受能力,可能是弥补了UV-B辐射引起的IAA含量的降低,减少了内源ABA的积累,减轻叶片气孔阻力,增大蒸腾速率,促进了植株生长。     

The multicomponent phytopharmaceutical SKI306X inhibits in vitro cartilage degradation and the production of inflammatory mediators

Clinical studies have demonstrated that SKI306X, a purified preparation of three medicinal plants, relieves joint pain and improves functionality in osteoarthritis patients. To study the biological action of SKI306X, bovine cartilage explants and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with IL-1β and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) respectively, in the presence or absence of SKI306X and its individual composites. All tested compounds inhibited dose-dependently IL-1β-induced proteoglycan release and nitric oxide production by cartilage, indicating cartilage protective activity. SKI306X and two of its compounds inhibited PGE₂, TNF- and IL-1β production by LPS-stimulated PBMC, indicating anti-inflammatory activity. These results demonstrate that the biological effect of SKI306X is at least bipartite: (1) cartilage protective and (2) anti-inflammatory. The observed anti-inflammatory effects may provide an explanation for the outcome of the clinical studies. Long-term clinical trails are necessary to elucidate whether the in vitro cartilage protective activity results in disease-modifying effects.     

栝楼籽核糖体失活蛋白（TCK）与天花粉蛋白（TCS）性质比较研究

建立了从栝楼种籽大规模制备核糖体失活蛋白（ＴＣＫ）的方法。进行了ＴＣＫ与天花粉蛋白（ＴＣＳ）性质比较研究。     

聚乙二醇对栝楼种子萌发的影响

针对栝楼籽萌发困难的问题,本试验采用聚乙二醇（PEG）对栝楼种子进行处理,结果表明：15％PEG浸种24h,可有效调节渗透水势,改变种子生理生化反应特性,并保持淀粉酶活性连续上升,使可溶性蛋白质含量明显提高,可见PEG在加速大分子动员和提高代谢能力方面发挥了作用,从而促进植物体的组织器官形态建成和生长发育;同时,PEG处理提高了过氧化物酶（POD）活性,降低了丙二醛（MDA）含量,减少了自由基积累,减轻了浸种吸涨对膜系统的损伤,降低了不利因素的影响,提高了种子活力。     

天花粉中三个同工凝集素的分离纯化及其生物学性质研究

运用阴离子交换层析从亲和纯的天花粉凝集囊中分离得到三个同工形式的凝集素,它们都具有结合半乳糖的能力,都能与天花粉凝集大的抗血清形成免疫沉淀线,并且其它各方面的性质如疏水结合能力也相仿。对它们生物学性质的检测,发现它们都能杀伤黑色素瘤细胞,但缺乏抑制无细胞蛋白质生物合成的能力。另外,对植物中同工形式凝集大的存在进行了讨论。     

栝楼的快速繁殖及愈伤组织的诱导

本文对栝楼的快速繁殖及愈伤组织的诱导进行了初步研究。结果表明：含腋芽的栝楼外植体在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０＋ＮＡＡ０．２上可以快速繁殖;茎切段、叶片切块及子叶切块在ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ１．０＋６－ＢＡ０．５上能够形成愈伤组织但以茎段形成愈伤组织的速度最快,质量最好;愈伤组织在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０＋ＮＡＡＯ．１上分化成芽。     

栝楼属种皮的扫描电镜观察及其分类学意义

栝楼属３１种和３变种皮的扫描电镜观察和比较显示了种皮表面特征的高度多样性,它们可分为长方网型,波浪型,蜂窝型和不规则型等,这些类型的划分能为方子组,柔毛亚组的建立及一些种的归属提供依据。     

Differential response of leaf gas exchange to enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation in three species of herbaceous climbingplants

We measured diurnal changes in photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency in three species of herbaceous climbing plants (Luffa cylindrica, Trichosanthes kirilowii and Dioscorea opposita) exposed to two intensities of UV-B radiation: 3.0 μw cm^?2 (R1) and 8.0 μw cm^?2 UV-B (R2) radiation under ambient growth conditions. Responses differed per species and per treatment. In Luffa all values increased compared to the Control in both treatments, except for stomatal conductance in R2. In Trichosanthes photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency increased, while the transpiration rates decreased under both treatments, and stomatal conductance was lower in R1. In Dioscorea photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency decreased under both treatments, while the transpiration rates and stomatal conductance increased. The results suggested that to some extent increased UV-B radiation was beneficial to the growth of L. cylindrica and T. kirilowii, but detrimental to D. opposita.