伯乐树科及其近缘科的花粉形态研究

本文观察了伯乐树科、省沽油科、牛栓藤科、七叶树科、无患子科、罂粟科,共6科、17属、21种植物的花粉形态。依据花粉资料,探讨了伯乐树科的系统位置。认为伯乐树科与无患子目中牛栓藤科关系较为密切。牛栓藤科较为进化,伯乐树科较为原始。与无患子目中其他一些科关系不明显。伯乐树科与罂粟科、豆科中云实亚科的花粉形态有某些相似,而伯乐树科较为进化。与辣木科、白花菜科花粉形态较少相似。     

中国无患子科的地理分布

无患子科是一个乏热带分布科,全世界有１４４属,１６８０种,本文着重阐述：１．无患子科的分类系统及演化;２．世界无患子科的地理分布;３．中国无患子科的地理分布;４．无患子科的早期化地点及散布途径。结果表明无患子科现代分布变异中心在亚洲（印度－马西亚）－非洲－南美洲。中国无患子科有２５属,５４种,特有成分外,均与印度一马来西亚共有,大多数位于分布区的边缘。根据化石记录及现代及分布推断,无患子科可能在白     

Flavonoids from Dodonaea viscosa

An investigation of Dodonaea viscosa afforded a new flavonoid having an isoprenoid side chain along with the seven known flavonoids: 5-hydroxy-3,6,     

Oleanolic glycosides from Pometia ridleyi

Six triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the stem bark of Pometia ridleyi along with two known saponins, acutoside A and calenduloside C. Their structures were established using one- and two-dimensional NMR and mass spectrometry as 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-, 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-, 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-oleanolic acid. The EtOH and EtOAc extracts of the stem bark showed no cytotoxic activity. At a concentration of 23 microg/ml, the saponin mixture showed haemolytic activity and caused 50% haemolysis of a 10% suspension of sheep erythrocytes.     

无患子属的化学成分及研究进展

本文介绍了无患子科无患子属植物近年来在化学成分及应用方面的研究进展。     

Haemolytic acylated triterpenoid saponins from Harpullia austro-caledonica

Eight new acylated triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the stem bark of Harpullia austro-caledonica along with the known harpuloside (9). Their structures were established using 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometry as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylbarringtogenol C (1), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloyl barringtogenol C (2), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylbarringtogenol C (3), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylprotoaescigenin (4), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloyl protoaescigenin (5), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylprotoaescigenin (6), 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylprotoaescigenin (7), 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-21 beta, 22 alpha-di-O-angeloylprotoaescigenin (8). The EtOH extract of the stem bark showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against KB cells (90% at 10 microg/ml). At a concentration of 5 microg/ml, the saponin mixture showed haemolytic activity and caused 100% haemolysis of a 10% suspension of sheep erythrocytes.     

Averrhoidium dalyi (Sapindaceae): a new species from western Amazonia

The present paper describes and illustrates the new speciesAverrhoidium dalyi and provides a key to the species ofAverrhoidium. The new species is known from lowland, terra firme forest in the Purus River basin, in Acre, Brazil, and from Manu National Park in Madre de Dios, Peru.

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Resumen  En el presente artículo se describe, discute e ilustra la nueva especieAverrhoidium dalyi coleccionada en la cuenca del Río Purus en el estado de Acre, Brasil y en el Parque Nacional del Manu en el departamento Madre de Dios, Peru. También en el presente se provee una clave para las especies deAverrhoidium.

     

Two new species of Serjania (Sapindaceae) from southeastern Brazil

One new species ofSerjania (S. erythrocaulis) belonging to theS. paradoxa group ofSerjania sect.Eurycoccus is described and illustrated bringing the total number of species in this group to eight. A second new species,Serjania divaricocca, belonging to sect.Serjania is also described and illustrated.

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Resumen  Una especie neuva deSerjania (S. erythrocaulis) perteneciente al grupoS. paradoxa de la secciónEurycoccus es descrita e ilustrada. Con esta especie, el numero total de especies conocidas para este grupo aumenta a ocho. Una segunda nueva especie,Serjania divaricocca, perteneciente a la secciónSerjania es también descrita e ilustrada.

     

A new lupene diol from Dodonaea attenuata

Lup-20(29)-ene-3β,11β-diol and lupeol have been isolated from Dodonaea attenuata A. Cunn. var. linearis Benth.