脾氨肽联合普米克令舒对小儿支气管哮喘的临床疗效及对CD4+, CD8+, IgE水平的影响

目的:分析脾氨肽联合普米克治疗小儿支气管哮喘的临床疗效及对患儿CD4~+、CD8~+、血清Ig E水平的影响。方法:选取我院2015年6月~2016年10月收治的支气管哮喘急性发作患儿88例,采用随机数字法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组各44例。所有患儿进行止咳化痰治疗,对照组患儿在此基础上采用雾化吸入普米克令舒混悬液,观察组患儿在对照组用药基础上加用脾氨肽口服冻干粉。比较两组患儿的临床疗效、症状消失时间、肺功能变化情况、住院时间及治疗前后CD4~+、CD8~+、CD 4~+/CD8~+及血清Ig E水平的变化。结果:观察组的治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.01)。治疗后,观察组的咳嗽、胸部哮鸣音、喘憋消失时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组(P0.01),FVC、FEV1及FEV/FVC、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+水平均显著高于对照组(P0.01),而血清Ig E浓度明显低于对照组(P0.01)。两组不良反应发生率及CD8~+水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:脾氨肽联合普米克令舒可显著提高小儿支气管哮喘的临床疗效,迅速改善患儿的临床症状及免疫功能,且安全性高。     

普米克都保联合沙丁胺醇对咳嗽变异性哮喘患儿的疗效分析

目的:探讨普米克都保联合沙丁胺醇对咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)患儿的疗效分析。方法:选取100例CVA患者,沙丁胺醇组(48例)给予沙丁胺醇联合用药组(52例)给予沙丁胺醇和普米克都保,观察并记录两组患者治疗后的疗效,咳嗽缓解及消失时间,治疗前后的用力肺活量(FVC),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气峰流速(PEF)及最大呼气中段流速(MMEF)等肺功能指标及随访1个月期间的不良反应,评价普米克都保联合沙丁胺醇对咳嗽变异性哮喘的疗效。结果:治疗后联合用药组有效率明显高于沙丁胺醇组(P0.05),联合用药组中有92.3%患者,沙丁胺醇组有72.9%患者咳嗽症状在2周内消失,治疗后联合用药组咳嗽缓解时间和消失时间明显短于沙丁胺醇组(P0.05)。治疗前后,两组在FVC,FEVl,PEF上相比,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗前,两组MMEF水平均明显低于体检健康者(P0.05),其他肺功能指标与体检健康者相比,无统计学差异(P0.05)。治疗后联合用药组MMEF明显高于治疗前,且高于沙丁胺醇组(P0.05)。沙丁胺醇组治疗前后MMEF未出现明显变化(P0.05)。随访1个月期间,两组不良反应率相比,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:普米克都保联合沙丁胺醇能对CVA具有较好的治疗作用,能缩短咳嗽症状消失时间,改善患儿肺功能,值得临床推广使用。     

Droplet aerodynamics,cellular uptake,and efficacy of a nebulizable corticosteroid nanosuspension are superior to a micronized dosage form

Inhaled corticosteroids are considered to be an effective prophylactic against the morbid symptoms of several lung diseases, but scope remains for improvement in drug delivery technology to benefit bioavailability and treatment compliance. To ascertain whether dosage form might influence bioavailability, the emission characteristics and efficacy of a nanoparticulate budesonide formulation (Nanagel®) were compared with those of a proprietary micronized suspension (Pulmicort®) when delivered as a nebulized aerosol to human airway epithelial cells in a culture model. Having the visual appearance of a clear solution, Nanagel® was delivered by both jet and vibrating mesh nebulizers as an increased fine particle fraction and with a smaller mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) compared to the micronized suspension. Quantitative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of cultured epithelia one hour after treatment with Nanagel® revealed a significantly greater cellular accumulation of budesonide when compared with Pulmicort® for an equivalent dose, a differential which persisted 24 and 48 h later. A quantitative in vitro assay measuring the activity of enzymes involved in superoxide production revealed that stressed HaCaT cells (a long‐lived, spontaneously immortalized human keratinocyte line) treated with Nanagel® continued to show significantly greater attenuation of inflammatory response compared with Pulmicort®‐treated cells 24 h after the application of an equivalent budesonide dose. The present in vitro findings suggest that formulation of inhalable drugs such as budesonide as aerosolized nanoparticulate, rather than microparticulate, suspensions can enhance bioavailability with concomitant improvements in efficacy. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012