Betulachrysoquinone hemiketal: A p-benzoquinone hemiketal macrocyclic compound produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Betulachrysoquinone hemiketal was isolated from pre-extracted wood of Betula lutea Michx. inoculated with Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burds. Acid-catalysed hydrolysis of betulachrysoquinone hemiketal produced betulachrysoquinone which was shown to be 2-hydroxy-6-(13′-hydroxytetradecanyl)-p-benzoquinone.     

Effects of Forest Use on Aphyllophoraceous Fungal Community Structure in Sarawak, Malaysia

Aphyllophoraceous fungi are expected to reflect changes in the environmental conditions caused by forest use. To reveal the effects of forest uses on the fungal community structure, we performed a 3‐month survey of aphyllophoraceous species in five forest types (undisturbed primary forest, isolated patches of primary forest, old and young fallow forest, and rubber plantations) in Sarawak, Malaysia in 2005. We used a canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to reveal the relationships between fungal community composition and the environmental variables (canopy openness, soil water potential, amount and composition of coarse woody debris, litter mass, basal area, plant species composition). A total of 155 samples from 67 species were collected during the study period. The fungal species density represented by the number of species in a transect differed significantly among forest types. The fungal species density increased significantly with increasing number of pieces of coarse woody debris (CWD), but decreased significantly with increasing the scores of second axis of principal component analysis (PCA) for plant species composition. In the CCA ordination, automatic forward selection revealed that only the number of pieces of CWD significantly affected the fungal species composition. The occurrences of Flabellophora licmophora, Coriolopsis retropicta, Microporus vernicipes, and Amauroderma subrugosum were positively correlated with the number of pieces of CWD. Our study clearly demonstrated that forest use negatively affected aphyllophoraceous fungal diversity and suggest that the quantity of CWD would be an important determinant of fungal diversity and composition.     

Una Polyporacea rara: Trametes ljubarskyi Pilàt,primo ritrovamento in Italia. VII

Abstract

A rare polypore: Trametes ljubarskyi Pilàt, new to Italy. VII. - The presence of Trametes ljubarskyi Pil. (Polyporaceae) is reported for the first time in Italy.     

Aphyllophorales Della Riserva Naturale Integrale di Sasso Fratino (Forlì), Italia

Abstract

The author deals with the results of a research on the presence of Aphyllophorales in Sasso Fratino Forest, an Integral Natural Reserve, inside the Foreste Casentinesi National Park. The research started in 1987 and till now 171 wood-inhabiting species have been collected. Some of them are new to the Italian mycoflora: Antrodiella fissiliformis, Ceriporia alachuana, Laeticorticium meridioroseum, Parvobasidium cretatum, Pycnoporellus fulgens, while some other must be considered very rare species in Italy: Ganoderma carnosum, Lobulicium occultum, Stereum insignitum, Trechispora echynocystis.     

Distribution of styrylpyrones in the basidiocarps of various Hymenochaetaceae

Styrylpyrones were found to be restricted, among Aphyllophorales, to the Hymenochaetaceae s.s. (lacking asterosetae) and, athough lacking in some representatives, are thus an important characteristic of this family in the same way as the hymenial setae. Three main patterns were encountered corresponding to three major taxonomical divisions: hispidin alone (Phaeolus); hispidin with hymenoquinone (Hymenochaete); and hispidin with dimers (other poroid genera). Among the polypores of this family, styrylpyrones do not allow a clear-cut distinction between genera, but some infrageneric groups are readily characterized.     

Osservazioni sull'ambiente e tipologia estiva del fitoplancton e fitobentos lungo il litorale di Tropea (Calabria). Secondo contributo

Abstract

Environment studies and summer typology of the phytoplankton and phytobenthos along the Tropea coast (Calabria). II.—In this work the results are related of a study on the sea environment and the planktonic and benthonic algae, which were collected along the coast between Capo Vaticano and Briatico (Calabria—Tyrrenian Sea). This study is the continuation of a previous research.     

湖北省后河自然保护区的多孔菌(英文)

通过对湖北省后河自然保护区多孔菌调查采样,鉴定出隶属于31个属的62种多孔菌,并列出名录。全部种类均为该保护区首次报道。其中,苹果薄孔菌、白黄小薄孔菌、紧密蜡孔菌、干环褶孔菌、长囊锐孔菌、淡黄针层孔菌、淡黄裂孔菌、白干皮孔菌和薄皮干酪菌是该地区的常见种类。后河自然保护区多孔菌主要是世界广布种和温带种类,少数亚热带种类如亚拉巴马全缘孔菌、纸全缘孔菌和拟浅孔大孔菌等也有出现。     

Orientation of specialist and generalist fungivorous ciid beetles to host and non-host odours

Most ciids (Ciidae) are strict fungivores specialized on fruit bodies of wood‐rotting fungi. The Ciidae includes both specialist and generalist species. Recent evidence suggests that ciids locate and discriminate their potential hosts based mainly on fungal odours. In this study, we investigated the field distribution of ciids in a local woodland near Bath, U.K. We also evaluated experimentally the behavioural responses of ciids to host and non‐host fungi in an olfactometer, and explored potential differences in putative aroma compounds in host fungi. Our field data showed that Octotemnus glabriculus, Cis boleti and Cis nitidus have preference for one host species, whereas C. bilamellatus has no preference. The experimental evidence was in accordance with the field observations. The specialists O. glabriculus, C. boleti and C. nitidus were specifically attracted to odour compounds of their preferred host fungi: Coriolus versicolor for the first two beetles and Ganoderma adspersum for the latter one. By contrast, the generalist C. bilamellatus was attracted to odours from C. versicolor, G. adspersum and Piptoporus betulinus. The evidence from this and other published studies suggest that ciids depend mainly on fruit body odours for location and discrimination of their host fungi. In accordance with this, we observed diffierential behavioural responses of ciids to aroma compounds of host and non‐host species.     

江苏紫金山的多孔菌

2003年7月、10月,2004年10月和2005年6月在中国江苏省南京紫金山采集木腐菌标本157号,此外,还研究了其它标本馆保存的采于同地的木腐菌标本,经鉴定发现多孔菌67种,本文报道了这些多孔菌名录,并根据采样列出了每种的寄主,其中绝大多数种类为该地区首次报道,47种为江苏新记录种,Ceriporialacerata为中国新记录种,根据中国的标本材料对其进行了详细描述。紫金山的多孔菌主要是温带广布种,也有一些热带或亚热带种类分布。     

Aphyllophorales della Pineta di is Arenas (Oristano)

Abstract

L'autore riferisce sui primi ritrovamenti di Aphyllophorales ad Is Arenas, pineta litoranea che si estende sulla costa occidentale della Sardegna, in provincia di Oristano. Le specie segnalate sono 48 e tra queste: Crustoderma dryinum (Berk. & Curt.) Parm., Hyphoderma malençonii (Manjón & Moreno) Manjón, Moreno & Hjortstam, Peniophora tamaricicola Boid. & Malençon, Phanerochaete magnoliae (Berk. & Curt.) Burds., Thanatephorus cucumeris (A.B. Frank) Donk, sono risultate nuove per la micoflora italiana.