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中暑是基层医院常见内科急症,近年来随着防暑降温等劳动保护措施的进一步完善,中暑的发病率有了明显下降,重症中暑昏迷已不多见,故较易造成误诊。我院自1990年以来收治重症中暑昏迷者14例,现分析报道如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料14例昏迷患者中,男性12... 相似文献
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在20只麻醉的杂种狗身上对高温中暑时产生循环衰竭的机制进行了探讨。对照组当直肠温度升至41℃以上时,心搏量与心输出量明显降低(P<0.05)。但在40.5℃静脉注射纳洛酮的动物,41℃时的心搏量与心输出量却明显增加(P<0.05),同时中心静脉压较对照组下降得更多,平均动脉压在注射后稍有升高。此外,在对照组的6只动物上于体温38℃与42.5℃时,分别测定了血清钠与钾的浓度。血清钠增加36.3±12.32mg%(P<0.05),血清钾增加6.3±1.61mg%(P<0.01)。结果提示;高温中暑时的循环衰竭可能与β—内啡肽有关;在体温42℃以上时出现的心律不齐,可能与血清钾升高有关。 相似文献
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热性发热兔血浆脂多糖(LPS)浓度与生理反应的变化 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
在干球温度42℃、湿球温度35℃、相对湿度60%条件下,测定了24只热暴露兔[分为肛温维持43℃(Ⅰ)组和肛温持续上升(Ⅱ)组]的心率、平均动脉压、呼吸频率、肛温及血浆LPS浓度等指标。结果显示:(1)Ⅰ、Ⅱ组当Tr升达43℃,热暴露时间分别为100min、60min时,血浆LPS浓度分别为0.195ng/ml、0.180ng/ml,与实验前比,P<0.05。两组临死前,热暴露时间分别为220min、120min(Ⅱ组Tr44.15℃)时,其血浆LPS浓度分别为0.285ng/ml、0.249ng/ml,P<0.01;(2)Tr43℃和临死前两阶段LPS的上升速率,Ⅰ组分别为0.00066ng/min和0.00067ng/min,Ⅱ组分别为0.00083ng/min和0.00113ng/min;(3)动物受热过程,Tr升至43℃时,HR和MAP达峰值水平,而呼吸频率则开始下降。本文结果提示,LPS在中暑的病理生理学过程中可能是一个值得重视的因素 相似文献
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Although molecular mechanisms of heat stroke under physiological and pathological conditions have not yet been elucidated, a novel disease-associated gene encoding a calcium-binding protein, calsequestrin-1 (CASQ1), was suggested relevant based on results from a transgenic murine model. Here, we show the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CASQ1 and physiological parameters for heat stroke from a study involving 150 patients. Pooled DNA from heat stroke patients were subjected to sequencing and 3 SNPs were identified. Genotypes were assigned for all patients according to g. 175A 〉 G, one SNP which leads to a nonsynonymous sub- stitution (N59D) in the first exon of human CASQ1 gene. We analyzed the genotypic data with a linear model based on significance scores between SNP (175A 〉 G) and heat stroke parameters. As a result, we found a significant association between SNP A175G and heat stroke (P ~ 0.05). Further bioinformatics analysis of the 1-Mb flanking sequence revealed the presence of two genes that encode DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 8 (DCAF8), and peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19 (PEX19), respectively, which might be functionally related to CASQ1. Our results showed that the blood calcium of patients with allele D increased significantly, compared to patients with allele N (P 〈 0.05), which may result from the decreased calcium in muscle, suggesting that N59D in CASQ1 might account for the dysfunction of CASQ1 in calcium regulation during heat stroke. 相似文献
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Because of the aggressive threaten of heat stroke and a lack of understanding of the mechanism of action, mammal animal models for experimental heat stroke were well developed. During the past 5 decades, anesthetized mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, baboon and monkey were used as animal model for experimental heat stroke. However, anesthetized mammals models have some limitations, such as neuroprotective effect of anesthetic agents, possible disturbance on injury and recovery of stroke animals by anesthetic agents, difficulty of discussing animal behavior before and after heat stroke, it was also difficult for the models to evaluate cognitive function of animal under hot environment. Considering humanitarian, only awaked and unrestrained mouse heat stroke model was accepted so far. Therefore, we also developed an awaked and unrestrained rat heat stroke model, and found it was helpful to evaluate drug effectiveness for animal behavior and cognitive function under hot environment. 相似文献
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目的 探讨沙漠干热环境下中暑对大鼠心肌损伤的影响.方法 48只雄性SD大鼠随机平均分成6组:沙漠干热环境轻度中暑组及其常温对照组,中度中暑组及其常温对照组,重度中暑组及其常温对照组,然后将3个实验组大鼠分别置于干热环境(温度:41℃,湿度:10%),3个对照组大鼠置于常温环境(温度:25℃,湿度35%)中,在建立沙漠干热环境中暑大鼠后,干热环境组及其对照组分别在实验开始70 min (轻度中暑)、110 min (中度中暑)、145 min (重度中暑)被处死并取材.用全自动生化检测仪检测大鼠血清心肌酶CK(磷酸肌酸激酶)、CK-MB(肌酸激酶同工酶)、LDH(乳酸脱氢酶)的变化,用HE染色观察心肌病理学变化,用电子显微镜观察心肌超微结构变化.结果 干热中暑各组大鼠血清心肌酶CK、CK-MB、LDH较常温对照各组显著升高(P〈0.05),干热组CK、CK-MB、LDH均随中暑程度加重而升高,其中CK和LDH的轻度中暑组与中度中暑或重度中暑组比较差异具有显著性(P〈0.05),但中度中暑组与重中暑度组比较差异无显著性(P&gt;0.05);干热中暑组CK-MB各个组间比较差异均有显著性(P〈0.05);HE染色结果提示:干热中暑组心肌组织早期即心肌间血管明显出现扩张充血、出血,随热暴露时间延长充血、出血现象逐渐加重,常温对照组未见异常.电子显微镜结果显示:干热环境组心肌细胞部分肌丝紊乱断裂、溶解,Z线模糊消失,线粒体肿胀,线粒体基膜不清晰,见空泡形成,部分毛细血管内皮细胞增生,并随热暴露时间延长,心肌细胞损伤逐渐加重.结论 沙漠干热环境可造成大鼠心肌损伤,并随热暴露时间的延长及中暑程度的加重而损伤逐渐加重.提示沙漠干热环境下中暑的治疗应注意加强心肌损伤的保护. 相似文献
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急性热暴露大白鼠肝线粒体氧化磷酸化的变化 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
体温调节与能量代谢有密切关系。本文讨论了能量代谢中氧化磷酸化的变化与体温升高的关系。 实验方法是将体重180~230克重大白鼠随机分成六组。其中五个组在环境温度40℃、相对湿度60%的条件下进行热暴露,另一个组为常温对照组。热暴露的动物在体温分别达到预定的39、40、41、42、43℃时,剪头杀死,迅速取出肝组织,立即分离提取肝线粒体,并测定其呼吸活性、ATP酶活性、白发膨胀速度等指标。随体温的增加,呼吸控制率下降。正常体温是6.85±0.16,41℃时是6.37±0.09,42℃是5.98±0.27,43℃是5.44±0.22。呼吸态2氧耗量随体温的增加而增加。ATP酶活力也随体温的升高而增加。在正常体温时是0.104±0.008微克分子Pi/毫克蛋自/30分钟,在40、41、42、43℃时分别为0.141±0.019、0.160±0.027、0.149±0.010、0.264±0.068微克分子Pi/毫克蛋白/30分钟。 结果说明,体温升高的大白鼠肝线粒体发生了氧化磷酸化解偶联,发生解偶联显著变化的动物体温是41~42℃。发生解偶联的原因可能是由于线粒体功能发生障碍或膜损伤所致。 相似文献
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阿司匹林对中暑休克大鼠的保护及抗疲劳作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究旨在探讨阿刮匹林是否可以通过降低中暑休克大鼠的白介素-β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)水平从而发挥抗中暑休克作用。研究包括:(1)预先给产阿刊匹林对人鼠中暑休克的影响;(2)特异性一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)抑制剂氨基胍(aminoguanidine,AG)对人鼠中暑休克的影响;(3)预先给予阿司匹林对清醒大鼠抗高温疲劳的影响。通过将大鼠置于仿真模拟高温气候舱接受环境离温(环境温度41℃,相对湿度65%)热暴露以诱导中暑休克,建立中暑休克动物模型。实验(1)和(2)分别将大鼠随机分为对照组和阿司匹林处理组,或对照组和AG组,记录热暴露过程中平均动脉压(mean arterial blood pressure,MAP),结肠温度(colonic temperature,Tco),心电图(electrocardiograph,ECG),检测血浆IL-1β或NO浓度。实验(3)将对照组和阿司匹林处理组清醒大鼠置于水温41℃的水箱中,自由游泳,记录生存时间。结果显示,预先给予阿司匹林对大鼠中暑休克形成后血压下降有显著的抑制作用并延长生存时间,抑制血浆IL-1β升高的程度,但对体温变化没有显著影响。预先给予阿司匹林显著延长清醒大鼠在高温疲劳条件下生存时间。AG可以抑制中暑休克形成后大鼠MAP下降并显著延长大鼠生存时间,而且可以显著抑制热暴露后大鼠血浆NO浓度上升,但对大鼠热暴露后体温变化没有显著影响。结果提示,IL-1β可能通过诱导iNOS降低外剧血管张力从而参与中暑休克形成,预防性给予抗炎剂量阿司匹林可能对中暑休克出现的血压降低有一定的保护,同时增强对高温及疲劳耐受性,这种影响可能是通过对IL-1β以及局部iNOS的抑制而实现的。 相似文献