Reactivation and Dedifferentiation of Differentiated Murine Erythroleukemic Cell Nuclei

A murine erythroleukemic cell line, 745 A4-TG, deficient in hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl transferase, can be induced with 3 mM hexamethylene bisacetamide to yield at least 50% of cells undergoing irreversible erythroid differentiation and finally losing capacity for cell divisions. The effects of such induced differentiation of 745 A4-TG on its ability to form viable and proliferating hybrids when fused with 3T3 1T22 fibroblasts were investigated. We found that when the induced 745 A4-TG cells were used, more continuously proliferating hybrids were obtained than could be accounted for by the residual uninduced cells which remained in these induced preparations. This suggests that some of the induced 745 A4-TG cells, when fused with 3T3 1T22 reverted from the induced phenotype of a limited capacity for cell proliferation to an uninduced state of continuous proliferation. This observation was further confirmed with the use of fully differentiated 745 A4-TG cells, which were obtained after selection with a bromodeoxyuridine suicide treatment to eliminate the uninduced and the partially differentiated cells in the preparations. When these selected, fully differentiated cells, as characterized by their lack of proliferation capacity and thymidine kinase activity, were fused with 3T3 1T22 (also deficient in thymidine kinase), it was found that not only were viable hybrid colonies obtained in a selection medium, which precluded the proliferation of either parental cells, but these hybrids continued to proliferate for more than two months in selection medium. These data thus confirmed that some fully differentiated erythroleukemic nucleus components in the hybrids were reactivated to regain capacity for cell proliferation and to dedifferentiate to synthesize thymidine kinase for survival in the selection medium. The lack of hemoglobin synthesis by these hybrids also indicates dedifferention of these murine erythroleukemic components in the hybrids.     

Formin-like 1 (FMNL1) Is Regulated by N-terminal Myristoylation and Induces Polarized Membrane Blebbing

The formin protein formin-like 1 (FMNL1) is highly restrictedly expressed in hematopoietic lineage-derived cells and has been previously identified as a tumor-associated antigen. However, function and regulation of FMNL1 are not well defined. We have identified a novel splice variant (FMNL1γ) containing an intron retention at the C terminus affecting the diaphanous autoinhibitory domain (DAD). FMNL1γ is specifically located at the cell membrane and cortex in diverse cell lines. Similar localization of FMNL1 was observed for a mutant lacking the DAD domain (FMNL1ΔDAD), indicating that deregulation of autoinhibition is effective in FMNL1γ. Expression of both FMNL1γ and FMNL1ΔDAD induces polarized nonapoptotic blebbing that is dependent on N-terminal myristoylation of FMNL1 but independent of Src and ROCK activity. Thus, our results describe N-myristoylation as a regulative mechanism of FMNL1 responsible for membrane trafficking potentially involved in a diversity of polarized processes of hematopoietic lineage-derived cells.     

研究生高级微生物学课程教学改革与实践初探?

从研究生"高级微生物学"课程的定位、研究生学习该课程的目的、知识背景差异及教学过程中的问题等方面分析了目前研究生"高级微生物学"教学中存在的问题。通过教学内容的优化、教材建设、教学方法改革、师资队伍建设以及建立师生交流平台等方面进行教学改革实践,取得了较好的教学效果。     

鄱阳湖生态经济区生态系统服务价值预测与驱动力

鄱阳湖生态经济区是我国第一个上升到国家战略的生态经济区。利用鄱阳湖生态经济区2004、2008、2012、2016年的MODIS数据,获得4个对应期的土地利用/覆盖数据,参照修订的单位面积生态系统服务价值当量表与灰色GM(1,1)模型,预测了2016-2024年(间隔2 a)的生态系统服务价值数据,并对引起生态服系统务价值变化的驱动力进行了分析。结果表明,鄱阳湖生态经济区在2004-2016年间,草地、建设用地和未利用地面积增加,耕地、林地、水域面积减少,但2016-2024年的预测值变化率仅为-0.17%,表明该研究区生态系统服务价值即将进入一个相对稳定的状态;驱动力分析表明,人为综合干扰在空间分布上以中等影响强度干扰为主,城镇化率是区域总生态系统服务价值降低的首要驱动力,其次分别为非农业人口、人口密度、第一产业GDP、第二产业GDP、固定资产投资额、总GDP及第三产业GDP。建议加强土地利用规划与调控,控制城镇化建设用地扩展,调整产业结构、降低污染,促进鄱阳湖生态经济区总生态系统服务价值的提升。     

Lipidomic changes during different growth stages of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima

Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray ionization-Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF–MS) is a powerful lipidomic tool. In this study, we developed a UPLC/Q-TOF–MS based method to investigate the lipid metabolomic changes in different growth phases of Nitzschia closterium f. minutissima. The data classification and biomarker selection were carried out by using multivariate statistical analysis, including principal components analysis (PCA), projection to latent structures with discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal projection to latent structures with discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). We discovered that the intercellular lipid metabolites were significantly different among exponential, early stationary and late stationary phases. Thirty-one lipid molecules were selected and identified as putative biomarkers, including free fatty acid, Harderoporphyrin, phosphatidylglycerol, 1,2-diacyglycerl-3-O-4′-(N,N-trimethy)-homoserine, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, lyso-sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol and lyso-digalactosyldiacylglycerol. These lipids have been shown previously to function in energy storage, membrane stability and photosynthesis efficiency during the growth of diatoms. Further analysis on the putative biomarkers demonstrated that nitrate starvation played critical role in the transition from exponential phase to stationary phase in N. closterium. This study is the first one to explore the lipidomic changes of microalgae in different growth phases, which promotes better understanding of their physiology and ecology.     

西伯利亚蝗辣病毒超微结构和发育及DNA特性

为寻找新的生物治蝗措施 ,采用显微镜和生化方法 ,对 1992年从新疆木垒县西伯利亚蝗上分离的一株痘病毒 (Gomphocerussibiricusentomopoxvirus,GsEPV)的超微结构、发育循环和DNA特性进行了研究 ,结果表明 :该病毒的包含体为球形 ,最大直径约 6 90 μm ,最小直径约 3 95 μm ,平均为 5 33μm。脂肪体超薄切片中的病毒粒子呈椭圆形 ,大小为 2 6 7nm× 10 3nm。病毒粒子髓核折叠成 2～ 3折 ,其横切面呈圆形 ,中间有 3～ 4个电子非致密的圆点。GsEPV主要感染寄主脂肪体。接种后 15～ 2 0天包含体大量形成 ,此时已没有游离病毒粒子存在 ,发育同步 ,并且比其它痘病毒发育周期短。GsEPV -DNA经三种限制性内切酶 HindⅢ、BglⅡ和 EcoRⅠ酶解后分别得到2 0、17和 2 9条片段 ,其分子量分别为 15 5 37× 10 6D ,15 6 45× 10 6D和 15 6 79× 10 6D ,平均为 15 5 37× 10 6D。与已报道的蝗虫痘病毒进行比较 ,这些痘病毒可分为二种类型 :一种包含体为圆形的 ;另一种为椭圆形。形态相似的包含体病毒髓核结构相似 ,分子量也在一个范围内 ,具有椭圆形包含体的痘病毒如OaEPV、CiEPV、MsEPV、AcEPV和PnEPV ,其病毒粒子中DNA链折叠较少 (1～ 2折 ) ,分子量也较小 ,通常在 12 5× 10 6D范围 ;而具有圆形包含体的痘病毒     

小麦植物铁载体分泌基因的染色体定位

采用室内控制生长条件的营养液培养技术,通过检测缺铁条件下２０个中国春的Ｈｏｐｅ染色体代换系及其亲本中国春和Ｈｏｐｅ小麦植物铁载本分泌的动态变化规律以及植物铁载体分泌高峰期内５次测定值的汇总资料,对六倍体小麦ＰＳ分泌基因进行染色体定位。ＰＳ分泌率通过根分泌物对新形成的Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３的活化能力进行测定,在缺铁症出现时每隔２,３天测定１次,随着缺铁失绿症严重程度的增加,ＰＳ分泌率呈现迅速增高再逐渐降低的     

Mechanism of selective stabilization of extrinsic polypeptides in PSII particles by glycinebetaine

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