A determinant of polyomavirus virulence enhances virus growth in cells of renal origin.

We have identified a strain of polyomavirus, Py(L), which is unusual in causing acute morbidity and early death after inoculation of newborn mice. We determined that these animals died of kidney failure associated with extensive, virus-mediated destruction of renal tissue. Interestingly, the Py(L) strain infects baby mouse kidney cell cultures more efficiently than do other strains.     

鸽血变虫（Haemoproteus columbae Kruse,1980）生活史研究

本文首次报告我国鸽血变虫的生活史。自然和人工感染实验证明虱蝇是其昆虫媒介。本虫的配子体进入虱蝇体内6—10天后完成孢子有性增殖。 实验观察了本虫在鸽体内无性增殖期的形态、部位及在末梢血液中配子体的发育过程,并证明其潜隐期(prepatent period)为28—30天。 本工作亦对羽虱体腔中的卵囊和子孢子作了描述,提示羽虱也可能是本虫的媒介昆虫,有待今后研究证实。     

九种罕见的人类染色体异常核型报告

ReportonNineRareSpeciesofHumanChromosomalAbnormalKaryotypesHanWeitian;QuOu;YuPing;JiangMiao(LiaoningResearchInstituteofFamilyPlanning,Shenyang110031)自1983年以来,我们对数千例不育及胚胎丢失等生殖异常患者进行细胞遗传学研究,发现大量异常染色体核型,而且异常种类繁多,已报道世界首报人类异常核型25种[1]。最近,在不良妊娠患者中又发现9种异常核型,经湖南医科大学医学细胞遗传学国家培训中心鉴定,为世界首次报道．现报告如下。1病例摘要及核型例1男,30岁,表型及智力正常,其妻子妊娠两次,均在无任何诱因情…     

Yeast Mutants That Produce a Novel Type of Ascus Containing Asci Instead of Spores

Tetraploid yeast cells lacking BFR1 or overexpressing an essential gene BBP1 produce a novel type of ascus that contains asci instead of spores. We show here that the asci within an ascus likely arise because a/α spores undergo a second round of meiosis. Cells depleted of Bbp1p or lacking Bfr1p are defective in a number of processes such as nuclear segregation, bud formation, cytokinesis and nuclear spindle formation. Furthermore, deletion of BFR1 or overexpression of BBP1 leads to an increase in cell ploidy, indicating that Bfr1p and Bbp1p play roles in both the mitotic cell cycle and meiosis. Bfr1p and Bbp1p interact with each other in a two hybrid assay, further suggesting that they might form a complex important for cell cycle coordination.     

腺苷转运体亲和层析分离

本文合成了一种腺苷亲和层析凝胶,并采用亲和层析法从牛脑细胞膜上分离出了几种膜上结合的腺苷结合蛋白质。这些蛋白质在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ电泳凝胶上为单一或主要的蛋白带,分子量分别为６４ｋｄ,４５ｋｄ,３５ｋｄ。腺苷转运体抑制剂潘生丁和ＮＢＭＰＲ对６４ｋｄ蛋白与＾３ｈ－腺苷的结合抑制作用远强于腺苷受体的激动剂ＮＥＣＡ和Ｒ－ＰＩＡ;这表明６４ｋｄ蛋白为牛脑细胞膜上结合的腺苷转运体。     

湿地松木质部和针叶松脂合成基因分析

为挖掘湿地松(Pinus elliottii)松脂合成相关的基因,对不同采脂期的木质部和针叶进行高通量转录组测序,与火炬松(Pinus taeda)参考基因组进行比对,共获得了68 211条unigenes,546 356 450条clean reads,平均比对率达90.21%。将不同时期木质部、木质部与针叶间进行两两对比,以P＜0.05,|log₂FoldChange|＞1.0为标准来筛选差异基因,并进行GO和KEGG富集分析。结果表明,参与萜类物质合成的差异基因有133个,其中大部分富集在MEP途径,从差异基因中挑选8个产脂相关的候选基因进行RT-qPCR验证,确定HMGR、DXS、TPS、ABC转运蛋白基因与产脂存在关联性。通过转录组测序与分析,挖掘出133个参与松脂萜类物质合成相关的差异基因,其中萜烯合酶基因(TPS)和ABC转运基因在正调控萜类物质合成中发挥关键作用。     

Human Epidermal Melanocyte and Keratinocyte Melanocortin Receptors: Visualization by Melanotropic Peptide Conjugated Microspheres (Latex Beads)

The objectives of this research were to determine whether melanocortin receptors are characteristic (constant) membrane markers of human epidermal melanocytes. Methodologies were developed to visualize melanotropin receptors by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Multiple copies (up to a hundred) of [Nle⁴,D-Phe⁷]α-MSH, a superpotent analog of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), were conjugated to a macromo-lecular carrier (latex beads: microspheres). Incubation in the presence of the melanotropin-conjugated microspheres resulted in binding of human normal epidermal melanocytes to the beads. Almost every (possibly all) melanocyte possesses melanocortin receptors as visualized by SEM. Specificity of binding of the macromolecular conjugate was demonstrated by several studies: 1) Binding of melanocytes to the microspheres was specific since it could be blocked by prior incubation of the cells in the presence of the unconjugated hormone analog; 2) microspheres lacking bound ligand did not bind to the melanocytes; 3) micro-spheres that were first treated with reducing agents (e.g., dithiothreitol) did not subsequently bind to melanocytes; 4) another peptide hormone ligand (e.g., a substance-P analog) attached to the latex beads failed to bind to the cells; 5) B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells known to express melanocortin receptors bound to the microspheres; and 6) cells of nonmelanocyte origin (e.g., mammary cancer cells, small-cell lung cancer cells, fibroblasts) did not bind to the macromolecular conjugate. One exception was that human epidermal keratinocytes also expressed melanocortin receptors as determined by all the criteria established above for epidermal melanocytes. Thus, cell specific melanocortin receptors appear to be characteristic cell surface markers of epidermal melanocytes and keratinocytes.     

玉米种子萌发成苗不同阶段需水阈值的研究

用渗透势不同的聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）６０００模拟外界环境水分条件,对玉米不同品种的种子在萌动、萌发及成苗三个阶段需水的量化研究表明,种苗的抗旱性随吸水进程的推进而减弱;种子在萌动、萌发及胚芽伸长至一定长度的时间（ｔ）与外界环境水势（ｗ）之间存在着１／ｔ＝ａ＋ｂｗ的关系,据此推算出不同品种在不同成苗阶段的需水阈值,发现不同品种在同一成苗过程中对环境水分条件的反应不同,它们的抗旱性也不同。     

华溪蟹属三新种的描述（十足目：华溪蟹科）

本文描述了在中国江西、湖南及广东三省发现的华溪蟹属Sinopotmon三个新种:不等叶华溪蟹S.unaequum,sp.nov.,双叶华溪蟹S.bilobatum sp.nov.及南岭华溪蟹S.nanlingense SD.nov.     

High-mobility group and other nonhistone substrates for nuclear histoneN-acetyltransferase

A variety of nonhistone proteins and polyamines has been studied for their substrate activity for nuclear histone N-acetyltransferase. Nonhistone chromatin high-mobility group (HMG) proteins are found to be as good a substrate for the enzyme as histones. The enzyme also acetylates spermidine and spermine. However, protamine, bovine serum albumin, and ubiquitin are not substrates. Chymotryptic peptides of histone and HMGs retained about 64% of the substrate activity, but trypsin treatment reduced the substrate activity by more than 85%. Both N-acetyltransferase activities for HMGs and histones are copurified through salt extraction, polyethylene glycol fractionation, and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose columns, and a HPLC anionic-exchange column. The highly purified nuclear histone acetyltransferase shows similar optimal pH and ping-pong kinetics for both HMGs and histones. The Km for HMG is 0.25 mg/ml. HMGs are able to accept the acetyl group from isolated acetyl-enzyme intermediate. Denatured gel analysis shows that HMG 1 and HMG 2 are the major proteins acetylated. High salt concentrations, mononucleotides, and DNA, which inhibit histone substrate activity of the enzyme, also inhibit HMG substrate activity. These observations suggest that there is a major nuclear N-acetyltransferase which is responsible for the acetylation of both histones and HMGs and perhaps also of spermine and spermidine. Thus the regulation of the structure and function of chromatin through postsynthetic acetylation can be achieved by a single nuclear N-acetyltransferase.