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1.
通过常规石蜡切片技术对2例猫儿山小鲵(Hynobius maoershanens)肝进行组织学观察。结果显示,猫儿山小鲵肝分为两叶,右叶稍大于左叶。肝组织结构主要由被膜、中央静脉、门管区和肝细胞组成。门管区的小叶间静脉和小叶间胆管清晰可见,但小叶间动脉不易观察。肝内结缔组织少,肝小叶之间界限不清。肝细胞索围绕中央静脉呈放射状排列,但放射状不明显。肝实质中含有大量清晰可见的棕黑色色素团,可能与此物种对低氧环境的适应有关。  相似文献   

2.
利用常规解剖技术和生物显微技术观察了小熊猫Ailurus fulqens甲状腺的大体解剖和组织结构特征.结果表明,甲状腺可分为左右两侧叶,没有明显的峡部,呈"V"字形或倒"八"字形,位于气管上端两侧.甲状腺的实质主要由大小不等的滤泡、滤泡旁细胞、滤泡间结缔组织和血管、神经等结构所组成.大滤泡的壁由单层矮立方上皮或单层扁平上皮构成,而小滤泡的壁由单层低柱状上皮构成.滤泡旁细胞并不均匀地分布在腺实质内.在初生小熊猫的甲状腺内没有发现滤泡旁细胞.  相似文献   

3.
本文报告了一个分离同一个体中老年、青年肝实质细胞(Parenchy-mal cell)的方法,并利用S_1酶作探针研究了不同年龄肝实质细胞DNA的单链区多寡与细胞年龄的关系。 用胶原酶溶液灌注活体大白鼠肝脏得到游离肝实质细胞。用Percoll作密度梯度介质对同一个体大白鼠的肝实质细胞进行梯度离心分离,得到比重不同的两部分肝实质细胞。再用S_1酶分别降解不同比重肝实质细胞DNA中的单链区域。结果表明:比重较大的肝实质细胞DNA中所含的单链区较比重小的肝实质细胞DNA中的单链区为多。提示这种差异可能与肝实质细胞的年龄有关。用不同年龄大鼠的肝细胞作对比,也证明老年大白鼠肝实质细胞DNA的单链区较多。  相似文献   

4.
患者为两个月女婴。因纳差,腹部膨隆半月余就诊。超声显示肝脏体积明显增大,下界至脐下2.0cm。形态失常,肝包膜凹凸不平,实质回声不均匀,其内可探及多个大小不等的相对弱回声团块,边界清,内回声强弱不均,较大者位于尾状叶,约2.1×1.5 cm。肝内管道系统明显受压,走行异常,部分显示模糊(附图),胆总管门静脉未见明显异常。右肾明显后移。超声提示:肝大并肝内多发实性占位。病理诊断:肝母细胞瘤。  相似文献   

5.
摘要 目的:比较鼠尾胶与多聚赖氨酸对大鼠肝实质细胞体外培养的影响。方法:分别采用鼠尾胶与多聚赖氨酸包被同一块培养板,然后将从大鼠肝脏中分离出来的肝实质细胞,接种到包被好的培养板中。于接种前(0 h),接种后体外培养24 h、72 h显微镜下观察细胞贴壁与形态变化情况。结果:接种前(0 h)可见新鲜分离的肝实质细胞呈圆形,明亮,有立体感,轮廓完整,层次清楚;体外培养24 h后两种粘附剂包被的同一块培养板中,均可观察到肝实质细胞正常生长,且细胞形态由圆形转变为多角形,并且融合聚集,胞体变平整,贴壁情况区别不大;培养72 h后细胞间开始出现连接,大部分肝细胞呈现出双核或多核,并且多聚赖氨酸包被的培养板中可见大量肝细胞呈岛屿状,已完全贴壁于培养板上。结论:多聚赖氨酸作为包被材料更有利于肝实质细胞贴壁生长以及保持细胞固有形态。  相似文献   

6.
7.
为了解世界濒危物种、国家Ⅰ级保护野生动物赛加羚羊(Saiga tatarica)主要器官组织的结构特征,本研究利用石蜡组织切片技术,对1只因胎衣不下死亡的雌性成年赛加羚羊心、肝、脾、肺、肾的组织结构进行了观察。赛加羚羊心肌纤维发达,呈圆柱状,有分支,其胞核位于细胞边缘,各心肌纤维分支末端相互连接构成肌纤维网,闰盘明显。肝组织致密,间质少,肝小叶分界不清,切面呈不规则的多边形,肝细胞以中央静脉为中心呈放射状排列。脾的被膜较厚,脾小梁由被膜和脾门的结缔组织伸入脾实质形成,相互连接构成脾的粗支架;实质部分可明显分为白髓和红髓,白髓主要分布在脾内小动脉周围,其内部脾小结形状为圆形或椭圆形;红髓主要分布于白髓区周围,其内充满大量的红细胞。肺实质导气部主要可见细支气管和终末细支气管,其中,细支气管的管腔面富含纵行皱襞,黏膜上皮为假复层柱状纤毛上皮;呼吸部可见大量的肺泡管、肺泡囊和肺泡,肺泡结构清晰可见。肾为平滑单乳头肾,由被膜和实质构成,实质可明显分为皮质与髓质,皮质内可见大量肾小体和少量结缔组织。总体而言,与其他同类型反刍动物相比较,赛加羚羊各主要器官的组织结构未见有明显差异。  相似文献   

8.
用二乙基亚硝胺(DEN)诱发大鼠肝癌,取肝癌白色结节,0.25%胰酶消化,RPMI—1640培养基建系成功,共获13系肝癌细胞系,经反复传代(10代以上),细胞系均以肝实质瘤细胞和胆管上皮癌细胞为主,另外夹杂少量成纤维细胞。用PH7.2的PBS冲洗、75%酒精消毒流式细胞仪(FCM)后,纯化该细胞来.收集肝实质癌细胞系,用60Coγ射线辐照,剂量为800Rad和1000Rad,结果800Rad剂量使肝实质癌细胞生长受到明显抑制,细胞传代时间延长一倍,1000Rad剂量使细胞生长停止,不能再行传代。  相似文献   

9.
目的:研究肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现,提高对肝内胆管细胞癌的认识。方法:回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的26例肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现,并与手术结果对比分析。结果:肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现为低密度不规则肿块,边界欠清,增强扫描肿瘤边缘实质部分轻中度强化。增强扫描:动脉期无强化11例,轻度强化15例。延迟扫描26例均有不同程度延迟强化。结论:肝内胆管细胞癌的CT表现有一定的特征性,对于与肝内其他常见痛变的鉴别诊断有重要价值。  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨小蘖碱(Berberine)对游离脂肪酸(free fatty acids,FFAs)诱导的小鼠肝实质细胞脂肪变性的影响。方法:胶原酶灌注分离BALB/c小鼠原代肝实质细胞并体外培养。分对照组,高脂组,高脂加小蘖碱处理组。体外测定细胞内甘油三酯的含量。利用油红染色观察细胞的脂肪样变性。通过Western印迹法检测肝实质细胞内MAPK相关信号通路磷酸化的变化。实时定量PCR检测肝实质细胞中与脂肪化密切相关的mi R-122的表达和相关靶基因的表达改变。结果:与高脂组比较,小蘖碱处理组肝实质细胞内甘油三酯含量降低,脂肪颗粒减少,脂肪变性明显改善,并具有明显的剂量效应,小蘖碱能够抑制FFAs诱导的JNK通路磷酸化。Q-PCR结果表明小蘖碱能够促进肝实质细胞内mi R-122的表达,并降低脂肪化相关基因Dgat2的表达。结论:小蘖碱能够显著改善高脂诱发的肝脂肪变性,抑制JNK通路磷酸化,其机制可能同mi R-122通路相关。  相似文献   

11.
It is known that the bile canaliculus in the liver of almost all vertebrates is made up of membranes of two or more adjacent liver cells. Studying the liver cell ultrastructure of lasting and fed grass carp and silver carp, it was demonstrated that a bile canaliculus is formed by deep invagination of a cell membrane of one hepatocyte. The membrane forms microvilli along the bile canaliculus. The bile canaliculus is seen in the centre of liver cell cytoplasm on the cross section and stretches from the centre of the liver cell cytoplasm to the cell membrane on the longitudinal section. The bile canaliculus is connected with a small duct cell, which is distinct from a liver cell in its small size, little amount of cell organelles and the presence of cytoplasmic filaments. The terminal part of the biliary tract consists of one liver cell and one bile duct cell. The part of the tract adjacent to the terminal one is composed of two or three small bile duct cells devoid of basal membrane. Thus, the liver parenchyma is constituted of a net of numerous bile ducts. In the portal tract, there is a large bile duct, consisting of 12-13 bile duct cells, surrounded by basal membrane and connective tissue cells.  相似文献   

12.
应用自制的表皮角蛋白(EK)家兔抗体,对胚胎期及成年大白鼠的肝脏进行免疫细胞化学定位。结果表明,大白鼠肝脏内,肝细胞EK阴性,胆管上皮细胞EK明确阳性;大白鼠胚胎肝脏也显示出这种EK染色差别。随着肝内胆管上皮的形成,EK阳性物质在其胞浆内出现。作者认为,EK阳性物质的出现是肝内胆管上皮结构分化的结果。  相似文献   

13.
中国大鲵肝脏的超微结构   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
方展强 《四川动物》2006,25(2):228-230
应用透射电镜对中国大鲵的肝脏进行了超微结构研究.观察表明,大鲵肝不具肝小叶,与其他脊椎动物有所不同.肝细胞含有单个卵圆形的核;细胞质内含有粗面内质网、高尔基囊泡、线粒体、糖原颗粒和脂滴等细胞器和内含物.胆小管由两个相邻肝细胞质膜凹陷围成,而肝血窦则由内皮细胞的胞质构成.胆小管腔和窦周隙内浸润许多由肝细胞发出的微绒毛结构.还发现了枯否氏细胞和贮脂细胞.还讨论了中国大鲵肝脏的一般形态结构特点.  相似文献   

14.
杨丽丽  方展强 《四川动物》2012,31(2):274-277,282
应用光镜和透射电镜对繁殖期间唐鱼Tanichthys albonubes肝脏组织的显微和超微结构进行了观察。结果显示,唐鱼肝细胞具单核,中央核仁显著;细胞质内分布着粗面内质网、线粒体、糖原颗粒和脂滴等细胞器和内含物。胆小管由2~3个相邻肝细胞质膜凹陷围成,而肝血窦则由内皮细胞的胞质、成纤维细胞等参与构成。肝细胞与周边细胞通过3种不同方式进行联系:肝细胞之间的紧密连接;与血窦的间接连接;与胆小管的邻接。这些联系方式显示了肝脏具有内分泌腺和外分泌腺功能的特点。研究还发现雌性唐鱼肝脏具有"暗"细胞和"淡"细胞两种类型。本文还讨论了唐鱼肝脏与其他硬骨鱼类肝脏一般组织结构和超微结构的异同点。  相似文献   

15.
鳗鲡肝脏、脾脏显微与超微结构   总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27  
郭琼林  卢全章 《动物学报》1994,40(2):125-130
经光镜和电镜观察发现:鳗鲡肝脏的肝小叶不规则。肝细胞胞质内富含多种细胞器及包含物。胆小管由2—4个肝细胞围成,相邻肝细胞间有连接复合体封闭胆小管。肝血窦为有孔型、孔处无隔膜,内有巨噬细胞。窦周隙明显,未见贮脂细胞。肝细胞向胆小管腔与窦周隙面伸出许多指状微绒毛。脾脏内白髓中淋巴细胞聚集成群,未见明显脾小结、淋巴鞘。红髓由脾索与脾窦组成,动脉分支末端(壁厚的毛细血管)可开放于红髓,无明显巨噬细胞中心。脾窦及脾小动脉内皮细胞通常为长杆状、沿血管纵向平行排列。脾窦为有孔型,孔处可见薄的隔膜。脾小动脉内皮外为2—5层平滑肌(多数为纵行)。  相似文献   

16.
Y Zhang  Y He  RK Praseedom  S Zheng  J Dong  H Chen 《PloS one》2012,7(7):e40818
The animal model of the whole-size and reduced-size liver transplantation in both rat and mouse has been successfully established. Because of the difficulties and complexities in microsurgical technology, the animal model of dual liver transplantation was still not established for twelve years since the first human dual liver transplantation has been made a success. There is an essential need to establish this animal model to lay a basic foundation for clinical practice. To study the physiological and histopathological changes of dual liver transplantation, "Y" type vein from the cross part between vena cava and two iliac of donor and "Y' type prosthesis were employed to recanalize portal vein and the bile duct between dual liver grafts and recipient. The dual right upper lobes about 45-50% of the recipient liver volume were taken as donor, one was orthotopically implanted at its original position, the other was rotated 180° sagitally and heterotopically positioned in the left upper quadrant. Microcirculation parameters, liver function, immunohistochemistry and survival were analyzed to evaluate the function of dual liver grafts. No significant difference in the hepatic microcirculatory flow was found between two grafts in the first 90 minutes after reperfusion. Light and electronic microscope showed the liver architecture was maintained without obvious features of cellular destruction and the continuity of the endothelium was preserved. Only 3 heterotopically positioned graft appeared patchy desquamation of endothelial cell, mitochondrial swelling and hepatocytes cytoplasmic vacuolization. Immunohistochemistry revealed there is no difference in hepatocyte activity and the ability of endothelia to contract and relax after reperfusion between dual grafts. Dual grafts made a rapid amelioration of liver function after reperfusion. 7 rats survived more than 7 days with survival rate of 58.3.%. Using "Y" type vein and bile duct prosthesis, we successfully established a novel rat model of dual right upper liver lobe transplantation.  相似文献   

17.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allows the surface ultrastructure of intrahepatic cells and other tissue components of liver to be delineated. Excellent depth of focus of the SEM makes it possible to visualize surfaces of intact cells in their native configurations. This report details the surface characteristics and inter-relationships of hepatocytes and hepatic plates, sinusoidal endothelial cells and sinusoids, presumed Kupffer cells, vessels, bile ducts, connective tissue, and the capsule of rat liver. Hepatocytes present three structurally distinctive faces--the intercellular face containing flat surfaces and bile canaliculus, the sinusoidal face, and the connective tissue face which abuts portal tracts and hepatic veins. Sinusoidal endothelium is penetrated by large (1 to 3 mum) and small (0.1 mum) fenestrae, the latter occurring in clusters of up to 50. The width of bile canaliculi and distribution of large fenestrae vary proximodistally along hepatic plate or sinusoid. The cells of portal bile ductules contain microvilli located in linear rows and sparse cilia. Endothelium of hepatic artery and of portal vein is sparsely fenestrated.  相似文献   

18.
SUMMARY

IN the genera Barbus and Labeo of the family Cyprinidae there is a typical twolobed, cylindrical swimbladder: a shorter anterior and a longer posterior lobe, connected by an isthmus. The pneumatic duct passes from the anteroventral end of the posterior lobe to the oesophagus. In the genus Labeo two spiral bands encircle the posterior lobe twice. No rete mirabile, nor any indication of a gas gland, was observed.

The species Hydrocynus vittutus of the family Characidae has a very similarly shaped swimbladder to that of the Cyprinidea. Inside the anterior lobe, however, there is a peculiar structure, which is evidently the gas glad, although a rete mirabile was not observed.

In the families of the Siluriformes, studied, with the exception of the Clariidae, a single lobed, heartshaped swimbladder is present. It is divided by a longitudinal and a transverse. septum into three chambers: an anterior, a right and a left posterior chamber. The pneumatic duct originates from the medial posteroventral part of the anterior chamber. In Clarias gariepinus the two-lobed, right and left lobed, swimbladder lies in a bony capsule, which is attached transversely to the posteroventral part of the skull. In all the Siluriformes, studied, no trace of a gas gland, nor of a rete mirabile was found.

The Cichlid swimbladder has no pneumatic duct, nor any other exit, hence it is physoclistic. In the Cichlids the retroperitoneal position of the swimbladder is accentuated, as the peritoneum and the outer tectum of the swimbladder have united to form a thick, tough membrane, which divides the body cavity into a distinct ventral, or visceral cavity, and a dorsal, or swimbladder cavity. The swimbladder cavity acts as an outer swimbladder. It contains an inner, smaller bladder whose internal ventro-anterior surface is covered with arborescently arranged patches of gas glands.

The attachment of the swimbladder to the tripus and also to the ossa suspensoris is discussed.  相似文献   

19.
不同生殖期鳜肝脏超微结构变化的观察   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
应用透射电镜对生殖季节与非生殖季节鳜肝脏超微结构的变化进行了观察。鳜肝细胞含有单个卵圆形的核,核仁清楚;细胞质内含有粗面内质网、线粒体、糖原颗粒和脂滴等细胞器和内含物。胆小管由相邻的数个肝细胞质膜凹陷围成,而肝血窦则由内皮细胞的胞质构成。还发现了贮脂细胞、枯否氏细胞和成纤维细胞。胆小管腔和窦周隙内浸润许多由肝细胞发出的微绒毛结构。鳜肝细胞的超微结构在产卵前后呈现明显变化:产卵前的肝细胞内富含线粒体、糖原颗粒和脂滴,粗面内质网发达;而产卵后的肝细胞内核仁发生迁移,部分细胞核囊泡化,糖原颗粒和脂滴排空,少数肝细胞具双核结构。非生殖期多数肝细胞核含有双核仁结构,胞质内溶酶体数量增多。  相似文献   

20.
Summary Secondary culture of nontransformed bile duct epithelium has been difficult to achieve. STO feeder cell-dependent secondary cultures of adult pig bile duct cells were established from primary cultures of adult pig liver cells. Adult pig hepatocytes exhibited limited or no replication and were lost from the secondary culture at Passage 3 or 4. In contrast, adult pig bile duct cells replicated and were carried for 4–8 passages in secondary culture. A simple method to produce nearly pure pig intrahepatic bile duct cultures was first to freeze a relatively crude liver cell preparation. Upon subsequent thawing, all hepatocytes and most macrophages were lysed. Bile duct cells composed 95% of the surviving cells after the freeze/thaw, and they grew out rapidly. The bile duct cells grew on top of the STO feeder cells as closely knit epithelial, colonial outgrowths. Histocytochemical and biochemical analyses demonstrated high levels of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and low levels of P450 activity in the bile duct cultures. The bile duct cells spontaneously adopted a multicellular ductal morphology after 7–10 d in static culture which was similar to that found in in vivo pig liver. Transmission electron microscopic examination revealed complex junctions and desmosomes typical of epithelium, and lumenally projecting cilia typical of in vivo intrahepatic bile ductules. This simple method for the coculture of pig intrahepatic bile duct cells which adopt in vivo-like structure may facilitate biological studies of this important, but difficult to culture, cell type.  相似文献   

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