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川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)是我国特有珍稀濒危物种,了解其种群遗传结构和关键影响因素,对该物种的保护具有重要意义。以我国分布最东端的湖北神农架川金丝猴种群为研究对象,基于非损伤性DNA技术和微卫星DNA遗传标记等分子生物学方法及景观遗传参数,探讨了神农架川金丝猴的遗传多样性和遗传结构,旨在为川金丝猴的研究及川金丝猴种群的可持续发展提供理论基础。利用12个多态性微卫星位点,在455份川金丝猴粪便样品中,共检测到62个微卫星等位基因;共鉴定出316个不同川金丝猴个体;种群的平均期望杂合度、平均观察杂合度和多态性信息含量分别为0.626、0.559和0.650;群体间的Nei's遗传距离为0.046—0.139,分化系数为0.015—0.046。结果表明与其他地区川金丝猴种群相比,神农架川金丝猴种群具有较低的遗传多样性水平,种群内部存在遗传分化趋势;结合景观参数分析表明地理距离不是影响神农架川金丝猴群体间遗传距离的主要因素,而生境中的灌丛和草地以及人类活动干扰可能是影响川金丝猴遗传交流的主要因素。 相似文献
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对6只笼养滇金丝猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)进行了随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)及遗传多样性分析.用45个10bp随机短引物对每只滇金丝猴的基因组DNA进行了扩增,平均每个个体观察到的RAPD标记约为130个左右,单个引物获得的标记在1~7个之间.80%的RAPD标记表现为无多态的单型性.个体间的遗传距离为0.052,表明笼养滇金丝猴群体的遗传多样性很低.此研究结果与在蛋白多态研究中得到的一致.贫乏的遗传多样性一方面使目前处于濒危境地的滇金丝猴生存情况更加危险,同时其本身也可能是造成目前滇金丝猴濒危的原因之一.另外,通过成对的遗传距离分析,构建了这一群滇金丝猴的谱系关系图,提出了让遗传距离较远的个体间进行交配的笼养繁育计划. 相似文献
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滇金丝猴现状及研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
野外滇金丝猴目前仅存于金沙江和澜沧江间云岭山脉的一个狭小区域,种群大小约1 700只左右.面临着栖息地高度破碎化、较为猖狂的盗猎活动和日益严重的放牧干扰等问题.分子遗传学和形态学数据都充分证明,滇金丝猴是独立的种.生态学研究表明,滇金丝猴的食性存在季节性差异,其某种程度上的海拔迁移是食物的空间分布和温度相互作用的结果.种群遗传学研究进一步表明,滇金丝猴的遗传多样性比较贫乏,个体间的遗传距离P平均仅为 0.052.建议保护区管理部门根据实际情况尽快建立生态走廊,以促进滇金丝猴的遗传稳定性和多样性. 相似文献
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滇金丝猴粪便微生物GH10家族木聚糖酶基因多样性 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
【目的】分析滇金丝猴粪便微生物中GH10家族木聚糖酶的基因多样性。【方法】以野生和半圈养滇金丝猴粪便微生物宏基因组DNA为模板,用GH10木聚糖酶简并引物扩增木聚糖酶基因片段,利用p MD19-T载体构建细菌克隆文库并进行分析。【结果】从野生和半圈养滇金丝猴粪便微生物克隆文库中分别获得26、28条GH10木聚糖酶基因片段,与Gen Bank中木聚糖酶序列一致性分别介于58%-95%、63%-81%之间。比对分析表明,两种环境中的GH10木聚糖酶均来自厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和未培养细菌。野生滇金丝猴粪便微生物的GH10木聚糖酶基因来源于Uncultured bacterium和Butyrivibrio、Bacteroides、Ruminococcus、Sphingobacterium、Chryseobacterium、Clostridium、Bacillus 7个属;而半圈养滇金丝猴粪便微生物的GH10木聚糖酶基因来源于Uncultured bacterium和Clostridium、Paludibacter、Sphingobacterium、Ruminococcus、Roseburia、Chryseobacterium 6个属,其中两种环境都存在来源于Ruminococcus、Clostridium、Chryseobacterium、Sphingobacterium的GH10木聚糖酶。【结论】滇金丝猴粪便微生物中含有丰富的GH10木聚糖酶基因,且野生和半圈养两种不同环境中GH10木聚糖酶基因的微生物来源存在一定差异。该研究丰富了动物胃肠道中GH10木聚糖酶基因多样性,并为新型木聚糖酶的开发和滇金丝猴胃肠道微生物资源的利用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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【目的】了解野生川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)肠道内生细菌的组成及其多样性。【方法】提取川金丝猴肠道内生细菌总DNA,选用细菌通用引物799F和1492R对总DNA进行16S rRNA基因特异性扩增,构建川金丝猴肠道内生细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库,对阳性克隆进行限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析,并对HaeⅢ酶切带谱菌株进行测序,构建系统发育树。【结果】根据酶切带谱分析和测序结果,将随机挑取的157个阳性克隆归为27个不同的可操作分类单元(OTUs)。系统发育分析表明这些克隆序列有62.10%属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),其中包括梭菌属(Clostridium)、Cellulosilyticum属、Robinsoniella属、Anaerofustis属、Blautia属和Anaerovorax属,有37.90%属于未培养细菌。【结论】川金丝猴肠道内生细菌多样性丰富,并且可能存在新的分类单元。 相似文献
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水稻广亲和性和胞质雄性不育恢复性的遗传分析 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
对经花培育成的广亲和恢复系TG7、TG8的遗传分析表明:TG7、TG8均带有1对广亲和基因,与CPSLO17、02428的广亲和基因等位。广亲和基因与雄性不育恢复基因表现为独立遗传,野败型(籼)和滇-I型(粳)不育胞质的育性恢复基因非等位。TG7和TG8分别带有2对野败不育胞质和1对滇-I型不育胞质的恢复基因,分别来自亲本明恢63和CPSLO17。 相似文献
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圈养川金丝猴生命表和种群动态研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《四川动物》2016,(5)
川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana是我国特有的濒危物种。通过对全世界785只圈养川金丝猴的年龄分布、繁殖率、性比进行统计分析,编制圈养川金丝猴种群的生命表,绘制死亡曲线及存活曲线,计算川金丝猴的内禀增长能力。结果显示:圈养川金丝猴的寿命期望值较长,死亡率低,种群数量波动小,具有相对稳定的生态学特征;净增殖率、内禀增长率和周限增长率分别为2.674 6、0.095 28/年和1.100 0,说明圈养川金丝猴种群目前仍存在上升的空间,种群结构整体上相对稳定。 相似文献
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川金丝猴圈养种群现状分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellartae)圈养种群大多饲养在中国的动物园中。根据《川金丝猴国际谱系簿2002》记录,到2002年12月31日种群存活数量185只,包括野外捕获个体和圈养出生个体。近年圈养出生数量一直保持增加,到2000年超过野外捕获个体数量,现在种群的增加更多地依靠圈养出生个体数量的增加。近12年中种群繁殖率不断提高。每年新生幼仔中野外捕获个体组产仔比率逐年减少,圈养出生个体组产仔比率逐年增大,但到2002年前者仍高于后者40%。两组动物的繁殖率都有上升趋势,野外捕获个体组的繁殖率大多高于圈养出生个体组的繁殖率,二者有明显差异。种群遗传状况是基因多样性保存量较高,各小种群的基因多样性却处于较整体低的水平。提高子代的繁殖率,增加各机构之间的合作繁殖以提高小种群的基因多样性保持量,这两者对于种群的健康发展是非常重要的。 相似文献
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Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and Antibodies in Inpatients with COVID-19 not Related with Clinical Manifestation: A Single Centre Study 下载免费PDF全文
Zhao Li Gao Ruqin Lu Roujian Wang Huijuan Deng Yao Niu Peihua Jiang Fachun Huang Baoying Liang Jiwei Jia Jing Zhang Feng Wang Wenling Wu Guizhen Tan Wenjie 《中国病毒学》2021,36(5):1088-1092
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献
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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献