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1.
摘要:肠出血性大肠杆菌(enterohemorrhage ,EHEC)是一种重要的人畜共患病,世界各地包括中国都有不同规模的暴发流 行。EHEC有多种血清型,其中毒力最强血清型是O157:H7。EHEC O157:H7 感染除可使人发生常规腹泻外,还可在5%-10%的病 例中引发严重并发症,甚至死亡。该菌是重要的食源性致病菌,危害严重,缺乏有效的防治手段,而抗生素治疗可能会加剧溶血性 尿毒症(haemolutic uraemic syndrome,HUS)。由于以上特点EHEC O157:H7 成为世界公共卫生问题,引起微生物学家和公共卫生 工作者的广泛关注。目前,临床针对EHEC 感染只是对症治疗和适当的抗菌治疗。粘附是EHEC感染宿主细胞的第一步,没有这 一步,细菌和宿主肠道细胞之间不会发生任何的相互作用,而且对于许多病原菌来说,粘附具有宿主特异性。本文概述了EHEC 的流行病学及粘附机理,并对近年在EHEC 研究中的发现一些新型粘附因子和一些假设的定植因子的研究背景及作用机理作一 综述。  相似文献   

2.
肠出血性大肠杆菌(enterohemorrhage E-coli,EHEC)是一种重要的人畜共患病,世界各地包括中国都有不同规模的暴发流行。EHEC有多种血清型,其中毒力最强血清型是0157:H7。EHEC0157:H7感染除可使人发生常规腹泻外,还可在5%-10%的病例中引发严重并发症,甚至死亡。该菌是重要的食源性致病菌,危害严重,缺乏有效的防治手段,而抗生素治疗可能会加剧溶血性尿毒症(haemoluticuraemicsyndrome,HUS)。由于以上特点EHEC0157:H7成为世界公共卫生问题,引起微生物学家和公共卫生工作者的广泛关注。目前,临床针对EHEC感染只是对症治疗和适当的抗茵治疗。粘附是EHEC感染宿主细胞的第一步,没有这一步,细菌和宿主肠道细胞之间不会发生任何的相互作用,而且对于许多病原菌来说,粘附具有宿主特异性。本文概述了EHEC的流行病学及粘附机理,并对近年在EHEC研究中的发现一些新型粘附因子和一些假设的定植因子的研究背詈及作用机理作一综述。  相似文献   

3.
肠出血性大肠杆菌(enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli,EHEC)0157:H7是一种重要的肠道病原微生物,感染后可引发多种疾病,严重者可导致死亡.EHEC O157:H7通过Ⅲ型分泌系统(TTSS)将其转位效应器蛋白质转位至宿主细胞,经一系列的信号传导过程介导与宿主细胞的"黏附与擦拭"(attaching and effacing,A/E)损伤.对EHEC0157:H7 Ⅲ型分泌系统及其转位效应器蛋白质进行研究,可使我们进一步认识EHEC以及引起A/E损伤的病原菌的致病机理,丰富有关Ⅲ型分泌系统和致病岛的知识.  相似文献   

4.
志贺毒素(Shigatoxin,Stx)主要由肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)产生,是其主要的致病毒力因子,可通过引起急性肾衰竭导致死亡。迄今为止尚没有可推荐的治疗方案能够有效地预防或治疗Stx引起的疾病。目前,对于Stx的研究热点主要包括:Stx尚未清楚的致病机理研究,Stx与HUS的相关性研究,以及预防、治疗由Stx引起的疾病的研究。本文就以上几方面对国内外的相关研究进行总结及讨论。  相似文献   

5.
克隆表达并纯化肠出血性大肠杆菌 (EHEC)O15 7∶H7紧密粘附素免疫保护性片段 (Intimin C) ,并对其部分生物学活性进行研究。设计引物采用PCR自O15 7菌基因组扩增紧密粘附素免疫保护性片段 (Intimin C)的编码基因eae C ,T A克隆测序后构建原核表达质粒 pET 2 8a(+) eaeC并转化E .coliBL2 1(DE3) ,诱导表达破菌及包涵体洗涤后采用离子交换柱和亲和层析柱对目的蛋白进行纯化 ,PAGE电泳初测目的蛋白的分子量、滴定法初测目的蛋白的等电点 ,并以纯化蛋白Intimin C免疫家兔制备多抗血清。采用PCR法自O15 7菌基因组扩增出了约 90 0b…  相似文献   

6.
多重PCR方法快速检测4种主要致腹泻性大肠埃希菌   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
肠毒素性大肠埃希菌(ETEC)、肠致病性大肠埃希菌(EPEC)、肠出血性大肠埃希菌(EHEC)和侵袭性大肠埃希菌(EIEC)是引起腹泻的主要大肠埃希菌,威胁着食品安全和人类健康,建立同时检测4种致腹泻性大肠埃希菌的方法具有重要意义。基于ETEC LT肠毒素基因、EPEC bfpA基因、EHECO抗原基因和EIEC侵袭性质粒特异性基因,设计了4对特异性引物,通过对单一PCR反应条件的优化建立了快速检测4种主要致腹泻性大肠埃希菌的多重PCR方法,彼此之间无交叉反应。该多重PCR方法具有良好的特异性和灵敏性,对24株致病菌进行检测,所试4株致腹泻性大肠埃希菌均为PCR阳性,其他菌株则为阴性。实践证明,利用所建立的多重PCR方法对124份肉类、奶类制品及人工污染样品等进行检测,检出15份阳性,与国标(GB4789.6-1994)检测结果相同。结果表明本文建立的多重PCR方法可用于ETEC、EPEC、EHEC和EIEC的单一或混合感染的鉴别诊断及食品安全风险评估,具有良好的实用性。  相似文献   

7.
马延  周围  高原  梁龙 《生物技术通讯》2010,21(4):535-539
目的:研究生长在不同培养基中的肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)O157∶H7对宿主细胞造成的黏附/擦拭损伤是否存在差异。方法:分别用LB、DMEM、DMEM(含10%胎牛血清)、DMEM(含终浓度为25mmol/L的HEPES)等4种培养基培养O157∶H7,然后感染HeLa细胞,利用Giemsa染色观察细菌黏附差异,进行肌动蛋白荧光染色实验并观察宿主细胞肌动蛋白聚集差异。结果:在含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基中培养EHECO157∶H7,其黏附力增加,聚集细胞骨架肌动蛋白的能力明显增强。结论:为进一步研究EHECO157∶H7的致病性,探索O157∶H7新的致病因子奠定了基础。  相似文献   

8.
克隆表达并纯化肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)O157:H7紧密粘附素免疫保护性片段(Intimin-C),并对其部分生物学活性进行研究.  相似文献   

9.
志贺毒素(Shigatoxin,Stx)主要由肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)产生,是其主要的致病毒力因子,可通过引起急性肾衰竭导致死亡。迄今为止尚没有可推荐的治疗方案能够有效地预防或治疗Stx引起的疾病。目前,对于Stx的研究热点主要包括:Stx尚未清楚的致病机理研究,Stx与HUS的相关性研究,以及预防、治疗由Stx引起的疾病的研究。本文就以上几方面对国内外的相关研究进行总结及讨论。  相似文献   

10.
肠出血性大肠埃希菌(Enterohemorrhagie Escherichia coli,EHEC)O157:H7是一种重要的传染病病原菌,以EHEC O157:H7标准菌株rfbE保守区设计一对特异引物和一条探针,建立了检测EHEC O157:H7核酸的荧光定量PCR检测方法。实验结果表明荧光定量PCR检测方法特异性好,最低检测限为20 cfu/mL,线性范围是102~108cfu/mL。稳定性试验表明批内变异系数和批间变异系数分别为2.06%和2.45%。  相似文献   

11.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are food-borne pathogens that can cause serious infections ranging from diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Translocation of Shiga-toxins (Stx) from the gut lumen to underlying tissues is a decisive step in the development of the infection, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Many bacterial pathogens target the follicle-associated epithelium, which overlies Peyer's patches (PPs), cross the intestinal barrier through M cells and are captured by mucosal macrophages. Here, translocation across M cells, as well as survival and proliferation of EHEC strains within THP-1 macrophages were investigated using EHEC O157:H7 reference strains, isogenic mutants, and 15 EHEC strains isolated from HC/HUS patients. We showed for the first time that E. coli O157:H7 strains are able to interact in vivo with murine PPs, to translocate ex vivo through murine ileal mucosa with PPs and across an in vitro human M cell model. EHEC strains are also able to survive and to produce Stx in macrophages, which induce cell apoptosis and Stx release. In conclusion, our results suggest that the uptake of EHEC by M cells and underlying macrophages in the PP may be a critical step in Stx translocation and release in vivo. A new model for EHEC infection in humans is proposed that could help in a fuller understanding of EHEC-associated diseases.  相似文献   

12.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are food-borne pathogens that can cause serious infections ranging from diarrhea to hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Translocation of Shiga-toxins (Stx) from the gut lumen to underlying tissues is a decisive step in the development of the infection, but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. Many bacterial pathogens target the follicle-associated epithelium, which overlies Peyer''s patches (PPs), cross the intestinal barrier through M cells and are captured by mucosal macrophages. Here, translocation across M cells, as well as survival and proliferation of EHEC strains within THP-1 macrophages were investigated using EHEC O157:H7 reference strains, isogenic mutants, and 15 EHEC strains isolated from HC/HUS patients. We showed for the first time that E. coli O157:H7 strains are able to interact in vivo with murine PPs, to translocate ex vivo through murine ileal mucosa with PPs and across an in vitro human M cell model. EHEC strains are also able to survive and to produce Stx in macrophages, which induce cell apoptosis and Stx release. In conclusion, our results suggest that the uptake of EHEC by M cells and underlying macrophages in the PP may be a critical step in Stx translocation and release in vivo. A new model for EHEC infection in humans is proposed that could help in a fuller understanding of EHEC-associated diseases.  相似文献   

13.
Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157 and non-O157 are important emergance pathogens that can cause diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis with life-threatening complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). A few cases of EHEC infections are documented per year in Poland. Among them only one patient with EHEC O157 infection developed HUS. We characterized the first VTEC non-O157 strain isolated from child with HUS in Poland. The VTEC O111 strain produced Stx2 which was cytotoxic for Vero cell. Using DNA microarray analysis we have found set of virulence genes in VTEC O111 strain as: stx2A, stx2B, ehly, eae, tir tccP espA, espJ, cif nleA, nleB, lpfA, iha, efa1, cba. The strain was fenotypic resistant to streptomycin, tetracyclin and sulphonamides (strA, tetA, sul2 genes were detected).  相似文献   

14.
We investigated whether eyedrop vaccination using modified outer membrane vesicles (mOMVs) is effective for protecting against hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) caused by enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 infection. Modified OMVs and waaJ-mOMVs were prepared from cultures of MsbB- and Shiga toxin A subunit (STxA)-deficient EHEC O157:H7 bacteria with or without an additional waaJ mutation. BALB/c mice were immunized by eyedrop mOMVs, waaJ-mOMVs, and mOMVs plus polymyxin B (PMB). Mice were boosted at 2 weeks, and challenged peritoneally with wild-type OMVs (wtOMVs) at 4 weeks. As parameters for evaluation of the OMV-mediated immune protection, serum and mucosal immunoglobulins, body weight change and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/Creatinin (Cr) were tested, as well as histopathology of renal tissue. In order to confirm the safety of mOMVs for eyedrop use, body weight and ocular histopathological changes were monitored in mice. Modified OMVs having penta-acylated lipid A moiety did not contain STxA subunit proteins but retained non-toxic Shiga toxin B (STxB) subunit. Removal of the polymeric O-antigen of O157 LPS was confirmed in waaJ-mOMVs. The mice group vaccinated with mOMVs elicited greater humoral and mucosal immune responses than did the waaJ-mOMVs and PBS-treated groups. Eyedrop vaccination of mOMVs plus PMB reduced the level of humoral and mucosal immune responses, suggesting that intact O157 LPS antigen can be a critical component for enhancing the immunogenicity of the mOMVs. After challenge, mice vaccinated with mOMVs were protected from a lethal dose of wtOMVs administered intraperitoneally, conversely mice in the PBS control group were not. Collectively, for the first time, EHEC O157-derived mOMV eyedrop vaccine was experimentally evaluated as an efficient and safe means of vaccine development against EHEC O157:H7 infection-associated HUS.  相似文献   

15.

Objectives

Shiga-toxin producing O157:H7 Entero Haemorrhagic E. coli (STEC/EHEC) is one of the most common causes of Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome (HUS) related to infectious haemorrhagic colitis. Nearly all recommendations on clinical management of EHEC infections refer to this strain. The 2011 outbreak in Northern Europe was the first to be caused by the serotype O104:H4. This EHEC strain was found to carry genetic features of Entero Aggregative E. coli (EAEC) and extended spectrum β lactamase (ESBL). We report symptoms and complications in patients at one of the most affected centres of the 2011 EHEC O104 outbreak in Northern Germany.

Methods

The courses of patients admitted to our hospital due to bloody diarrhoea with suspected EHEC O104 infection were recorded prospectively. These data include the patients’ histories, clinical findings, and complications.

Results

EHEC O104 infection was confirmed in 61 patients (female = 37; mean age: 44±2 years). The frequency of HUS was 59% (36/61) in our cohort. An enteric colonisation with co-pathogens was found in 57%. Thirty-one (51%) patients were treated with plasma-separation/plasmapheresis, 16 (26%) with haemodialysis, and 7 (11%) with Eculizumab. Patients receiving antibiotic treatment (n = 37; 61%) experienced no apparent change in their clinical course. Twenty-six (43%) patients suffered from neurological symptoms. One 83-year-old patient died due to comorbidities after HUS was successfully treated.

Conclusions

EHEC O104:H4 infections differ markedly from earlier reports on O157:H7 induced enterocolitis in regard to epidemiology, symptomatology, and frequency of complications. We recommend a standard of practice for clinical monitoring and support the renaming of EHEC O104:H4 syndrome as “EAHEC disease”.  相似文献   

16.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are important human pathogens, causing hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uraemic syndrome in humans. E. coli O157:H7 is the most common serotype associated with EHEC infections worldwide, although other non-O157 serotypes cause life-threatening infections. Cattle are a main reservoir of EHEC and intervention strategies aimed at limiting EHEC excretion from cattle are predicted to lower the risk of human infection. We have previously shown that immunization of calves with recombinant versions of the type III secretion system (T3SS)-associated proteins EspA, intimin and Tir from EHEC O157:H7 significantly reduced shedding of EHEC O157 from experimentally-colonized calves, and that protection could be augmented by the addition of H7 flagellin to the vaccine formulation. The main aim of the present study was to optimize our current EHEC O157 subunit vaccine formulations by identifying the key combinations of these antigens required for protection. A secondary aim was to determine if vaccine-induced antibody responses exhibited cross-reactive potential with antigens from other EHEC serotypes. Immunization with EspA, intimin and Tir resulted in a reduction in mean EHEC O157 shedding following challenge, but not the mean proportion of calves colonized. Removal of Tir resulted in more prolonged shedding compared with all other groups, whereas replacement of Tir with H7 flagellin resulted in the highest levels of protection, both in terms of reducing both mean EHEC O157 shedding and the proportion of colonized calves. Immunization of calves with recombinant EHEC O157 EspA, intimin and Tir resulted in the generation of antibodies capable of cross-reacting with antigens from non-O157 EHEC serotypes, suggesting that immunization with these antigens may provide a degree of cross-protection against other EHEC serotypes. Further studies are now required to test the efficacy of these vaccines in the field, and to formally test the cross-protective potential of the vaccines against other non-O157 EHEC.  相似文献   

17.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) produce one or more types of Shiga toxins and are foodborne causes of bloody diarrhea. The prototype EHEC strain, Escherichia coli O157:H7, is responsible for both sporadic cases and serious outbreaks worldwide. Infection with E. coli that produce Shiga toxins may lead to diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, or (less frequently) hemolytic uremic syndrome, which can cause acute kidney failure. The exact mechanism by which EHEC evokes intestinal and renal disease has not yet been determined. The development of a readily reproducible animal oral-infection model with which to evaluate the full pathogenic potential of E. coli O157:H7 and assess the efficacy of therapeutics and vaccines remains a research priority. Dutch belted (DB) rabbits are reported to be susceptible to both natural and experimental EHEC-induced disease, and New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits are a model for the intestinal manifestations of EHEC infection. In the current study, we compared the pathology caused by E. coli O157:H7 infection in DB and NZW rabbits. Both breeds of rabbits developed clinical signs of disease and intestinal lesions after experimental infection. In addition, one of the infected DB rabbits developed renal lesions. Our findings provide evidence that both breeds are susceptible to E. coli O157:H7 infection and that both may be useful models for investigating EHEC infections of humans.Abbreviations: EHEC, enterohemorrhagic E. coli; HUS, hemolytic uremic syndrome; DB, Dutch belted; STEC, Shiga-toxin– producing E. coli; NZW, New Zealand whiteEscherichia coli O157:H7 is the prototype enterohemorrhagic strain of Shiga-toxin–producing E. coli (STEC), which cause food and waterborne outbreaks and sporadic cases of serious intestinal disease that manifest as diarrhea or hemorrhagic colitis (or both).12,13,31 Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are a subset of STEC that, in addition to elaborating Shiga toxins, encode the locus of enterocyte effacement, whose products allow intimate attachment of the bacteria to the epithelium.16,19 Children infected with STEC are more susceptible than adults and may subsequently develop hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) that is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and kidney dysfunction or failure.29 Shiga toxins are considered to be major determinants involved in the pathogenesis of these E. coli-induced infections. Indeed, the capacity of STEC to cause bloody diarrhea and HUS derives from the activity of the Stx.8,25,30,40 The 2 types of Shiga toxins, Stx1 and Stx2, are quite similar in sequence and structure, although their polyclonal antisera do not crossreact.7,38,39,42A vaccine is currently not available to protect humans from infection or disease caused by STEC. There is a need to define the pathogenic mechanisms by which STEC cause disease and to develop strategies for the prevention and treatment of STEC-mediated HUS. Achieving this goal would benefit from a small animal model that displays gastroenteritis or signs of HUS similar to those occurring in humans. Naturally infected DB rabbits mimic the clinical and pathologic signs (including diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and HUS) produced by STEC in humans.11 In addition, infant NZW rabbits become infected with EHEC and subsequently exhibit diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis.20,28,34,36 The current study compared DB and NZW rabbits for breed-specific differences in response to E. coli O157:H7 infection.  相似文献   

18.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a significant zoonotic pathogen causing severe disease associated with watery and bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Infections are frequently associated with contact with EHEC-contaminated ruminant feces. Both natural and experimental infection of cattle induces serum antibodies against the LEE-encoded proteins intimin, EspA, EspB, and Tir and the Shiga toxins Stx1 and Stx2, although the latter are poorly immunogenic in cattle. We determined whether antibodies and/or the kinetics of antibody responses against intimin, Tir, EspA, and/or EspB can be used for monitoring EHEC infections in beef cattle herds in order to reduce carcass contamination at slaughter. We examined the presence of serum antibodies against recombinant O157:H7 E. coli intimin EspA, EspB, and Tir during a cross-sectional study on 12 cattle farms and during a longitudinal time course study on two EHEC-positive cattle farms. We searched for a possible correlation between intimin, Tir, EspA, and/or EspB antibodies and fecal excretion of EHEC O157, O145, O111, O103, or O26 seropathotypes. The results indicated that serum antibody responses to EspB and EspA might be useful for first-line screening at the herd level for EHEC O157, O26, and most likely also for EHEC O103 infections. However, antibody responses against EspB are of less use for monitoring individual animals, since some EHEC-shedding animals did not show antibody responses and since serum antibody responses against EspB could persist for several months even when shedding had ceased.  相似文献   

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