食品上的应用

852265在两步培井系统中由红花细胞生产红色素[英]/I_{anagata,N.…,J.Biotechn01...1994.37(1).一59～65E译自DBA,1994,13(24),94—14316] 研究了由红花(Carthamus tinctorius)细胞两步培养优化生产红色素(Kinobeon—A)的培养容器构形。第一步将红花BC一6R培养在补加10pMNAA、1pM Kn的MS液体培养基上10天。然后将细胞转至含灭菌的引发剂Nostoc 1inckia(150mg/1)的生产培养基中。第二步培养进行4天,25℃、黑暗条件下。在旋转振荡器上的烧瓶中和振动型培养容器中的细胞生长水平比搅拌罐或泡罩塔中的高。第=步培养中,以高kLa条件生…     

丁香杂交胚的组织培养

植物名称:丁香属植物(Syringa)。材料类别:①授粉40～50天的丁香(Syringameyeri×S.microphylla)杂交胚;②授粉60～110天的丁香。(Syringa persica×S.VuZgarls"Albaplena”)杂交胚。培养条件:基本培养基为MS培养基,蔗糖浓度3％,pH=5.8,培养温度25±2℃,光照强度1000～2500lx,每日光照14小时。杂交组合①取授粉后40～50天的杂交幼胚进行培养。杂交组合②取授粉后60～110天的杂交胚培养,从授粉后60天开始,每周取胚培养1次。当授粉90天后,每隔1天取胚培养1次,直到110天     

原位吸附和茉莉酸甲酯联合使用显著提高中国红豆杉细胞云南紫杉烷c的生产

本实验所用的中国红豆杉细胞悬浮培养体系中,云南紫杉烷c(Tc)是主要的次生代谢产物,该化合物有类神经生长因子活性,提高其产量是进一步规模化生产的前提。本研究考察了原位吸附和茉莉酸甲酯(MJA)联合调控提高Tc产量的可能性。在培养的第7天加入浓度为100μmol/L的MJA虽然会使细胞的生物量下降10%～30%,但是单位细胞内Tc含量和Tc产量均有显著提高,分别是对照的3.6和3.3倍。吸附剂XAD-7在不同时间加入对Tc的合成影响显著。在培养的第7天同时加入100μmol/L的MJA和100g/L的XAD-7会使细胞生物量增加,Tc产量显著提高。培养到第21天,Tc产量达477.4mg/L,为对照的6.3倍,为只加MJA的1.9倍,其中94%的Tc被树脂吸附。实验结果表明,在MJA诱导高表达的过程中,吸附剂XAD-7的加入使细胞内代谢产物外泌,浓度降低,减轻产物反馈抑制现象,从而大幅度提高代谢物产量,有较好的生产前景。     

新生大鼠小肠上皮细胞分离培养研究

本实验比较了4种分离大鼠IEC的方法,结果显示联合应用粗胶原酶和中性蛋白酶分离效果最好,细胞贴壁生长能力强。胶原涂膜改善玻璃培养瓶或盖玻片表面的性状有利于细胞贴壁生长。细胞的增殖依赖于培养液的质量、成分及细胞间的相互作用。培养细胞一般1～2天贴壁,7～8天明显增殖,10～14天汇合成片。培养细胞细胞角质蛋白、碱性磷酸酶染色阳性,光镜和电镜检查均显示为IEC。本文所建立的新生大鼠IEC体外培养方法为研究IEC生理和病理提供了一个十分有用的实验模型。     

大幅度提高曲酸的发酵效率

日本三省制药公司高效率地生产曲酸发酵生产菌获得成功.用紫外线照射培养亲株产生菌,找出萄葡糖流加培养的最适条件,获得了比传统菌产量高2倍的曲酸.曲酸对参与黑色素生成的酪氨酸酶有抑制效果.三省制药公司除医药部外还向5个化妆品制造厂供应曲酸.为了充分适应今后对曲酸需求的增加,制定了稳步增产计划.产生菌是白曲霉M6-A1株.经紫外线照射后获得了高效发酵株19-C3株.培养开始时葡萄糖浓度为10%、pH 4～5、培养温度30℃.在使用2.51的培养罐的葡萄流加培养(葡萄糖浓度3～7%在7天内其生产     

无籽西瓜的快速繁殖技术

无籽西瓜甜度高、口味佳和食用方便 ,在市场上非常抢手。但传统的制种方法复杂 ,生产周期长、成本高 ,严重影响了大田生产的发展。若采用无性繁殖技术 ,便能快速繁育无籽西瓜的植株 ,大大缩短生产周期 ,提高经济效益。1　试管苗培养1.1　胚培养法1.1.1　消毒和接种　取三倍体无籽西瓜 ,用 75 %乙醇消毒 1min,用 0 .2 %Hg Cl2 溶液消毒 30 min,再浸在无菌水中 3～ 4 h。待种子软化后 ,在无菌条件下 ,用镊子剥掉种皮 ,取出种胚 ,接种在不含任何激动素和生长素的MS培养基上 ,每瓶接入 1～ 2个胚。接种完毕后 ,将培养物置 2 5℃的恒温室中培养…     

悬浮培养CHO 细胞生产重组人促红细胞生成素条件的优化*

目的:通过对贴壁培养CHO细胞筛选驯化,得到高表达的细胞后进行悬浮培养生产重组人促红细胞生成素(rHuEPO)。方法:利用96孔板和24孔板对CHO细胞进行筛选,得到高表达细胞株后进行驯化,使其适合悬浮培养,经过摇瓶扩增后接种到生物反应器中无血清培养,每天监测葡萄糖含量,测rHuEPO表达量。结果:悬浮培养CHO细胞生产rHuEPO,生产周期短,表达量比贴壁培养高出很多,操作方便,减少污染,易于放大,并建立了适合悬浮培养的CHO细胞株,为工业化悬浮培养CHO细胞生产rHuEPO提供了技术基础。结论:经过工艺优化后利用无血清悬浮培养生产促红细胞生成素平均表达量较贴壁培养高,生产周期短,有利于降低生产成本。     

用Vero细胞制备马抗狂犬病血清抗原

以Vero细胞为基质制备马抗狂犬病血清用抗原,以期建立有效、经济、简便的抗原制备方法.用含10%马血清营养液对Vero细胞作适应性培养,接种狂犬病毒,以含1%～3%马血清营养液作维持液培养病毒,于第5,8天收获病毒液,经灭活、浓缩、离心等制成抗原.第5,8天收获病毒滴度可稳定在7.0logLD50/mL以上,灭活抗原具良好的抗原性,用NIH法测定效价达6.0IU/mL以上,可用作抗原生产抗狂犬病血清.     

应用中空纤维生物反应系统中试生产人体肝癌单克隆抗体

本文应用中空纤维培养系统,培养分泌人体肝癌单抗的Hepama-1小鼠杂交瘤株,连续生产120天,单抗的总产量为20克左右。     

用Vero细胞制备马抗狂犬病血清抗原

以Vero细胞为基质制备马抗狂犬病血清用抗原,以期建立有效、经济、简便的抗原制备方法。用含10％马血清营养液对Vero细胞作适应性培养,接种狂犬病毒,以含1％～3％马血清营养液作维持液培养病毒,于第5,8天收获病毒液,经灭活、浓缩、离心等制成抗原。第5,8天收获病毒滴度可稳定在7．010gLD50／mL以上,灭活抗原具良好的抗原性,用NIH法测定效价达6．0IU／mL以上,可用作抗原生产抗狂犬病血清。     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV     

Mink Circovirus Can Infect Minks,Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

正Dear Editor,Mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014; Ge et al. 2018).Sequence analysis has shown that MiCV is most closely     

CypA Regulates AIP4-Mediated M1 Ubiquitination of Influenza A Virus

Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that interacts with the matrix protein (M1) of influenza A virus (IAV) and restricts virus replication by regulating the ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. However,the mechanism by which CypA regulates M1 ubiquitination remains unknown. In this study, we reported that E3 ubiquitin ligase AIP4 promoted K48-linked ubiquitination of M1 at K102 and K104, and accelerated ubiquitin–proteasome-mediated degradation of M1. The recombinant IAV with mutant M1 (K102 R/K104 R) could not be rescued, suggesting that the ubiquitination of M1 at K102/K104 was essential for IAV replication. Furthermore, CypA inhibited AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination by impairing the interaction between AIP4 and M1. More importantly, both the mutations of M1 (K102 R/K104 R) and CypA inhibited the nuclear export of M1, indicating that CypA regulates the cellular localization of M1 via inhibition of AIP4-mediated M1 ubiquitination at K102 and K104, which results in the reduced replication of IAV.Collectively, our findings reveal a novel ubiquitination-based mechanism by which CypA regulates the replication of IAV.