SARS病毒N蛋白、E蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达与鉴定

本研究通过RT-PCR反应获得了SARS冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白(N)和膜蛋白(E)基因,将n基因和e基因克 隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pGEX-KG上,并在大肠杆菌中以可溶形式获得高效表达,表达产物经亲和层析纯化。重 组蛋白N与SARS病毒抗体呈现特异性的反应,为进一步研究SARS病毒感染免疫应答机制和早期诊断奠定基础     

SARS病毒核衣壳蛋白、膜蛋白在大肠杆菌中的高效表达和纯化

通过反转录PCR获得了SARS冠状病毒核衣壳蛋白(N)和膜蛋白(M)基因,其序列分析结果与加拿大多伦多株完全一致。将M基因和N基因克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET22b和pBV222上,并在大肠杆菌中以包涵体及可溶形式获得高效表达。通过离子交换、金属螯合层析纯化获得电泳纯制品。所获得的核衣壳蛋白具有良好的抗原性,可用于抗SARS抗体检测及亚单位疫苗研究。     

重组SARS病毒N蛋白可与SARS患者血清发生特异反应

N蛋白是SARS CoV病毒基因组编码病毒核衣壳蛋白 ,它不同于现已知的任何蛋白质 .对它的深入研究对揭示SARS -CoV的致病机理和疫苗及诊断试剂的研制有重要意义 .灭活的病毒经逆转录后 ,用根据已知的病毒的基因组序列所设计的引物PCR扩增N蛋白基因 .扩增出的基因经序列分析表明和已知的序列完全一致 ,共编码 4 2 2个氨基酸残基 .将N蛋白基因克隆入原核表达载体pET2 8a构建成表达质粒pET2 8a N .表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3) ,并用IPTG诱导后 ,获得了高表达N蛋白的重组菌株 .目的蛋白经一步金属离子螯合层析纯化后获得了纯度超过 90 %的样品 .Western印迹及ELISA分析表明 ,SARS患者体内有特异性的针对N蛋白的抗体 ,并具有较高的特异性 .这为临床上诊断SARS患者提供了新方法 ,并为SARS疫苗的研制提供了研究思路     

SARS病毒N蛋白的原核重组载体的构建和表达

将SARS病毒N蛋白的基因克隆到原核表达载体 pGEX KG上 ,使其在大肠杆菌DH5α菌株中以与GST蛋白融合的形式表达。采用GluthathionSepharose 4B亲和层析柱对融合蛋白进行纯化 ,并用SDS PAGE和WesternBlot对表达的融合蛋白进行分析鉴定。结果表明 ,本实验成功地构建了高效表达SARS病毒N蛋白的重组表达载体 ,所获得的融合蛋白可以直接用于SARS抗体的检测 ,可用于SARS的早期诊断及SARS疫苗的研究。     

SARS-CoV核衣壳蛋白的表达与免疫研究

依据GenBank中SARS基因组序列,采用人工合成的方法合成编码SARS病毒N蛋白的全基因(1296bp)序 列,再与设计的CTL特异性表位基因(195bp)重组后,克隆到pET-28a( )质粒中,重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21 (DE3)中诱导表达。利用SARS患者恢复期阳性血清,鉴定表达蛋白。进一步纯化后免疫马,并用ELISA方法检 测血清抗体效价。结果显示SDS-PAGE表明所表达的蛋白相对分子质量约为55000 Da,与预计大小相符;Western blot显示表达的蛋白具有良好的抗原性和特异性。对表达蛋白形成的包涵体进行洗涤,得到的蛋白纯度可达到 70．1％。切胶纯化免疫马后,获得的抗SARS抗体滴度达1:2560。为亚单位疫苗研制和精制抗SARS抗体免疫制 剂提供基础。     

SARS-CoV核衣壳蛋白的表达与免疫研究

依据GenBank中SARS基因组序列,采用人工合成的方法合成编码SARS病毒N蛋白的全基因(1296bp)序列,再与设计的CTL特异性表位基因(195bp)重组后,克隆到pET-28a(+)质粒中,重组质粒转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达.利用SARS患者恢复期阳性血清,鉴定表达蛋白.进一步纯化后免疫马,并用ELISA方法检测血清抗体效价.结果显示SDS-PAGE表明所表达的蛋白相对分子质量约为55000 Da,与预计大小相符;Westernblot显示表达的蛋白具有良好的抗原性和特异性.对表达蛋白形成的包涵体进行洗涤,得到的蛋白纯度可达到70.1%.切胶纯化免疫马后,获得的抗SARS抗体滴度达12560.为亚单位疫苗研制和精制抗SARS抗体免疫制剂提供基础.     

SARS冠状病毒N蛋白基因的克隆、表达及活性测定

利用PCR基因扩增法,以SARS冠状病毒全基因质粒为模板,获得N蛋白相应抗原基因,构建了表达载体pBV220／SARS-N,并在E．coli中获得高效表达。用纯化后的N蛋白抗原包被测定板,通过间接ELISA法对阴阳性血清进行活性测定,结果表明,在46份阳性血中有41份被测出,检出率为89．13％。本研究克隆并表达了SARS冠状病毒N蛋白,为进一步研制SARS病人抗体检测试剂和SARS疫苗奠定了基础。     

SARS病毒S和N蛋白抗原表位的基因合成、融合表达及纯化鉴定

通过计算机分析SARS病毒N蛋白和S蛋白的氨基酸序列 ,初步确定含强抗原表位的N蛋白片段和S蛋白片段 ,共 5 6 0个氨基酸。选择真核和原核生物均偏爱的密码子 ,化学合成全新的SARS病毒N蛋白片段和S蛋白片段的基因序列 ,利用基因工程技术将两个基因片段串联 ,克隆至质粒Pet2 8a(+)内的NcoⅠ/EcoRⅠ位点 ,表达S蛋白片段和N蛋白片段的融合蛋白。将重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3) ,筛选获得了高效表达SARS病毒S蛋白片段和N蛋白片段融合蛋白的工程菌 ,表达的SARS病毒的融合蛋白约占菌体蛋白总量的 30 %左右 ,部分以可溶性形式存在。经离子交换柱和反相高压液相纯化获得了表达的融合蛋白 ,经初步鉴定 ,显示该融合蛋白有较好的抗原性和特异性.     

SARS-CoV N蛋白与病毒mRNA相互作用的初步研究

SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)是一种新型的冠状病毒,其基因组大小约为30,000 nt,为单股正链RNA.病毒基因中的1-72个核甘酸为前导序列.核衣壳(Nucleocapsid,N)蛋白是冠状病毒的主要结构蛋白,它在病毒基因转录,翻译以及病毒颗粒包装中起重要作用.在本研究中,我们通过PCR的方法从SARS-CoV cDNA中克隆N基因,将基因克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体中,经表达纯化获得大量重组蛋白,通过亲和层析和凝胶过滤层析获得高纯度的N蛋白.同时构建前导RNA的转录模板,经体外转录得到地高辛标记的RNA.使用Northwestern分析技术,我们证实纯化的N蛋白在体外可以与RNA发生特异性的结合.N蛋白与病毒RNA的结合特性及其在病毒生活周期中的所起作用的初步研究,为下一步设计出有效的阻断病毒周期从而达到抗病毒目的的药物或疫苗奠定了基础.     

SARS冠状病毒结构蛋白在血清学诊断中潜在应用价值的比较

为了确定特异的SARS抗体检测抗原,比较了SARS冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)主要结构蛋白与SARS患者血清的反应性。从SARS死亡患者的肺组织提取的总RNA为模板,用RT-PCR技术分别扩增S、N、M和E4种结构蛋白基因,对3种S截短突变体和N、M、E的重组蛋白在大肠杆菌中进行表达。以表达的蛋白为抗原,应用Western blot跟踪检测11例SARS患者血清54份。结果显示：SARS—CoV的重组N蛋白和s蛋白有很强的抗原性,s蛋白的3个区段的抗原性强弱存在差异,S3抗原性强于S1和s2;在患病第1周、2周、3周及3周以上,N蛋白和s3蛋白抗体检出率分别为40％、65。2％、100％、100％和40％、61％、76.2％、100％;提示SARS-CoV重组N蛋白和S3蛋白在SARS的血清学诊断中有一定的应用价值。     

壳聚糖酶的克隆表达与壳寡糖的制备分析

目的:克隆壳聚糖酶基因于大肠杆菌中实现高表达,制备壳寡糖。方法:以枯草芽孢杆菌总DNA为模板扩增壳聚糖酶基因(CSN),克隆至载体pET23a(+)上,转化菌株BL21(DE3)。重组子经0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE和质谱检测与鉴定重组酶。酶纯化后水解壳聚糖,薄层色谱分析其水解产物。结果:质谱证明壳聚糖酶(31.5kDa)成功表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的45%左右。纯化后重组酶浓度为900 mg/L,纯度95%、回收率85%,酶活力为10 000 U/mg。壳聚糖降解产物为壳二糖至壳四糖。结论:原核表达载体pET23a(+)-CSN构建正确,壳聚糖酶表达量与活性高,适用于水解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖。     

国内外蝗害治理技术现状与展望

本文首先概述了国内外蝗虫发生与为害的态势,总结了现阶段我国蝗虫发生与为害的主要特点:即农田飞蝗暴发频繁而且严重,草原土蝗的发生时常造成严重的经济损失,而且侵入城市干扰市民生活,我国与周边国家之间蝗虫过境迁移频繁,使用化学农药污染环境和农产品;分析了国内外蝗虫防治对策与技术的发展现状,重点介绍了应急防治和可持续治理对策、...     

Comparison of BMI and percentage of body fat of Indian and German children and adolescents

Today, serious health problems as overweight and obesity are not just constricted to the developed world, but also increase in the developing countries (Prentice 2006, Ramachandram et al. 2002). Focusing on this issue, BMI and percentage of body fat were compared in 2094 schoolchildren from two cross-sectional studies from India and Germany investigated in 2008 and 2009. The German children are in all age groups significantly taller, whereas the Indian children show higher values in BMI (e.g. 12 years: Indian: around 22 kg/m2; German: around 19 kg/m2) and in the percentage of body fat (e.g. 12 years: Indian: around 27%; German: around 18-20%) in most of the investigated age groups. The Indian children have significantly higher BMI between 10 and 13 (boys) respectively 14 years (girls). Indian children showed significant higher percentage of body fat between 10 and 15 years (boys) and between 8 and 16 years (girls). The difference in overweight between Indian and German children was strongest at 11 (boys) and 12 (girls) years: 70% of the Indian but 20% of the German children were classified as overweight. In countries such as India that undergo nutritional transition, a rapid increase in obesity and overweight is observed. In contrast to the industrialized countries, the risk of overweight in developing countries is associated with high socioeconomic status. Other reasons of the rapid increase of overweight in the developing countries caused by different environmental or genetic factors are discussed.     

Molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and assessment of zoonotic transmission

The molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is essential for accurately identifying organisms and assessing zoonotic transmission. Results of recent molecular epidemiological studies strongly suggest that zoonotic transmission plays an important role in cryptosporidiosis epidemiology. In such cases the most prevalent zoonotic species is Cryptosporidium parvum. Genotyping and subtyping data suggest that zoonotic transmission is not as prevalent in the epidemiology of giardiasis. Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is a relatively recent application that is evolving as new genes are found that increase the accuracy of identification while discovering a greater diversity of species and yet unnamed taxa within these two important genera. As molecular data accumulate, our understanding of the role of zoonotic transmission in epidemiology and clinical manifestations is becoming clearer.     

白术同源四倍体的诱导和鉴定及其与二倍体过氧化物酶的比较

以白术（Atractylodes macrooephala Koidz.）二倍体组培苗为材料,对其四倍体诱导方法进行研究,共获得45个白术同源四倍体株系,为优良株系的选育提供了材料。此外,还分析比较了其中8个白术四倍体株系与二倍体的过氧化物酶同工酶（POD）的酶谱差异,发现四倍体各株系过氧化物酶同工酶谱比二倍体的均多了Rf0.310的谱带,且总过氧化物酶比活力也发生了很大改变,对探讨白术四倍体优良株系的生理生化机理具有一定的参考价值。     

Synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phosphatidylserine of myelin and microsomal fractions of adult and developing rat brain.

The synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phospholipids was followed in microsomal and myelin fractions of developing and adult rat brains after an intracerebral injection of [U-14C]serine. The kinetics of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal and myelin cerebrosides indicate the possibility of a precursor-product relationship between cerebrosides of these membranes. The specific radioactivity of myelin cerebrosides was corrected for the deposition of newly formed cerebrosides in myelin. Multiphasic curves were obtained for the decline in specific radioactivity of myelin and microsomal cerebrosides, suggesting different cerebroside pools in these membranes. The half-life of the fast turning-over pool of cerebrosides of myelin was 7 and 22 days for the developing and adult rat brain respectively. The half-life of the slowly turning-over pool of myelin cerebrosides was about 145 days for both groups of animals. The half-life of the rapidly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was calculated to be 20 and 40 h for the developing and adult animals respectively. The half-life of the intermediate and slowly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was 11 and 60 days respectively, for both groups of animals. The amount of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal cerebrosides from L-serine was greatly decreased in the adult animals, and greater amounts of the precursor were directed towards the synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the developing animals, considerable amounts of cerebrosides were synthesized from L-serine, besides phosphatidylserine. The time-course of incorporation indicated that a precursor-product relationship exists between microsomal and myelin phosphatidylserine. The half-life of microsomal phosphatidylserine was calculated to be about 8 h for the fast turning-over pool in both groups of animals.