PP333及CCC对香椿试管苗增殖及生根移栽的影响

以MS+6-BA0.2mg·L-1+GA1.0mg·L-1为增殖基本培养基,分别附加不同浓度的PP333及CCC,其中10mg·L-1PP333及70mg·L-1CCC对香椿试管苗增殖生长有促进作用,尤以10mg·L-1PP333效果最好,同时可减轻玻璃化及愈伤组织发生;以1/2MS+IBA1.0mg·L-1为生根基本培养基,分别附加0.1mg·L-1PP333及10mg·L-1CCC,对试管苗生根壮苗有促进作用,而10mg·L-1CCC最适宜,小苗移栽成活率高.     

蒙花忍冬的组织培养与快速繁殖研究

以金银花 蒙花 品系的茎段为外植体 ,于 MS和 B5附加不同激素配比的培养基上 ,探讨愈伤组织形成和丛生芽诱导及生根培养的条件 .诱导愈伤组织和丛生芽的培养基为 B5+BA2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT0 .2～ 0 .5 mg· L- 1+IAA 0 .5～ 1 .0 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 ,继代增殖培养的培养基为 B5+BA 2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT 0 .5 m g·L- 1 +IAA1 .0 m g· L- 1 +L H1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1和 B5+BA2 .0 mg· L- 1 +KT0 .36 m g· L- 1 +IAA1 .0 mg· L- 1+CH 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 +1 / 2 MS :大量元素 ,生根培养基为 1 / 2 MS +IBA 0 .2 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 mg·L- 1 .结果表明 L H和 CH在金银花愈伤组织和丛生芽诱导方面具明显的作用     

海滨锦葵的组织培养和植株再生

1植物名称海滨锦葵[Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) K.PreslexGray]。2材料类别无菌苗茎段。3培养条件(1)愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+KT1.5mg·L-1(单位下同)+IAA2.0或MS+6-BA4.0+IBA0.2,以在培养基中加入50mg·L-1的肌醇效果较     

东方百合"索邦"的花器官培养与快速繁殖

以东方百合"索邦"(Lilium orential "Sorbonne")的花梗、花托、花瓣和花丝为外植体,进行了离体培养与快速繁殖研究.结果表明,4种花器官均可直接诱导产生不定芽,诱导不定芽的适宜培养基为N6+ BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + KT 1.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.2 mg·L-1;芽增殖的适宜培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L-1;生根与小鳞茎增殖的适宜培养基为1/2 MS+IBA 0.1～0.2mg·L-1.适宜的移栽基质为珍珠岩与营养土(3∶1)的混合基质.     

多效唑对欧李试管苗生长和生根的影响

欧李(Cerasus humilis Bunge,又名钙果)试管苗设置两组实验:(1)继代繁殖时,以MS为基本培养基,附加0.4mg·L-16-BA、0.04mg·L-1NAA、30g·L-1蔗糖和7g·L-1琼脂,加不同浓度多效唑,培养28d后,调查试管苗繁殖系数、嫩梢长度,观察茎杆细胞形态;(2)诱导生根时,以MS为基本培养基,附加3.0mg·L-1IAA、20g·L-1蔗糖和7g·L-1琼脂,加不同浓度多效唑,于温度(20±3)℃、光强约50μmol·m-2·s-1、10￣12h·d-1光照下,培养20d,调查生根情况。获得如下结果:1.加0.1mg·L-1多效唑的繁殖系数和嫩梢长度稍低于不加多效唑的;多效唑浓度超过0.1mg·…     

虎杖的组织培养与快速繁殖

以虎杖茎段、叶柄、叶片为外植体探讨了愈伤组织诱导、分化和植株再生的条件,筛选出茎段生长培养基为1/2MS+BA1.0mg·L-1+KT0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.2mg·L-1,茎段、叶柄和叶片外植体愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS+BA1.0～2.0mg·L-1+KT0.2～0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.2～0.5mg·L-1或MS+BA2.0～3.0mg·L-1+KT0.2～0.5mg·L-1+2,4-D0.5mg·L-1;丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+BA2.0mg·L-1+KT0.5mg·L-1+IBA0.2mg·L-1+LH1000;不定根及根状茎诱导培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.2mg·L-1.     

海滨锦葵胚轴愈伤组织诱导及植株再生

以海滨锦葵(Kosteletzkya virginica)胚轴为外植体,在9种不同激素配比的培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导、继代培养、不定芽分化及生根培养,确定了植株再生的最适培养条件:(1)愈伤组织诱导最适培养基为MS+IAA 1．0 mg·L-1+KT 0.3 mg·L-1+sucrose 30 g·L-1+agar 8 g·L-1,愈伤组织诱导率为93．94％;(2)不定芽诱导最适培养基为MS+IAA 0．1 mg·L-1+ZT 0．5 mg·L-1+sucrose 30 g·L-1+agar 8 g·L-1,不定芽诱导率为65．83％;(3)生根最适培养基为MS+sucrose 30 g·L-1+ agar 8 g·L-1,生根率为96．67％。炼苗移栽后,成活率可达85％。     

重瓣大岩桐的快速繁殖及其产业化技术程序

建立了重瓣大岩桐产业化快繁的工艺流程和各程序的最佳培养基及培养方式。重瓣大岩桐可在MS +6 BA 0 .5～2 .0mg·L-1+NAA 0 .1～ 0 .2mg·L-1的培养基上诱导丛芽和快速繁殖 ,增殖倍数达 6 .87;1/ 2MS +IBA 1.0mg·L-1+AC0 .5g·L-1诱导生根的生根率达 95 % ;珍珠岩加腐质土作移栽介质的成活率达 90 %以上。用自来水、食用白砂糖和食用琼脂作替代物的培养基对增殖倍数的影响差异不显著 ;结合液体静置培养 ,能有效地降低组培苗的成本 ;通过壮苗培养可提高组培苗的商品质量     

对生玉米离体培养再生体系的建立

以对生玉米的雌、雄幼穗为外植体,研究了不同质量浓度激素及其组合对愈伤组织诱导、再分化苗和试管苗生根的影响,建立了对生玉米离体培养再生体系。结果表明：长度为15-17 mm的雌、雄幼穗能够诱导出质量较好的愈伤组织,但只有来自于雄幼穗的愈伤组织才能再生成苗。适合愈伤组织诱导的培养基为Ms+1．5-2．0 mg·L-12,4-D+0．5 mg·L-16-BA+0．5 mg·L-1 NAA+500 mg·L-1脯氨酸+1000 mg·L-1水解酪蛋白+30 g·L-1蔗糖;适合愈伤组织再分化培养基为MS+1．5-2．0 mg·L-1 6-BA+0．1 mg·L-1 NAA+500 mg·L-1水解酪蛋白+30 g·L-1 蔗糖;适合试管苗生根培养基为1／2 MS+0．25-0．5 mg·L-1 IBA+20 g·L-1蔗糖。     

秦岭野百合鳞片植株再生体系的建立

以鳞片为外植体,建立了秦岭野百合(LiliumbrowniiF.E.Brown)植株再生体系。结果表明愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.0mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1,最适继代培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg·L-1+NAA0.1mg·L-1,幼苗根诱导的最适培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.3mg·L-1。随着培养时间的延长,生根率会不断提高,培养到30d,生根率可达100%。     

戈宝红麻生长速度的初步研究

通过对戈宝红麻野生苗和实生苗生长速度的观察、记录,结果其野生苗生长最快期平均1天可增长4.5cm(5月26日至29日);实生苗生长最快期平均1天可增长4.1 cm(5月26日至29日)。对实生苗生长的昼夜观察,一般8:00至14:00生长很慢,14:00至20:00以及夜间都在长高,但规律性不明显。     

丝瓜作砧木提高黄瓜耐涝性的研究

研究了涝害胁迫下黄瓜自根苗、南瓜砧嫁接苗和丝瓜砧嫁接苗的耐涝性能。结果表明：涝害胁迫时,丝瓜砧嫁接苗能维持较高的根系活力与较高的叶绿素含量;根系电解质渗出率、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧阴离子自由基(O2^-)的含量显著低于黄瓜自根苗和南瓜砧嫁接苗;根系SOD、POD和CAT等细胞保护酶活性高于黄瓜自根苗和南瓜砧嫁接苗;丝瓜作砧木可以提高黄瓜的耐涝性。     

橄榄幼树嫁接成活及长势调查研究

调查不同品种、嫁接方法、接穗贮藏时间、接穗老熟度、嫁接天气状况等因素对橄榄幼树嫁接成活率和生长势的影响。结果表明,橄榄幼树嫁接应选晴天,采1~2年生枝在2d内接完,腹接和嵌接方式互有优劣,不同品种嫁接效果差异很大。     

Effect of various pre-treatments on the seedling growth performance of Tamarindus indica L.

ABSTRACT

Pre-treatment of seeds of Tamarindus indica L. with 95% sulphuric acid for 5, 10 or 15 min, methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol or butanol for 10 or 20 min, or boiling water for 10, 15, 20 or 30 min, was used to determine the effect of the various treatments on the development and vigour of the resultant seedlings. Seeds immersed in methanol, ethanol and sulphuric acid for 10 min produced seedlings with high vigour     

Isolation of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase from non-hardened and hardened needles of Pinus sylvestris

Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, RuBP carboxylase (EC 4.1.1.39), was purified from non-hardened and hardened needles of Pinus sylvestris L. Needles were collected from pine seedlings cultivated in nutrient solution in a climate chamber from seedlings grown outdoors, and from a tree in a natural stand. The enzyme was isolated from crude extracts through quantitative precipitation in polyethylene glycol 4000 and MgCl₂, followed by sucrose gradient centrifugation in a fixed angle rotor. The purified enzyme seemed homogeneous by the criterion of (sodium dodecylsulphate) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Contamination by nucleic acids was negligible. The RuBP carboxylase protein content of the gradient fractions was estimated as A₂₈₀^{1 cm}× 0.61 mg ml⁻¹. Carboxylase activities were determined in a radioactive assay at 25°C. The specific activity of RuBP carboxylase isolated from non-hardened needles was approximately 1 μmol CO₂ (mg protein)⁻¹ min⁻¹. For enzyme isolated from hardened needles collected during winter the specific activity was somewhat lower due to loss of enzyme activity during the preparation. The described two-step procedure provides a means for quantitation of the RuBP carboxylase protein in pine needles during all seasons.     

Temporal and micro-spatial patterning of seedling establishment. Consequences for patch dynamics in the southern Monte,Argentina

We compared the temporal and micro-spatial patterning of seedling emergence and establishment of two cohorts of perennial grasses and shrubs in the southern Monte, Argentina. Samplings were carried out in two contrasting areas (grazed and non-grazed) during four years. We found lower densities of emerged and established seedlings of perennial grasses in the grazed relative to the non-grazed area. Conversely, emerged seedlings of shrubs did not vary between the grazed and the non-grazed area and densities of established shrub seedlings were higher in the grazed than in the non-grazed area. We only found differences between cohorts in seedling emergence of perennial grasses. These differences could be associated with the amount of precipitation in the year previous to the emergence. Both in the grazed and non-grazed area, seedlings of perennial grasses were concentrated at the periphery of plant patches. We defined a plant patch as a discrete unit of the spatial pattern of vegetation surrounded by, at least, 20 cm of bare soil from the nearest neighbour patch. Emergence in perennial grasses was more frequent at the southern/western patch-periphery than at other patch-periphery locations. Established seedlings of perennial grasses, however, were homogeneously distributed throughout patch periphery. Emergence in shrubs was more frequent at the centre and periphery of patches than at inter-patch microsites. In contrast, established seedlings of shrubs were homogeneously distributed among microsites. Our results suggests that differential seedling establishment between life forms is the outcome of complex biotic and abiotic interactions and feedbacks at the patch level between seedlings and established plants. Both life forms appear to have a different role in the origin, dynamics, and maintenance of spotting vegetation. Because of the ability to establish both at inter-patch and patch microsites, shrubs could be identified as colonizers or initiators of small plant patches in bare soil or they may contribute to increase the cover and size of pre-existing plant patches. Both processes would be promoted in grazed areas. Due to the ability to establish at patch peripheries, perennial grasses would contribute to the isodiametric growth of pre-existing patches, preferentially in non-grazed areas. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

酸雨胁迫对亚热带典型树种幼苗生长与光合作用的影响

通过对酸雨胁迫下中国亚热带典型针叶树和阔叶树,马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.)、甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.) Tutch.)、苦槠(Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Schott.)幼苗的光合生理研究,试图判断日益严重的酸雨是否会对中国亚热带森林产生影响,以便更好地对已退化的森林进行恢复.试验结果表明:在酸雨胁迫下,甜槠和杉木幼苗的高生长受到的影响不显著,而对马尾松幼苗的高生长有一定的促进作用;在pH4.0时,酸雨胁迫对甜槠、杉木和马尾松幼苗的地径生长有一定的促进;在不同酸雨处理下,苦槠、甜槠和马尾松幼苗的最大净光合速率随着酸雨浓度的增加而下降,说明这3种植物幼苗的光合能力受到影响,特别是阔叶树幼苗,苦槠和甜槠幼苗的最大净光合速率分别下降了30%和25%.     

A re-assestment of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde in sorghum bicolor seedlings

Free p-hydroxybenzaldehyde is present in seedlings previously heated to inactivate hydrolytic enzymes and in chloroform extracts of the surface. It is also present in epicuticular wax removed from plants by mechanical means.     

Seasonal physiology and growth of bottomland oaks of differing planting stocks in afforestation sites on the U.S. Gulf Coastal Plain

Hurricane Katrina caused large losses of bottomland hardwood forests on the Gulf Coastal Plain. Heavy‐seeded species such as oaks (Quercus) generally require direct planting for restoration after such losses. However, evaluating the performance of various oak planting stocks using biometric data alone can be challenging due to their slow juvenile growth and belowground carbon allocation. Our study goals were to evaluate physiological parameters including photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and water‐use efficiency (WUE) and their correlation with annual height growth to determine differences in functional performance and drought tolerance between seedling types and whether physiology can predict height growth. Monthly growing season gas exchange measurements were made on two oak species (Quercus texana and Quercus shumardii) and three planting stocks (bare root, conventional containerized, large containerized [LC]) planted on two sites in coastal Mississippi. We found that photosynthesis decreased throughout the growing season while stomatal conductances increased leading to decreasing WUEs in all seedling types. Physiological parameters differed across planting stocks but not species. Particularly, LC seedlings exhibited greater WUEs and sensitivity to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) suggesting increased moisture stress compared with other planting stocks. Across seedling types, photosynthesis, stomatal sensitivity to VPD, and seasonal changes in intrinsic WUE measured in year one of the study were significantly correlated with year two, but not year one height growth, suggesting belowground allocation of carbon during the first growing season. In total, these results highlight the use of physiological measurements in selecting successful planting stocks for various site conditions.     

优康唑提高柚树苗抗旱性的研究

柚树苗经100mg*L-1优康唑处理后,进行水分胁迫处理.优康唑处理能提高水分胁迫下叶片的水势和相对含水量,表明抗旱性提高.同时优康唑处理下,叶片超氧物歧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性和抗坏血酸,还原型谷胱甘肽和游离脯氨酸质量浓度均提高,而过氧化氢酶变化程度不大.实验结果表明,优康唑处理提高叶片对膜脂过氧化作用的防御能力可能是其提高柚树苗抗旱性的重要原因.