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1.
桑天牛头部附器感器的扫描电镜观察   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用扫描电镜观测桑天牛Apriona germari(Hope)成虫的触角、下颚须和下唇须上感器的分布及超微结构。结果表明,雌、雄桑天牛触角上共存在6种感器,即毛形感器、锥形感器、刺形感器、芽形感器、鳞形感器和棒形感器,其中锥形感器分5种亚型,刺形感器分2种亚型,且部分感器在雌雄成虫触角上的分布模式及数量存在差异,如棒形感器及角锥形感器丛模式仅在雄虫触角上发现,而雌虫触角上的细锥形感器和耳锥形感器多于雄虫,芽形感器少于雄虫;下颚须和下唇须存在5种感器,即毛形感器、刺形感器、末梢锥形感器、钟形感器和隙缝感器,各种感器在雌、雄天牛下颚须和下唇须上的分布和数量无明显的区别。  相似文献   

2.
触角和下唇须是昆虫头部的重要感觉器官,其上被有多种类型的感器。宽胫夜蛾Protoschinia scutosa是一种重要的农业害虫,但其触角和下唇须感器研究较少。本研究利用扫描电子显微镜观察了宽胫夜蛾的触角和下唇须感器的类型、分布和超微形态。宽胫夜蛾的雌雄触角均为丝状,雌虫触角鞭节明显短于雄虫。雌雄触角均分布有8种类型感器,分别为Bhm氏鬃毛、鳞形感器、毛形感器、刺形感器、耳形感器、锥形感器、腔锥形感器和栓锥形感器。其中,毛形感器数量最多,且雄性毛形感器的数量明显多于雌性。宽胫夜蛾的下唇须为长管状,雌雄下唇须长度无显著差异。共观察到5种类型感器,即毛形感器、钟形感器、鳞形感器、刺形感器和棒形感器。毛形感器分布在下唇须基部第1节和端部第3节的陷窝器内,钟形感器位于第1节毛形感器簇之中,鳞形感器在各节均有分布,刺形感器和棒形感器只见于第3节。并对宽胫夜蛾的触角和下唇须感器的功能进行初步的推测和讨论。为昆虫感器功能分析、分类学和行为学研究提供依据。  相似文献   

3.
利用扫描电子显微镜对3种隐翅虫成虫的下颚须和下唇须外部形态进行观察,结果表明,3种隐翅虫成虫的下颚须、下唇须末节感器变化较大。梭毒隐翅虫Paederus fuscipes Curtis下颚须末节有毛形感器、刚毛形感器、柱形感器、感器簇和板形感器,其中柱形感器、感器簇和板形感器在其它昆虫下颚须中未见报道,下唇须末节有锥形感器。闪蓝束毛隐翅虫Dianous coeruleotinctus Puthz和瘦突眼隐翅虫Stenus tenuipes Sharp下颚须、下唇须末节较光滑,仅闪蓝束毛隐翅虫下颚须末节有孔状结构。此外,文中还探讨了这些感器的功能及在分类学上的意义。  相似文献   

4.
肖方叔  刘强 《昆虫知识》2011,48(3):680-687
利用扫描电镜对红缘天牛Asias halodendri(Pallas)的触角、下颚须和下唇须上嗅觉感受器的类型、超微形态结构及分布等特点进行观察。结果表明,红缘天牛触角、下颚须和下唇须上的嗅觉感器共有6类14种。触角上感器共有2类9种,即毛形感器1种,锥形感器8种;触角上毛形感器和Ⅱ型锥形感器长度在雌雄间有显著性差异;Ⅲ型、Ⅶ型和Ⅷ型锥形感器为雌性触角上所特有;Ⅵ型锥形感器仅见于雄性触角;触角上的感受器总数雌性数量多于雄性,背面略多于腹面和侧面。下颚须及下唇须上嗅感器共4类5种,即栓锥形感器2种、板形感器、钟形感器和边缘凹槽形感器各1种;雌性的边缘凹槽形感器明显高于雄性;下颚须和下唇须上雄性感器总数较多,腹面数量多于背面。  相似文献   

5.
松墨天牛成虫头部感受器超微结构的观察   总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4  
宁眺  刘拥军  孙江华 《昆虫知识》2004,41(6):566-571
扫描电镜观察表明 ,松墨天牛MonochamusalternatusHope成虫头部存在 1 1种感受器。触角有 8种 ,下颚须和下唇须有 6种。栓锥感受器Ⅰ型、毛形感受器Ⅰ型及刺形感受器为触角、下颚须和下唇须共有。触角特有栓锥感受器Ⅱ型、毛形感受器Ⅱ型、锥形感受器以及柱形感受器Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型。下颚须及下唇须特有钟形感受器、坛形感受器和板形感受器。松墨天牛成虫触角感受器在种类、数量和分布上存在性别差异 ,雌雄虫的下颚须和下唇须感受器数量有所不同。  相似文献   

6.
吴婧  王佳  董鹏  王进军 《昆虫知识》2007,44(2):244-248
利用扫描电子显微镜观察了黑胸大蠊Periplanetafuliginosa(Serville)成虫下颚须和下唇须上的感器形态。结果发现,在黑胸大蠊下颚须和下庸须末节顶端何感器密集区,尤其是下颚须第5节内侧顶端,有一狭长沟壑,内有大量的带槽锥形感器。通过重点观察感器密集区,发现主要有5~6种类型感器,分别为带槽锥形、毛形、刺形、钟形、齿状、针形感器,其中有些感器又可分为几种亚类型。比较研究发现下颚须和下唇须上感器类型除了带槽锥形感器以外基本相似,只是数量上有区别。  相似文献   

7.
利用扫描电子显微镜观察了越北腹露蝗Fruhstorferiola tonkinensis Will.成虫口器的上唇、下颚须和下唇须上的感器形态和数量分布.结果表明:越北腹露蝗下唇须3节,下颚须5节,在上唇和唇基、下唇须和下颚须端点及各节上具有感器.口器感器共5种:毛形感器(sensilla trichodea)、刺形感器(sensilla chaetica)、锥形感器(sensilla basiconica)、腔锥形感器(sensilla coeloclnica)和盾形感器(sensilla scutellatum),其中毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器分别着生于上唇和唇基、下唇须和下颚须端点及各节表面,腔锥形感器(sensilla coeloclnica)只限于上唇外表面,盾形感器只限于下唇须和下颚须端点.推测了口器感器的功能,为了解越北腹露蝗的取食行为奠定基础.  相似文献   

8.
小地老虎雌蛾触角及幼虫头部感受器扫描电镜观察   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
【目的】为了解小地老虎Agrotis ypsilon(Rottemberg)雌蛾触角及幼虫头部感受器的种类、形态、数量和分布。【方法】利用扫描电镜技术观察了小地老虎雌蛾触角及5龄幼虫头部形态及触角和口器上的感受器。【结果】小地老虎雌蛾触角上共分布有5种类型的感受器,分别为毛形感器、刺形感器、腔锥形感器、耳形感器、锥形感器。5龄幼虫头部呈椭圆形,口器下口式,为咀嚼式口器,头部可见触角、单眼、蜕裂线、刚毛、唇基、额、上唇、上颚、下颚、下颚须、下唇、下唇须及吐丝器等结构;触角上着生1个毛形感器和4个锥形感器;上颚分布有1个毛形感器和1个刺形感器;在下颚及下颚须上共分布有3个毛形感器、3个刺形感器、4个锥形感器和1个栓锥形感器;下唇须上有1个栓锥形感器和1个锥形感器;吐丝器前方两侧有1对刺形感器。【结论】小地老虎雌蛾触角上的感受器比幼虫头部的多,推测雌蛾利用它们来完成寄主植物和产卵环境选择;幼虫口器附肢上的感受器具有味觉和嗅觉功能,幼虫利用它们判断食物的种类和适合性。  相似文献   

9.
灰茶尺蠖成虫触角及幼虫头部感器超微结构   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
【目的】明确灰茶尺蠖Ectropis grisescens成虫触角及幼虫头部感器的种类、形态、数量和分布,以探讨灰茶尺蠖的行为机制。【方法】利用扫描电镜技术观察灰茶尺蠖雌、雄成虫触角和5龄幼虫头部感器的超微结构。【结果】灰茶尺蠖成虫触角上分布有8种感器,分别是栓锥形感器、耳形感器、毛形感器(Ⅰ-Ⅳ)、Böhm氏鬃毛、腔锥形感器(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)、鳞形感器、锥形感器(Ⅰ和Ⅱ)和刺形感器。其中,栓锥形感器仅分布在雌蛾触角上,耳形感器、毛形感器(STⅠ-Ⅲ)仅分布在雄虫触角上。5龄幼虫触角上着生1个栓锥形感器、1个锥形感器和2个刺形感器;上唇着生有6对刺形感器,内唇着生有3对刺形感器和1对指形感器;上颚基部外侧着生有2个刺形感器;下颚及下颚须着生有5个刺形感器、9个锥形感器和2个栓锥形感器;下唇须着生有1个锥形感器和1个刺形感器;吐丝器前端着生有1对刺形感器。【结论】灰茶尺蠖雌、雄成虫触角感器存在性二型性,且雄虫上感器种类和数量较多,据此推测雄虫感受寄主植物或性信息素的能力较强;幼虫头部感器具有嗅觉和味觉功能,在其判断食物的种类和适应性等生态行为中发挥重要作用。  相似文献   

10.
椰心叶甲啮小蜂触角感觉器的扫描电镜观察   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
辛星  马子龙  覃伟权 《昆虫知识》2010,47(5):933-937
应用扫描电镜(SEM)对椰心叶甲啮小蜂Tetrastichus brontispae Ferrière成虫触角感器的超微结构进行观察。结果表明,在触角上共有8种感器,分别为毛形感器、多孔板状感器、刺形感器、锥形感器、耳形感器、乳状感器、腔形感器和Bhm氏鬃毛;其中毛形感器和板形感器是主要感器,数量较多分布较广;雌雄蜂触角有明显的性二型现象,表现为雌雄触角大小不同,触角感器类型、大小、数量、分布不同。  相似文献   

11.
【目的】明确小菜蛾Plutella xylostella成虫下唇须感器的形态结构及感器神经元的投射。【方法】利用光学显微镜观察和扫描电子显微镜观察下唇须结构和感器类型,利用神经回填技术和激光共聚焦显微镜观察下唇须感器神经元在脑部的投射。【结果】小菜蛾成虫下唇须共3节,其上存在Böhm氏鬃毛、钟形感器、鳞形感器、锥形感器、微毛形感器5种不同类型的感器和一个陷窝器结构。Böhm氏鬃毛短小尖细,钟形感器形如顶部凹陷的圆帽,两种感器均分布于下唇须第1节,且大小上均无雌雄二型差异;鳞形感器形同柳叶,锥形感器粗而直,均散生于下唇须的第2和3节,两种感器在大小上均存在雌雄二型差异,其中雌性的鳞形感器显著大于雄性的,根据其雌雄二型差异现象推测雌蛾的鳞形感器可能与感受寄主植物挥发物有关;下唇须第3节中上部具有一个圆形陷窝器结构,雄虫的陷窝器内径为5.68±0.33 μm,雌虫的为6.03±0.23 μm,雌雄间无显著性差异;凹坑内长有表面光滑的微毛形感器。小菜蛾下唇须感器神经元主要投射于脑部咽下神经节、每个触角叶的下唇须陷窝器神经纤维球和腹神经索3条通路。【结论】阐明了小菜蛾下唇须感器的类型、分布和形态特征及其感器神经元在脑部的投射形态,为深入了解小菜蛾下唇须感器的生理和功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

12.
The sensilla on labial palps in Locusta migratoria were observed and mapped using light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. A dome region on the tip of the fourth segment (distal segment) of labial palps is mainly covered with sensilla chaetica (about 98%), and few sensilla basiconica (2%). The total number of both types of sensilla is significantly higher in females than in males. Sensilla chaetica can be further subdivided into three groups containing 6, 7 or 10 neurons. Immunocytochemical localization of odorant-binding protein (OBP) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs) was performed on ultrathin sections of sensilla on labial palps. The antiserum against odorant-binding protein from Locusta migratoria (LmigOBP) only labelled sensilla basiconica, with gold granules only found in the sensillum lymph. Chemosensory protein instead was specifically present in the outer sensillum lymph of all three subgroups of sensilla chaetica with antiserum against CSP-I from Schistocerca gregaria (SgreCSP-I). In contrast these three subgroups were never labelled with antiserum against CSP-II from Locusta migratoria (LmigCSP-II). In addition, a few sensilla chaetica could not be stained with any of the antisera used.  相似文献   

13.
Most species of Staphylinidae are predators in an agroecosystem. They acquire prey information from their environment through receptors. In this study, the sensilla on maxillary and labial palps of Philonthus kailiensis, Philonthus lewisius and Quedius robustus were examined with scanning electron microscopy to identify and analyse the external morphology and distribution of the sensilla to enhance our knowledge of the sensilla of Staphylinidae and provide a rationale of taxonomical studies on the two genus. Results showed that the sensilla are classified into six types: Böhm bristles, sensilla chaetica, sensilla furcate, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla placodea and sensilla basiconica. No sexual dimorphism exists among the three species. The relationships and functions of sensilla on maxillary and labial palps were also speculated. There may be a certain correlation between the sensilla on maxillary and labial palps of the staphylinid and its habitat.  相似文献   

14.
应用扫描电镜观察七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata的唇须和附节,以便确认在感应农药残留时起主要作用的化学感受器。研究证明分布在下颚须上的感器类型包括两种锥形感器(兼有机械感受器和化学感受器的功能)和一种钟形感器。同时本文首次报道了对这些感器精确的形态测量,明确了其性二型性。对下颚须的测量表明其左右末节的长度差异与七星瓢虫的性别之间有明显的相关性。文中还记述了下唇须上一种新的钟形感器,其在每个下唇须上的数量大约为12~17个。经测量这些机械感受器的平均直径为2.4 μm。早期研究中所记述的锥形感器被证实是下唇须上仅有的化学感应器,并且首次证明这些锥形感器的数量与性别相关,雄性平均为18个,雌性平均为16个。附节上也存在性别差异: 第2跗节跗垫的宽度在雄性中是从后向前逐渐增大,而在雌性中刚好相反。本文还就这些差异的意义以及新发现感器的功能进行了讨论。  相似文献   

15.
The various sensilla on the antennae and on the labial and maxillary palps of Blattella germanica (L.) were studied. Thick-walled chemoreceptors with fluted shafts and articulated bases are located on the antennae and on the labial and maxillary palps. Thin-walled chemoreceptors, without fluted shafts or articulated bases, are restricted to the flagellar segments of the antennae and to the distal segments of the palps. Antennae of adult males have more thin-walled chemoreceptors than do those of females. Hair-plate sensilla are found at the scape-head and scape-pedicel joints, and at the joints of segments on the palps. Campaniform sensilla are concentrated as a ring around the distal margin of the pedicel, and are also scattered singly on the scape, pedicel, and flagellar segments of the antennae, and on the first segment of the maxillary palps. Occasionally, a few sensilla coeloconica and cold receptor sensilla are found on the antennal flagellum.  相似文献   

16.
The labial palps and their sensilla of the peach fruit moth Carposina sasakii Matsumura, a serious pest of pome fruits in eastern Asia, were investigated using light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The labial palps are three‐segmented and exhibit distinct sexual dimorphism in length: much longer in the female than in the male. Four types of sensilla were found on the labial palps: campaniform, squamiform, chaetic and flattened sensilla. The campaniform sensilla are present on the first segment alone. The squamiform sensilla are located on all the three segments. The chaetic sensilla are mainly present on the third segment. The flattened sensilla are grooved with wall pores and situated in a labial palp‐pit organ, which is located at the apex of the distal segment of the labial palp. The sexual dimorphism of the labial palp and the labial palp‐pit organ was briefly discussed.  相似文献   

17.
Chlorophorus caragana is a species of long‐horned beetle that damages Caragana davazamcii Sancz. (Fabales: Papilionaceae) bushes in desert areas in China. The beetles cause substantial damage to local forestry plantations and the environment. Sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps of coleopterans a allow the insects to recognize their host plants. We used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to study the ultrastructure, distribution, and abundance of various sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps of C. caragana. We found four types of sensilla including ten subtypes: one of Böhm's bristles, three of sensilla chaetica, one of digitiform sensilla, and five of sensilla twig basiconica. The types and distribution of the sensilla on the maxillary and labial palps were highly similar between males and females. Finally, this article discusses the functions of the sensilla of related species in recognizing hosts and the significance of gustation studies in the context of the control of C. caragana.  相似文献   

18.
《Journal of Asia》2020,23(4):1165-1180
Drosophila suzukii is a serious horticultural and quarantine pest, damaging various berry crops. Although the active use of olfactory communication in D. suzukii is well-known, their olfactory sensory system has not been comprehensively reported. Therefore, the present study was carried out to understand the morphology, distribution and ultrastructure of olfactory sensilla present in the antennae and maxillary palps of D. suzukii, through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The olfactory sensilla on the antennae of D. suzukii in both sexes could be classified into three major morphological types, basiconic, trichoid and coeloconic sensilla, according to their shapes. The antennal basiconic sensilla were further divided into three subtypes and the antennal trichoid sensilla into two subtypes, respectively, according to the size of individual sensillum. In contrast to the antennal olfactory sensilla showing diverse morphology, basiconic sensilla was the only type of olfactory sensilla in the maxillary palps of D. suzukii. The basiconic sensilla in the maxillary palps could be further classified into three subtypes, based on their size. Our SEM and TEM observations indicated that multiple nanoscale pores are present on the surface of all types of olfactory sensilla in the antennae and maxillary palps, except coeloconic sensilla. The difference in the morphological types and the distribution of olfactory sensilla suggests that their olfactory functions are different between antennae and maxillary palps in D. suzukii. The results of this study provide useful information for further studies to determine the function of olfactory sensilla in D. suzukii and to understand their chemical communication system.  相似文献   

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