西伯利亚百合花挥发油化学成分的研究

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对西伯利亚百合花挥发性化学成分进行分析和鉴定,经毛细管色谱分离出49个峰,共确认了其中47种化合物,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的99．89％。用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各组分的相对百分含量,其化学成分主要为：( ／-)-1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯)-环己烯(66．00％);3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇(19．37％);4-甲基-l-(1-甲基乙基)-3-环己烯-1-醇(3．33％);1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-1,4-环己二烯(2．72％);2-氨基苯甲酸-3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-酯(1．76％)。以上5种化合物占总挥发油的93．18％。     

巴巴拉百合花的天然香气成分研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法对巴巴拉百合花挥发油进行了提取．通过毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法分离并鉴定了其化学成分．并用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量。共分离出62个峰,确定了其中60种化合物,所鉴定化合物的含量占全油的99．71％．主要化学成分为：萜二烯(59．43％);3,7-二甲基-1．6-辛二烯-3-醇(20．10％);(R)-4-甲基-1-(1-甲基乙基)-3-环己烯1醇(11．32％);3异丙烯基-5,5-二甲基环已烯(4．05％);2-氨基苯甲酸-3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-酯(3．52％);( )-α-萜品醇(p-薄荷-1-酮-8-醇)(2．22%);β-月桂烯(1．08％)。以上7种化合物占总挥发油的94．72％。     

湿地蒿挥发油成分研究

目的:分析湿地蒿的化学成分. 方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法对湿地蒿挥发性化学成分进行了分析,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量. 结果:经毛细管色谱分离了38个峰,并鉴定出峰所对应的化合物.其主要化学成分为7,11-二甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯(56.20%);IR-α-蒎烯(18.63%);3-(苯二甲酰亚氨甲基)-苯甲酸(4.8%);1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙基)-1,4-环己二烯(3.46%);6,6-二甲基-2-亚甲基-[3,1,1]二环庚烷(1.41%);庚烷(1.28%)等.     

茶树挥发油化学成分的研究

采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱(CGC-MS)联用技术对茶树挥发油的化学成分进行研究,经毛细管气相色谱分离出47个峰,共确认了其中39种成分,占总油量的97％。其主要成分是4-甲基-1-(1-甲乙基)-3-环己烯-1-醇、1-甲基-4-(1-甲乙基)-1,4-环己烯、桉叶油素、( )-4-蒈烯等。     

白叶蒿挥发油成分研究

目的：分析白叶蒿的化学成分。方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法对白叶蒿挥发性化学成分进行了分析,用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量。结果：经毛细管色谱分离出31个峰,并鉴定出峰所对应的化合物。其主要化学成分为2,5-辛二烯（41．41％）;（z,z）-3,5辛二烯（17．87％）;桉油醇（6．75％）;3,3,6-三甲基-1,5-庚二烯-4-酮（3．26％）;1-甲氧基-4-（2-丙烯基）-苯（2．79％）;3,3,4,4-四甲基己烷（2．71％）;1R—α-蒎烯（2．67％）;（1-甲基-1,2-丙二烯基）环丙烷（2．61％）;7,11-二甲基-3-亚甲基-1,6,10-十二碳三烯（2．30％）等。结论：报道了白叶蒿的化学成分,为进一步开发利用提供了科学依据。     

长叶水麻挥发性化学成分研究

长叶水麻(Debregeasia longifolia (Burm.f.) Wedd.)是荨麻科植物,果可食,根入药,除风湿。本文采用毛细管气相色谱_质谱联用法对长叶水麻挥发性化学成分进行了研究,经毛细管色谱分离出108个峰,共确认了其中83种成分。用气相色谱面积归一化法测定了各成分的相对百分含量,分析鉴定结果表明,长叶水麻挥发油主要化学成分为丁基化羟基甲苯、十五烷、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、2,6-二甲基奈、癸酸乙酯、十八烷、丁二酸二乙酯、3,7-二甲基-1,6辛二烯-3-酮等,化合物类型以烃、脂肪酸和酯、醇、酮、芳香和芳香杂环化合物为主。     

藏药裸茎金腰挥发性化学成分研究

用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法,首次分析了藏药裸茎金腰(Chrysosplenium nudicaule Bunge)挥发性化学成分,经毛细管色谱分离出95个峰,共鉴定了其中78种成分。分析鉴定结果表明,裸茎金腰挥发性主要化学成分为二十烷、十六烷酸乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、(Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八烯酸乙酯、2,6-二叔丁基-对甲苯酚、5,6,7,7α-四氢-4,4,7α-三甲基-2,(4H)-苯并呋喃酮等。化合物类型以烃、烯烃、脂肪酸酯、酮、芳香类和芳香杂环化合物为主。     

GC-MS法分析曼陀罗挥发油的化学成分

用水蒸气蒸馏法从曼陀罗中提取挥发油,并用气相色谱/质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油的化学成分进行分离鉴定,用气相色谱峰面积归一化法确定各组分的相对含量.结果从曼陀罗挥发油中鉴定出58种化合物,占总挥发油量的92.37%.其中主要成分为5,6-二氢-6-戊基-2H-吡喃-2-酮(44.29%)、二苯胺(12.50%)、四十四烷(10.41%)、二十烷(4.19%)、(E)-3-己烯-1-醇(2.38%)、3,7,11,15-四甲基-2-十六碳烯-1-醇(2.28%)等.     

假烟叶树叶挥发油化学成分分析

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法、两相溶剂萃取法提取,运用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用法结合计算机检索对茄科植物假烟叶树(Solanum verbascifoliumL.)叶挥发油的化学成分进行分析和鉴定。其新鲜叶片提取10 h的挥发油得率为0.0611%。经毛细管色谱分离出18个峰,共鉴定出17种化合物,占挥发油总量的99.73%;用气相色谱面积归一化法计算各组分的相对含量,其主要化学成分为:大牻牛儿烯D(37.07%),咕巴烯(26.29%),1β-(1-甲基乙基)-4,7-二甲基-1α,2,4a()β,5,8,8a()α-六氢萘(13.63%),石竹烯(8.03%),1-β乙烯基-1-α甲基-2,β4-β双(1-甲基乙烯基)-环己烷(5.81%),-γ榄香烯(2.16%),α-筚澄茄油烯(2.06%),异喇叭烯(0.98%)。以上8种化合物占总挥发油含量的90.22%。     

木荷花挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

采用无水乙醚超声萃取得到新鲜木荷(Schima superba)花浸膏提取物,顶空固相微萃取富集挥发性成分,气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析,归一化法计算各组分的相对含量.鉴定出挥发性化合物中的51个成分,约占相对总含量的99%;挥发性成分中含氧化合物的含量超过93%,其中主要的化合物及其相对含量为酮代异佛尔酮(26.33%)、氧化芳樟醇(19.53%)、环氧芳樟醇(8.80%)、3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯-1-醇(8.23%)、白藜芦素(7.89%)、4-羟基3,5,5-三甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮(6.54%)、2,6,6-三甲基-1,4-环己二酮(4.06%)、苯乙醇(2.17%)、2-甲基-2-壬烯-1-醇(2.04%)等.     

箭叶橐吾挥发油化学成分的研究

运用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术,结合标准谱库,对青海产箭叶橐吾的挥发油成分进行了研究,分离鉴定了39个化合物,主要成分为2-甲基丁烯酸(5．001％)、顺-β松油醇(2．082％)、反-β-松油醇(4．069％)、4-甲基-1-异丙基-R-3-环己烯-1-醇(15．467％)、十二烷(2．181％)、十四烷(2．276％)、Tau．-Muurolol(3．108％)、α-杜松醇(5．682％)、十六醛(2．266％)、6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮(3．421％)、三十烷(2．370％)、二十五烷(3．766％)等。     

桂产罗勒挥发油化学成分的分析

采用GC-MS法建立桂产罗勒挥发油的化学成分分析方法。采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取罗勒挥发油,用GC-MS联用技术分离并鉴定其成分,并用面积归一化法测定成分的相对含量。共鉴定出54个化合物,占挥发油总量的90.21%。桂产罗勒挥发油的主要成分是对烯丙基茴香醚、(+)表-双环倍半水芹烯、3,7,11-三甲基-(Z,E)-1,3,6,10-十二碳四烯,与文献报道的其他产地的罗勒油的化学成分存在显著差异。     

Fatty acid constituents of Peganum harmala plant using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy

Fatty acid contents of the Peganum harmala plant as a result of hexane extraction were analyzed using GC–MS. The saturated fatty acid composition of the harmal plant was tetradecanoic, pentadecanoic, tridecanoic, hexadecanoic, heptadecanoic and octadecanoic acids, while the saturated fatty acid derivatives were 12-methyl tetradecanoic, 5,9,13-trimethyl tetradecanoic and 2-methyl octadecanoic acids. The most abundant fatty acid was hexadecanoic with concentration 48.13% followed by octadecanoic with concentration 13.80%. There are four unsaturated fatty acids called (E)-9-dodecenoic, (Z)-9-hexadecenoic, (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic and (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic. The most abundant unsaturated fatty acid was (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic with concentration 14.79% followed by (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic with concentration 10.61%. Also, there are eight non-fatty acid compounds 1-octadecene, 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone, (E)-15-heptadecenal, oxacyclohexadecan-2 one, 1,2,2,6,8-pentamethyl-7-oxabicyclo[4.3.1]dec-8-en-10-one, hexadecane-1,2-diol, n-heneicosane and eicosan-3-ol.     

Evaluation of substituted oxime ethers for growth regulatory activity against Spodoptera litura (F.)

Insect growth regulatory activity (IGR) of fifty-two substituted oxime ethers were evaluated against an important polyphagous lepidopteran crop pest, Spodoptera litura (F.). A number of compounds produced symptoms comparable to exogenously applied juvenile hormone. Maximum IGR activity was exhibited by 4'-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen- -yl)-3'-buten-2'(E)-ketoxime-N-O-alkyl ether with an ED50 (morphological) of 40 microg g(-1) body weight, compared to 20 microg g(-1) of JH III. Two more compounds namely 4'-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3'-buten-2'(Z)-ketoxime-N-O-methyl propyl ether (ED50 192 microg g(-1)) and 4'-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3'-buten-2'(E)-ketoxime-N-O-pentyl ether (ED50 380 microg g(-1)) showed considerable IGR activity, whereas 4'-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3'-buten-2'(E)-ketoxime-N-O-pentyl ether was found to be toxic to the larvae (ED50 268 microg g(-1)). Three compounds used in this study were also synergised by piperonyl butoxide (PBO). The synergistic ratios were found in the range of 1.33 to 4.605. The ovicidal activity of the oxime ethers is not significant.     

Unusual naphthoquinones, catechin and triterpene from Byrsonima microphylla

The new triterpene Delta1-lupenone (1), together with lupeol, beta-amyrin and betulin were isolated from the wood of Byrsonima microphylla (Malpighiaceae). The new compounds 3-hydroxy-2-methoxy-8,8,10-trimethyl-8H-antracen-1,4,5-trione (2), 3,7-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-8,8,10-trimethyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-antracen-1,4,5-trione (3), (2S*,10aR*)-2,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-1,1,7-trimethyl-2,3,10, 10a-tetrahydro-1H-fenantren-9-one (4) and (2S,3S)-3'-hydroxy-4',5,7-trimethoxy-flavan-3-ol (5) were also isolated through monitored TLC using the antioxidant beta-carotene reagent. The antioxidant potential of the compounds 2-5 was measured and none of them showed activity. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic analysis based on NMR techniques (1H, 13C NMR, COSY, nOe difference, HMQC and HMBC), UV and MS.     

Aporphinoid alkaloids and other constituents from Lettowianthus stellatus

Two new aporphinoid alkaloids, f1ttowianthine and 11-methoxylettowianthine were isolated from the root bark of Lettowianthus stellatus, together with the new sesquiterpene 11-hydroxyguaia-4,6-diene and the known compounds liriodenine, (Z)-7-octadecen-9-ynoic acid, methyl (2E,6E,10R)-10,11-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate, methyl (2E,6E,10R)-10,11-dihydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6-dodecadienoate , and 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol. The structure elucidation was achieved by spectroscopic methods.     

雌性中缅树鼩繁殖期尿液的挥发性成分分析

正动物化学通讯包含信号发出者、化学信号、信号接收者三要素。尿液、粪便及特化腺分泌物是哺乳动物的主要气味源,由醇、烷烃、酸、酯、肽、蛋白质等组成,且其化学成分较为复杂(Novotny et al.,1999;Zhao and Wang,2010;Zhang and Zhang,2011)。尿液中化学信号发挥着极为重要作用,可以编码多种信息,如编码身体质量     

Effect of an anti-ulcer drug, plaunotol, and its metabolites on NAD+ dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase from gastric mucosa

15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase was partially purified from hog gastric mucosa by about 1000-fold with a 13.5% yield. Its molecular weight was estimated to be 32,000 daltons by gel filtration. The enzyme was inhibited by some metabolites of plaunotol [(2E, 6Z, 10E)-7-hydroxymethyl-3,11,15-trimethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetrae n-1- ol], a new anti-ulcer drug. The inhibition patterns for substrates, prostaglandin E1 and NAD+ were both uncompetitive with Ki values of 7.8 and 19.7 microM, respectively.