论寒武系馒头组三叶虫群星虫属(Asteromajia)北大核心CSCD

根据山东长清县张夏镇馒头山馒头组采集到的三叶虫新材料,重新厘定和恢复群星虫(Asteromajia Nan and Chang,1982)作为裂头虫科内有效属名的地位,将徐庄虫(Hsuchuangia Lu and Zhu in Qiu et al.,1983),八公山虫(Bagongshania Lin in Qiu et al.,1983)作为群星虫的晚出异名。修订我国以往所描述的毛庄期和徐庄期4个属(Kochaspis Resser,1935,Asteromajia Nan and Chang,1982,Hsuchuangia Lu and Zhu in Qiu et al.,1983,Bagongshania Lin in Qiu et al.,1983)内的15个种的特征和头尾搭配,归并为4属,10种:Temnoura huoshanensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),Zhongtiaoshanaspis angustilimbata(Meng in Zhou et al.,1977),Solenoparia funingensis(An in Duan et al.,2005),Asteromajia hsuchuangensis(Lu in Lu and Dong,1952),A.quadrata(Resser and Endo,1937),A.liuheensis(An,1966),A.huainanensis(Lin in Qiu et al.,1983),A.lüliangshanensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),A.?yangchengensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),A.?longiceps(Lu and Zhu,2001),其中后2个种的归属尚有疑问。     

也论三叶虫群星虫属(Asteromajia)

袁金良等(2014)发表的《论寒武系馒头组三叶虫群星虫属(Asteromajia)》一文中,将我国以往所描述的4个属(Kochaspis Resser,1935,Asteromajia Nan and Chang,1982,Hsuchuangia Lu and Zhu in Qiu et al.,1983,Bagongshania Lin in Qiu et al.,1983)及对应的15个种,归并为1属7种:Asteromajia hsuchuangensis(Lu in Lu and Dong,1952),A.quadrata(Resser and Endo,1937),A.liuheensis(An,1966),A.huainanensis(Lin in Qiu et al.,1983),A.luliangshanensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),A.?yangchengensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),A.?longiceps(Lu and Zhu,2001)。文中作者通过对原4属15种的属征和模式种特征进行相互对比研究,重新归并为2属6种:Asteromajia duplicata Nan and Chang,1982,Asteromajia hsuchuangensis(Lu,1952),Bagongshania huainanensis Lin,1983,B.quadrata(Resser and Endo,1937),B.luliangshanensis(Zhang and Wang,1985),B.longiceps(Lu and Zhu,2001)。     

峡东地区早寒武世水井沱组古盘虫类三叶虫的再研究

对峡东和邻近地区早寒武世古盘虫类三叶虫的再研究,支持将Emeidiscus Li,1980;Mianxrindiscus S．Zhang et Zhu in Zhang et al,1980;Mianxiandiscus(Liangshandiscus)S．Zhang in Zhang et al．,1980;Hupeidiscus Chang in Lu et al．,1974;Guizhoudiscus S．Zhang in Zhang et al．,1980;Shizhudiscus S．Zhang et Zhu in Zhang et al．,1980等属作为Tsunyidiscus Chang,1966的同义名的意见。并对前人所建立的有关属的种,进行了重新研究和整理,作了大量的归并和修订。就目前所知道,峡东地区早寒武世水井沱组的古盘虫类三叶虫仅有Tsunyidiscus Chang,1966和Sinodiscus Chang in Lu et al,1974两属。Hupeidiscus经修订归入Tsunyidiscus Chang,1966后,原Hebediscus orientalis Chang,1953(即原Hupeidiscus的模式种)一种的种名与Tsunyidiscus orientalis(Walcott,1905)重名,故将前者重新命名为Tsunyidiscus pertenus nom．nov．。文中还记述了湖北宜昌、秭归等地的早寒武世古盘虫类三叶虫2属3种,包括Tsunyidiscus yanjiazhaiensis S．Zhang,Zhou et Yuan in Yin and Li,1978;Tsunyidisacutus(Sun,1983);Sinodiscus changyangensis S．Zhang in Zhou et al．,1977。     

The post-genomics era of cotton

正As one of the important industrial crops and also an excellent model organism for studying cell elongation,cell wall biosynthesis as well as polyploidy evolution,cotton has always been in the limelight of the world(Shi et al.,2006;Qin and Zhu,2011).With the publication of the allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense genomes this year(Li et al.,2015;Zhang et al.,2015;Liu et al.,2015),all three important cotton genomes,including the two ancestor diploid Gossypium raimondii(DD)(Wang et al.,2012;Paterson et al.,2012)and Gossypium arboreum(AA)(Li et al.,2014)have been successfully sequenced by scientists from China and from the United States of America.Since functional studies of Arabidopsis thaliana and     

论Mufushania三叶虫分类

通过对我国己经正式发表的Mufushania三叶虫的18个种模式标本的头盖特征进行Q型聚类分析,并结合传统定性分析后,提出其中Mufushania shalangensis Zhang and Zhou inZhang et al.,1980,M.angustilimbata Zhang and Zhou inZhang et al.,1980,和M.kailiensis(Yuan in Yuan et al.,2002)(=Elrathiella kailiensis Zhou in Lu et al.,1974)等3种应从Mufushania属中删除,对余下15个种,通过修订,转移和归并为2个种:M.nankingensis Lin,1965和M.bella(Yuan in Yuan et al.,2002)。本文将对研究我国寒武纪第二世晚期褶颊虫类三叶虫系统演化、生物地理分区以及华北与华南生物地层划分和对比,提供重要依据。     

Import of Rift Valley fever to China: a potential new threat?

正Several recent studies in Virologica Sinica and other journals have highlighted the enormous international challenge of emerging arboviral diseases,such as Zika virus disease,dengue,and chikungunya(Islam et al.,2015;Maurice et al.,2015;Dai et al.,2016;Deng et al.,2016;Song et al.,2016;Wang et al.,2016;Xu et al.,2016;Zhang et al.,2016;Zhou et     

Volatiles produced by bacteria alleviate antagonistic effects of one associated fungus on Dendroctonus valens larvae

正Dear Editor,Microbes play important roles in various symbiotic systems(Douglas,2015;Xing et al.,2017;Zhu and Wu,2016;Xu et al.,2016a).In the symbiosis formed by bark beetles and microbial associates,beetles formed symbiotic relationships with some fungi including mutualistic and antagonistic ones(Cheng et al.,2015;Lu et al.,2016;Scott et al.,2008),and these interactions,indirectly affected by a third or even fourth participator in a community context,may change from antagonistic ones to mutualistic ones.For example,associated bacterial volatiles can alleviate antagonistic effects     

Strengthening the functional research on the interaction between host genes and microbiota

正In recent years, many studies have focused on the interaction between host genes and microbiota and their mutual influence (Bonder et al., 2016; Goodrich et al., 2014; Rothschild et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2019). Host genetic variation influences the composition of the microbial community, for instance in inflammatory bowel disease, host genetic susceptibilities induce pathological shifts in micro-     

Comparative study on virus shedding patterns in nasopharyngeal and fecal specimens of COVID-19 patients

正Dear Editor,An acute viral pneumonia (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, was first identified during December 2019 in China (Zhu et al., 2020). SARSCoV-2 was found to be highly transmissible in humans(Wang et al., 2020) and is now a pandemic spreading to over140 countries and causing over 150,000 infections and 6,000deaths as of March 15, 2020.     

PhGRL2 Protein,Interacting with PhACO1, Is Involved in Flower Senescence in the Petunia

Dear Editor, The pathways of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling have been studied in detail （Ji and Guo, 2013）. Arabidopsis REVERSION-TO-ETHYLENE SENSITIVITY1 （RTE1）, interacting with ETR1, and its homologs tomato GREEN RIPE （SlGR） and SlGRL1, and rice OsRTH1 negatively regulate the ethylene signaling （Barry and Giovannoni, 2006, Resnick et al., 2006; Dong et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2012）. A newly published study suggested that a cytochrome b5 and RTE1 are functional partners in promoting ETRl-mediated repression of ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis （Chang et al., 2014）. However, AtRTH, RTE1 homolog in Arabidopsis, and its closest homolog in the tomato, SlGRL2 （GR-like2）, do not play a role in ethylene signaling （Dong et al., 2010）, and the function of the homologs of these members is not well known.     

贵州剑河八郎寒武系甲劳组三叶虫的研究

近期在贵州剑河八郎地区寒武系甲劳组发现了具软躯体的多门类化石,其中三叶虫最为丰富,计有6属7种,包括Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)transversa Lu et Qian in Zhang et al.,1980,Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)limbata Zhou in Lu et al.,1974a,Oryctocephalus sp.,Kooteniasp.及Jialaopsis latus Chien et Zhou in Lu et al.,1974a,Solenopleurinacf.xingrenensis Zhou(Chow)in Lu et al.,1974b和Probowmania(?)sp.,分属耸棒头虫目和褶颊虫目,以耸棒头虫目Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)为主。Oryctocephalus和Probowmania在寒武系甲劳组尚属首次报道,Probowmania在剑河八郎甲劳组中的报道是目前该属在贵州地区的最高层位。同时也确认了黔东南地区甲劳组的Fuchouia(Parafuchouia)三叶虫带为该地区寒武系最高三叶虫带,为国内外寒武系三叶虫同期地层划分及对比提供了材料。研究不仅丰富了丹寨-剑河寒武系甲劳组三叶虫组合,而且为研究Probowmania和Oryctocephalus的演化起到重要作用。     

Highly efficient genome editing using oocyte-specific zcas9 transgenic zebrafish

正Since its first application to induce mutations in mammalian cells (Cong et al., 2013; Mali et al., 2013), CRISPR/Cas9 has rapidly become a routine technique to perform genome editing in a variety of biological systems due to its facile, robust, and multiplexable features (Hwang et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2013; Guo et al., 2014; Liu,     

Engrafted newborn neurons could functionally integrate into the host neuronal network

The limited capability to regenerate new neurons following injuries of the central neural system (CNS) still remains a major challenge for basic and clinical neuroscience.Neural stem cells (NSCs) could nearly have the potential to differentiate into all kinds of neural cells in vitro.Previous studies verified that exogenous transplanted NSCs are capable of differentiating into neurons and projecting onto the host neurons in the rat brain (Tabar et al.,2005;Dong JR et al.,2012),which could lead to behavioral recovery from neuronal damages such as spinal cord injury (McDonald et al.,1999),Parkinson's disease (Gonzalez et al.,2015;Kim et al.,2002;Lindvall,2001),and stroke (Zhang et al.,2016).     

寒武纪似节头虫Arthricocephalites及其地层意义北大核心CSCD

Arthricocephalites Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974产于湖南西部至贵州东部寒武系第2统杷榔组中,最早作为Arthricocephalus(Arthricocephalites)Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974亚属,据文献记载,该亚属具有极高的种级多样性,但其种级分类一直存在着争议,导致杷榔组生物地层划分亦不稳定。随着全球寒武系内部再划分与对比研究工作的深入进行,位于寒武系第2统第4阶的杷榔组三叶虫组合及其地层意义显得尤为重要。本文针对近年来野外工作中在杷榔组多个剖面采集到的该亚属大量的化石标本,包括个体发育的系列标本进行整理、详细鉴定后,赞同亚属升级为似节头虫属Arthricocephalites,并确认该属并没有先前认为的具极高的种级多样性,超过了10个种,现厘定为1属2种,即模式种Arthricocephalites xinzhaiheensis Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974和Arthricocephalites intermedius Zhou in Lu et al.,1974。这两个种常见于湖南西部和贵州东部的杷榔组。Ar.intermedius(=Ar.jishouensis)也出现在北美格陵兰的Henson Glatsche组下部,具有较广的地理分布,是寒武系第4阶地层对比的重要化石。     

寒武纪似节头虫Arthricocephalites及其地层意义北大核心CSCD

Arthricocephalites Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974产于湖南西部至贵州东部寒武系第2统杷榔组中,最早作为Arthricocephalus(Arthricocephalites)Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974亚属,据文献记载,该亚属具有极高的种级多样性,但其种级分类一直存在着争议,导致杷榔组生物地层划分亦不稳定。随着全球寒武系内部再划分与对比研究工作的深入进行,位于寒武系第2统第4阶的杷榔组三叶虫组合及其地层意义显得尤为重要。本文针对近年来野外工作中在杷榔组多个剖面采集到的该亚属大量的化石标本,包括个体发育的系列标本进行整理、详细鉴定后,赞同亚属升级为似节头虫属Arthricocephalites,并确认该属并没有先前认为的具极高的种级多样性,超过了10个种,现厘定为1属2种,即模式种Arthricocephalites xinzhaiheensis Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974和Arthricocephalites intermedius Zhou in Lu et al.,1974。这两个种常见于湖南西部和贵州东部的杷榔组。Ar.intermedius(=Ar.jishouensis)也出现在北美格陵兰的Henson Glatsche组下部,具有较广的地理分布,是寒武系第4阶地层对比的重要化石。     

Structure-activity relationship optimization for lassa virus fusion inhibitors targeting the transmembrane domain of GP2

Dear Editor,Lassa virus(LASV)belongs to the Mammarenavirus genus,Arenaviridae family.Arenaviruses are classified into two main groups-Old World(OW)and New World(NW)-based on virus genetics,serology,antigenic properties and geographical relationships.The OW LASV and Lujo virus(LUJV),as well as NW Jurn'n virus(JUNV),Machupo virus(MACV),Guanarito virus(GTOV),Sabia virus(SABV)and Chapare virus(CHAPV),are known to cause severe hemorrhagic fever and are listed as biosafety level 4(BSL-4)agents.The arenavirus glycoprotein complex(GPC)contains three subunits-the retained stable-signal peptide(SSP),the receptor-binding subunit GP1,and the membrane fusion subunit GP2(Lenz et al.,2001).Notably,the proximate external membrane region and TM of GP2,together with the ectodomain loop and TMs of SSP,form an SSP-GP2 interface,playing essential roles in regulating membrane fusion,and providing targets for distinct fusion inhibitors(Larson et al.,2008;Lee et al.,2008;York et al.,2008;York and Nunberg,2009;Thomas et al.,2011;Burgeson et al.,2013a;Shankar et al.,2016;Wang et al.,2016;Wang et al.,2018).Among these inhibitors,ST-161 is LASV specific(Burgeson et al.,2013a).In this study,we conducted structure-activity relationship(SAR)optimization of ST-161.As a result,21 derivatives with IC50 values<1 pmol/L are presented in Table S1.Hit compounds 21,29 and 57 exhibiting robust inhibition of the LASV pseudotype virus(LASVpv,VSV backbone enveloped by LASV GPC with single cycle infection)entry with IC50 values lower than 0.2 nmol/L(Figs.1A and S1),as well as hit compound 72 with an ester bond instead of acylhydrazone,were further investigated.To test whether the four hit compounds inhibit LASV entry by blocking the GPC-mediated membrane fusion,the inhibition effects of these compounds against LASV GPC mediated fusion were quantitatively determined by dual-luciferase assay(Thomas et al.,2011;Wang et al.,2018).     

寒武纪似节头虫Arthricocephalites及其地层意义

Arthricocephalites Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974产于湖南西部至贵州东部寒武系第2统杷榔组中,最早作为Arthricocephalus(Arthricocephalites)Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974亚属,据文献记载,该亚属具有极高的种级多样性,但其种级分类一直存在着争议,导致杷榔组生物地层划分亦不稳定。随着全球寒武系内部再划分与对比研究工作的深入进行,位于寒武系第2统第4阶的杷榔组三叶虫组合及其地层意义显得尤为重要。本文针对近年来野外工作中在杷榔组多个剖面采集到的该亚属大量的化石标本,包括个体发育的系列标本进行整理、详细鉴定后,赞同亚属升级为似节头虫属Arthricocephalites,并确认该属并没有先前认为的具极高的种级多样性,超过了10个种,现厘定为1属2种,即模式种Arthricocephalites xinzhaiheensis Chien et Lin in Lu et al.,1974和Arthricocephalites intermedius Zhou in Lu et al.,1974。这两个种常见于湖南西部和贵州东部的杷榔组。Ar.intermedius(=Ar.jishouensis)也出现在北美格陵兰的Henson Glatsche组下部,具有较广的地理分布,是寒武系第4阶地层对比的重要化石。     

中国Abadiella三叶虫的种级分类

通过对我国己经正式发表的abadiellid类三叶虫的18个种(包括2个属和1个亚属)模式标本的头盖特征进行Q型聚类分析,并结合传统定性分析后,再次证明Parabadiella Chang,1966,Parabadiella(Danangouia)Chen,1985和Guangyuanaspis Chang and Qian,1974均是Abadiella Hupé,1953的晚出异名;另将该属的18个种归并为9个种:A.huoi(Zhang,1966),A.elegans(Lee,1978),A.longmenshanensis(Lee,1978),A.yunnanensis(Luo,1981),A.elevata(Lee,1978),A.hanzhongensis(Chen,1985),A.modaoyaensis(Chang and Qian,1974),A.shaanxiensis(Zhang and Lin,1980),A.wudingensis(Zhang and Lin,1980)。本文将对研究我国寒武纪三叶虫系统演化、生物地理分区以及生物地层划分和时代的确定,提供重要依据。     

Rapid breeding of pink-fruited tomato hybrids using the CRISPR/Cas9 system

<正>As one of the most important vegetables,tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is extensively produced and consumed worldwide and substantially contributes to human nutrition and health (The Tomato Genome Consortium,2012).Although red tomatoes are the most common,pink tomatoes are more popular in Asia,particularly in China and Japan,because of their better taste (Ballester et al.,2010;Zhu et al.,2018).Compared with red tomatoes,pink tomatoes fail to accumulate the yellow-colored flavonoid pigment,naringenin chalcone (NarCh),in their peels,resulting in a colorless peel phenotype (Adato et al,2009;Ballester et al.,2010).Genetic     

Molecular evolution of pancreatic ribonuclease gene(RNase1) in Rodentia

<正>Pancreatic ribonuclease,which is encoded by RNase1,is a digestive enzyme secreted by the pancreas of vertebrates,and has been recognized to be a classic example for molecular evolutionary studies due to the frequent occurrence of gene duplication and functional divergence in organisms(Zhang et al.,2002,2006;Yu and Zhang,2006;Yu et al.,2010;Xu et al.,2013;Liu et al.,2014).RNase1 has been extensively studied in many mammals,including