血清miRNA-93、miRNA-223联合miRNA-324-3p可作为诊断PCOS的生物标记物

本研究拟基于最近的miRNA报道,结合前期关于肌肉生长抑素(myostatin, MSTN)的相关研究,探究多囊卵巢综合症(ploycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS)患者血清miRNA和生长抑素的表达及其相关临床病理特征。本研究选取160例在湘南学院附属医院妇科就诊的女性为研究对象,通过PCR、ELISA等方法比较PCOS患者血清miRNA和生长抑素的表达情况,并且分析其相关临床病理特征。结果显示,通过PCR的方法发现mi RNA-93、mi RNA-223在PCOS患者的血清中显著升高,而mi RNA-4522、mi RNA-6767-5p和mi RNA-324-3p则表达下降。本研究建立了3个miRNA的预测模型,并证实预测模型在筛选组和验证组中有很好的敏感性和特异性,可以有效区分PCOS患者和正常人群,但研究结果也发现,miRNA模型结合MSTN没有更好的诊断价值。     

The Interaction of miRNA-5p and miRNA-3p with the mRNAs of Orthologous Genes

Molecular Biology - miRNAs regulate the expression of many genes and are involved in the development of diseases. We studied miRNAs that interact partly or fully complementarily with the 5'UTR,...     

miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 Predict Cardiovascular Death in a Cohort of Patients with Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease

Background

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been described as potential diagnostic biomarkers in cardiovascular disease and in particular, coronary artery disease (CAD). Few studies were undertaken to perform analyses with regard to risk stratification of future cardiovascular events. miR-126, miR-197 and miR-223 are involved in endovascular inflammation and platelet activation and have been described as biomarkers in the diagnosis of CAD. They were identified in a prospective study in relation to future myocardial infarction.

Objectives

The aim of our study was to further evaluate the prognostic value of these miRNAs in a large prospective cohort of patients with documented CAD.

Methods

Levels of miR-126, miR-197 and miR-223 were evaluated in serum samples of 873 CAD patients with respect to the endpoint cardiovascular death. miRNA quantification was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

The median follow-up period was 4 years (IQR 2.78–5.04). The median age of all patients was 64 years (IQR 57–69) with 80.2% males. 38.9% of the patients presented with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), 61.1% were diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (SAP). Elevated levels of miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 reliably predicted future cardiovascular death in the overall group (miRNA-197: hazard ratio (HR) 1.77 per one standard deviation (SD) increase (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20; 2.60), p = 0.004, C-index 0.78; miRNA-223: HR 2.23 per one SD increase (1.20; 4.14), p = 0.011, C-index 0.80). In ACS patients the prognostic power of both miRNAs was even higher (miRNA-197: HR 2.24 per one SD increase (1.25; 4.01), p = 0.006, C-index 0.89); miRA-223: HR 4.94 per one SD increase (1.42; 17.20), p = 0.012, C-index 0.89).

Conclusion

Serum-derived circulating miRNA-197 and miRNA-223 were identified as predictors for cardiovascular death in a large patient cohort with CAD. These results reinforce the assumption that circulating miRNAs are promising biomarkers with prognostic value with respect to future cardiovascular events.     

Clinical significance of the expression of miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 in patients with lung cancer

ObjectiveTo explore the expression differences of miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 between lung cancer patient and healthy people, thereby providing reference for early diagnosis of lung cancer.MethodReal-time PCR was employed to determine the expression difference between lung cancer patients (50 cases) and healthy people (24 cases). The clinical data of lung cancer patients were analyzed to explore the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and expression level of miRNA-21, miRNA-31, miRNA-let7.ResultsThe relative expression levels of miRNA-21 and miRNA-31 in lung cancer group were obviously higher than those in healthy control group, and the relative expression level of miRNA-let7 in lung cancer group was slightly higher than that in healthy control group. Lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis had higher expression level than those without lymph node metastasis. The ROC curve showed that the three miRNAs had clinical diagnosis efficiency for lung cancer, and the combined detection of the three miRNAs were more efficient in diagnosing lung cancer. Survival curve analysis suggested that the median survival times of patients in the miRNA-21 and miRNA-31 high expression groups were shorter than those in the low expression groups, and the median survival time of patients in miRNA-let7 high expression group was longer than that in the low expression group.ConclusionPlasma miRNA-21, miRNA-31 and miRNA-let7 may be diagnostic marker for lung cancer.     

miRNA-155 and miRNA-181a as prognostic biomarkers for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Mortality rates of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have improved over the past 20 years; however, a significant portion of deaths stems from the lack of prognostic biomarkers, which can direct therapy and overcome drug resistance. microRNA-155a (miRNA-155a) and miRNA-181a are two single-stranded miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of many types of leukemia and lymphoma and is linked to drug resistance. We investigated their expression levels in 55 patients, 45 diagnosed with ALL and 10 as a control group. We found that miRNA-155a and miRNA-181a were significantly upregulated in the ALL group with both being linked to high levels of minimal residual disease and poor prognosis. miRNA-155a cutoff value was significant in discriminating between high- and low-risk ALL patients as well as between ALL patients and healthy controls, miRNA-181a cutoff value, however, was not significant. Both markers levels were significantly downregulated after therapy. We conclude that miR-155 is correlated with poor prognosis in ALL, whereas we couldn’t link miRNA-181a to the prognosis in ALL. Moreover, the marked decrease in their expression after therapy could reflect their impact on disease outcome.     

miRNA-148a and miRNA-30c expressions as potential biomarkers in breast cancer patients

BackgroundBreast cancer is an extensively identified malignant tumor and is a prime cause of cancer mortalities in females. It has been shown that alteration of miRNAs expression (up or down regulation) can affect the initiation and progression of many malignancies. We aimed to evaluate the role of circulating miRNA-148a and miRNA-30c in female patients with breast cancer and estimate their usage as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and survival of breast cancer.MethodsThis study included 75 breast cancer female patients.They were compared with 55 apparently healthy female subjects. miRNAs expression analysis was assessed via real-time PCR.ResultsTo discriminate breast cancer patients from controls, miR-30c showed the best performance at a cut off value of ≤20.6 (AUC = 0.998, 97.33% sensitivity, 96.36% specificity, p < 0.001), followed by miR-148a (AUC = 0.995, 94.67% sensitivity, 90.91% specificity, p < 0.001 at a cut off value of ≤0.1), CA 15-3 (AUC = 0.930, 88.0% sensitivity, 81.82% specificity, p < 0.001 at a cut off value of >21.3), and finally CEA (AUC = 0.751, 70.67% sensitivity, 63.64% specificity, p < 0.001 at a cut off value of >2.5).ConclusionmiRNA-148a and miRNA-30c expressions were down regulated in female patients with breast cancer and might be considered as potential blood biomarkers. Both also might have rule in disease treatment and selection of therapeutic targets. Future studies are needed to improve their role in predicting response to treatment and prognosis.     

A genetic screen implicates miRNA-372 and miRNA-373 as oncogenes in testicular germ cell tumors

Endogenous small RNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by mechanisms conserved across metazoans. While the number of verified human miRNAs is still expanding, only few have been functionally annotated. To perform genetic screens for novel functions of miRNAs, we developed a library of vectors expressing the majority of cloned human miRNAs and created corresponding DNA barcode arrays. In a screen for miRNAs that cooperate with oncogenes in cellular transformation, we identified miR-372 and miR-373, each permitting proliferation and tumorigenesis of primary human cells that harbor both oncogenic RAS and active wild-type p53. These miRNAs neutralize p53-mediated CDK inhibition, possibly through direct inhibition of the expression of the tumor-suppressor LATS2. We provide evidence that these miRNAs are potential novel oncogenes participating in the development of human testicular germ cell tumors by numbing the p53 pathway, thus allowing tumorigenic growth in the presence of wild-type p53.     

微小RNA和长链非编码RNA介导的昼夜节律调控

非编码RNA(ncRNA)是生物体细胞内一类重要的调控分子,其介导的昼夜节律调控日益受到研究者的重视。本文主要以黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster和哺乳动物的相关研究为背景,阐述了微小RNA(miRNA)和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)对昼夜节律的调控。miRNA介导的昼夜节律调控包括:生物体内(尤其是钟神经元中)具有节律性表达的miRNA;输入系统和miRNA存在相互调控,这主要是通过光照这个授时因子起作用;miRNA可直接调控核心振荡器,还可以调控其他基因而间接影响到核心振荡器;miRNA对输出系统的调控主要集中在代谢取食节律、运动节律、睡眠节律等。昼夜节律可调控lncRNA的表达,同时lncRNA也可调控昼夜节律,且lncRNA对基因调控范围广,作用机制复杂,这些都具有广阔的研究前景。本文将有助于进一步深入研究ncRNA对昼夜节律的调控。     

miRNA-1和miRNA-133过表达对L6细胞增殖与分化的影响

目的观察大鼠微小RNA-1（miR-1）、微小RNA-133（miR-133）过表达对L6成肌细胞增殖分化的影响。方法分别构建miR-1、miR-133的重组慢病毒载体,并进行测序鉴定,稳定转染L6细胞后,用RT-PCR Taqman探针的方法检测miR-1、miR-133的表达水平;细胞计数实验（CCK-8试剂盒）评价miR-1、miR-133过表达后对L6细胞增殖的影响。诱导稳定转染后L6成肌细胞进行分化,观察miR-1、miR-133过表达后对L6细胞分化的影响。以Western blot法检测miR-1、miR-133过表达后,α肌动蛋白（skeletalα-actin）表达水平的变化。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、重复测量和单因素方差分析进行比较。结果miR-1慢病毒载体经酶切和测序鉴定序列准确,转染48 h后L6细胞miR-1组（4.292±0.50）比control组（0.231±0.86）、miR-133组（0.205±0.48）比control组（3.564±0.45）表达均显著上调（P〈0.001）;细胞计数和细胞分化实验显示,培养120 h后,过表达miR-1的L6细胞α肌动蛋白（skeletalα-actin）比对照组（0.415±0.02）表达显著升（0.676±0.02,F=222.144,P〈0.001）,分化明显加快,但增殖无明显变化;而过表达miR-133的L6细胞增殖明显加快,α肌动蛋白表达呈下降趋势（0.363±0.02,F=2385.643,P〈0.001）,分化受到抑制。结论 miR-1、miR-133慢病毒表达载体稳定转染L6成肌细胞后高效表达miR-1和miR-133,miR-1可促进L6细胞分化,miR-133能促进L6细胞增殖但抑制其分化。     

miRNA-105在胃癌组织中的表达情况

目的:分析胃癌组织与癌旁正常胃黏膜组织中miRNA的差异表达情况。方法:收集胃癌组织和其相应癌旁正常胃黏膜组织共33对,经抽提、纯化RNA后,反转录合成荧光分子Hy3的cDNA探针,将其与miRCURYTMLNA Array(v.16.0)(Exiqon公司)芯片进行杂交,应用Axon GenePix 4000B芯片扫描仪来扫描miRNA芯片的荧光强度,GenePix Pro 6.0软件(Axon)把图像转化为数字信号,以差异大于2倍的为标准来确定胃癌黏膜组织中差异表达的miRNA。再用实时荧光定量PCR方法验证芯片结果中表达异常增高的miR-105在33例胃癌组织中的表达情况。结果:miRNA表达谱芯片结果显示:胃癌组织共中有51种miRNA表达异常,其中miR-105、miR-548n、miR-214*、miR-4309等31种miRNA表达上调,miR-31、miR-1275、miR-26b*、miR-744等20种miRNA表达下调;实时荧光定量PCR证实与癌旁正常胃黏膜组织相比,胃癌组织中miR-105表达显著上调(P0.01)。结论:miR-105在胃癌组织的表达明显高于正常胃黏膜组织,可能与胃癌的发生、发展相关。我们的研究为胃癌的发病机制和诊断治疗提供了一个新的研究方向。     

血浆miRNA-1、miRNA-21对冠心病合并糖尿病患者PCI术后支架内再狭窄的影响

目的：观察血浆miRNA-1、miRNA-21在冠心病（CHD）与无冠脉病变患者中含量的差异,探讨其在CHD合并糖尿病（DM）患者的经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后发生支架内再狭窄（ISR）与非支架内再狭窄（NISR）患者的含量差异及其对ISR的预测价值。方法：入选CHD支架置入术后患者（CHD组,n=187）、无冠脉病变患者（对照组,n=195）。根据指南,将对照组分为正常对照组（n=150）、单纯DM组（n=45）;将CHD组分为单纯CHD组（n=119）、CHD合并DM组（n=68）,又将CHD组分为ISR组（n=48）及NISR组（n=139）;再将ISR组分为单纯ISR组（n=26）和ISR合并DM组（n=22）。收集各组患者血浆,提取总miRNA,检测miRNA-1、miRNA-21含量并分析各组的含量差异。结果：与对照组比较,CHD组miRNA-1、miRNA-21含量均升高（P<0.05）;与NISR组比较,ISR组miRNA-1、miRNA-21含量均升高（P<0.05）。与单纯CHD组比较,CHD合并DM组ISR发生率明显升高;而且与单纯ISR组比较,ISR合并DM组miRNA-21含量升高（P<0.05）,而单纯ISR组与ISR合并DM组miRNA-1含量无明显差异（P<0.05）。Logistics分析表明,与CHD患者相关危险因素DM、miRNA-1、miRNA-21的OR值分别为2.132,3.066,1.924（P<0.05,P<0.01）;ISR患者相关危险因素DM、miRNA-21的OR值分别为3.091,5.654（P<0.05,P<0.01）;CHD合并DM患者PCI术后发生ISR相关危险因素miRNA-21的OR值为9.148（P<0.01）。ROC曲线评价表明,miRNA-1,miRNA-21与CHD患者发生ISR的AUC分别为0.854,0.857;miRNA 21与CHD合并DM患者发生ISR的AUC为0.783。结论：血浆miRNA-1、miRNA-21对诊断CHD患者支架置入术后ISR发生有重要临床意义,miRNA-21对诊断CHD合并DM患者支架置入术后ISR发生尤其有重要临床意义。     

The role of miRNA-29 family in cancer

The miRNA-29 family of microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-29a, miR-29b and miR-29c, was recently reported to be aberrantly expressed in multiple cancers. Increasing evidence shows that the abnormal expression of miR-29 family is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression, making miR-29s a well-analyzed group of miRNAs in cancer research. Here, in this review we aim to provide an overview of the role of miR-29 family in the pathophysiologic changes of cancer cells and the epigenetic and immune regulation through the biological function of miR-29s.     

miRNA-125在肝癌中表达变化的研究

目的:探讨微小RNA(miRNA)-125在正常人和肝癌患者血清,以及肝癌患者正常肝脏组织和肝癌组织中的表达.方法:应用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-125,包括miRNA-125a、miRNA-125b在正常人和肝癌患者血清中的含量.同时收集并检测肝细胞癌患者术中取得的正常肝脏组织和癌症组织miRNA-125含量.结果:1)与正常人血清相比,miRNA-125在癌症患者血清中的含量没有明显变化.2)与正常肝脏组织相比,肝癌组织中miRNA-125含量明显下调,有统计学差异(P＜0.001).结论:MiRNA-125,包括miRNA-125a和miRNA-125b在肝癌组织中表达显著减少,但是在肝癌患者血清并没有明显变化.     

miRNA-181在肝癌中表达变化的研究

目的:观察微小RNA(miRNA)-181在正常人肝细胞L02、肝癌细胞株SMMC7221和Hep3B中的表达,以及在正常肝脏组织和肝癌组织中的表达,探讨其与肝癌发生发展的关系.方法:应用荧光实时定量PCR方法检测miRNA-181,包括miRNA-181a、miRNA-181b、miRNA-181c、miRNA-181d,在正常肝细胞和肝癌细胞的含量.同时收集并检测肝细胞癌患者术中取得的正常肝脏组织和癌症组织的含量.结果:MiRNA-181在肝癌细胞株中的表达明显高于正常人肝细胞(P＜0.05或P＜0.001).MiRNA-181在肝癌组织中表达明显高于正常肝脏组织(P＜0.05).结论:MiRNA-181在不同肝癌细胞株中表达不同,但都高于正常肝细胞,并且miRNA-181在肝癌组织中的表达高于正常肝脏组织.这说明miRNA-181与肝癌的发生发展有相关性,可能成为肝癌诊断和预后的一个指标.     

miRNA-492在肝癌中表达变化的研究

目的:通过观察miRNA-492在肝细胞株L02、肝胚细胞瘤HepT1细胞株和肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株中的表达差异,以及在正常肝脏组织、肝母细胞瘤组织和原发性肝癌组织中的含量差异,探讨其与不同类型肝脏肿瘤发生发展的关系.方法:应用Real time-PCR方法检测miRNA-492在正常L02肝细胞株和肝癌HepT1、SMMC-7721细胞株的含量.同时采集和检测原发性肝癌患者术中取得的正常肝脏组织和癌症组织,以及肝母细胞瘤患者瘤组织的含量.结果:1)与正常人L02肝细胞相比,miRNA-492在肝癌HepT1细胞株中的表达显著升高(P＜0.001),但在SMMC-7721细胞株中略升高,无统计学差异.2)与正常肝脏组织相比,miRNA-492在肝母细胞瘤的瘤组织中含量显著升高(P＜0.01),但原发性肝癌的癌组织略升高,无统计学差异.结论:miRNA-492在不同肝癌细胞株中表达不同,在肝胚细胞瘤中表达升高,且在肝母细胞瘤瘤组织中的表达高于正常肝脏组织.但原发性肝癌癌组织中变化不明显,这说明miRNA-492与某些类型肝癌,特别是肝母细胞瘤的发生发展有关.