青冈林土壤跳虫群落结构在落叶分解过程中的变化

1993年5月至1995年4月,用落叶代法研究青冈（Cyclobalanopsis glauca）落叶分解过程中跳虫的群落结构变化。用多样性指数、演替指数、相似系数分析跳虫在落叶分解过程中群落结构及其季节变化特点。青冈落叶分解经淋洗、养分固定 养分活化3个阶段,分解常数分别为k1=9.11,k2=2.57,k3=0.43（百分比／月）。跳中心在落叶分解过程中的集聚型分为3组：A组为落叶分解前期集聚的种类,B组为后期的种类,C组为中期或全过程的种类,分析讨论了落叶分解过程与跳虫功能群及群落结构变化的关系。     

杨树刺槐混交林及纯林枯落叶分解

研究了杨树（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓｓｐｐ．）、刺槐（Ｒｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａ）纯林及混交林枯落叶一年中的分解及养分动态变化规律．结果表明,杨树枯落叶分解速度较慢,刺槐较快,而混交林则较杨树有较大提高．在分解过程中,杨树枯落叶Ｎ、Ｐ释放困难,需经过长达１０个月的养分富积过程;刺槐枯落叶Ｎ、Ｐ元素释放较为容易;混交林枯落叶养分富积时间缩短、幅度下降,分解速度加快,说明杨树和刺槐混交有利于枯落叶分解和Ｎ、Ｐ循环．     

常绿阔叶林演替过程中马尾松消退的原因

通过对浙江天童国家森林公园常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段的群落生态学调查,确认马尾松（ＰｉｎｕｓｍａｓｏｎｉａｎａＬａｍｂ．）属于常绿阔叶林演替过程中的消退种。为了揭示马尾松在群落演替过程中的消退原因,对各演替阶段群落中的生态因子,特别是光照强度的实地测定,得知马尾松群落内光照强度过低,常使马尾松更新苗处于光补偿点之下,难以正常生长。成树在演替过程中的衰退则是由于其它常绿阔叶树种,如木荷（ＳｃｈｉｍａｓｕｐｅｒｂａＧａｒｄｎ．ｅｔＣｈａｍｐ．）、栲树（ＣａｓｔａｎｏｐｓｉｓｆａｒｇｅｓｉＦｒａｎｃｈ．）等耐荫树种的抑制而使其物质合成能力逐渐减弱,物质分解能力逐渐加强,以致在常绿阔叶林演替的过程中逐渐消失。     

杨树刺槐混交林有纯林枯落叶分解

研究了杨树（Ｐｏｐｕｌｕｓ ｓｐｐ．）、刺槐（Ｒｏｂｉｎｉａ ｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａ）纯林及混交林枯落叶一年中的分解及养分动态变化规律。结果表明,杨树枯落叶分解速度较慢,刺槐较快,而混交林则较杨树有较大提高。在分解过程中,杨树苦落叶Ｎ、Ｐ释放困难,需经过长在１０个月养分富积过程;刺槐枯落叶Ｎ、Ｐ元素释放较为容易;混交林枯落养分富积时间缩短、幅度下降,分解速度加快,说明杨树和刺槐混交有利于枯落叶分     

鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林凋落叶分解与土壤动物群落动态和多样性

2001年12月~2002年12月,采用不同孔径分解凋落叶样袋法,对鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林3类凋落叶的分解进行了研究,并对落叶分解过程中凋落叶袋内和袋下土样中的土壤动物群落和多样性进行了调查。结果表明,3种孔径袋内凋落叶的分解速率为大孔>中孔>微孔;混合凋落叶的分解速率大于单种凋落叶;蜱螨目在凋落叶分解的整个过程中相对数量都较高,弹尾目在凋落叶的分解过程中在凋落叶袋和土壤间移动,数量变化较大。凋落叶袋内大、中型土壤动物的个体数量在分解前期较多,中、小型土壤动物在分解的中期数量剧增;凋落叶袋内土壤动物的个体数量、密度以及多样性指数都随着落叶的分解而增加,9月最高;土壤样内则在分解的前期较高,以后逐渐降低。凋落叶的分解和土壤动物群落动态及多样性受凋落叶基质质量以及样地温度、降雨量等综合因素的影响。     

珞珈山森林土壤原生动物生态学研究及土壤原生动物定量方法探讨

１９９３年１月至１２月,用直接计数法和培养计数法对武昌珞珈山森林土壤原生动物进行了周年定量研究,发现原生动物丰度的周年动态趋势为：春季（３—５月）达到高峰,低谷出现在冬季（１—２月）,夏秋季保持较平稳的变动。原生动物丰度与土壤环境因子间的相关性分析结果表明,原生动物丰度的周年动态与土壤含水量及土壤ｐＨ值的变化呈显著的正相关,与土壤温度的变化无明显相关关系。珞珈山森林土壤原生动物优势种为梨波豆虫（Ｂｏｄｏｅｄａｘ）、球波豆虫（Ｂｏｄｏｇｌｏｂｏｓｕｓ）、卵形隐滴虫（Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｍｏｎａｓｏｖａｔａ）、长尾尾滴虫（Ｃｅｒｃｏｍｏｎａｓｌｏｎｇｉｃａｕｄａ）、线条三足虫（Ｔｒｉｎｅｍａｌｉｎｅａｒｓ）、斜口三足虫（Ｔ．ｅｎｃｈｅｌｙｓ）、长匣壳虫（Ｃｅｎｔｒｏｐｙｘｉｓｅｌｏｎｇａｔａ）、宽口圆壳虫（Ｃｙｃｌｏｐｙｘｉｓｅｕｒｏｓｔｏｍａ）。常见种有梨波豆虫（Ｂｏｄｏｅｄａｘ）、球波豆虫（Ｂ．ｇｌｏｂｏｓｕｓ）、跳侧滴虫（Ｐｌｅｕｒｏｍｏｎａｓｊａｃｕｌａｎｓ）、长尾尾滴虫（Ｃｅｒｃｏｍｏｎａｓｌｏｎｇｉｃａｕｄａ）、小滴虫（Ｍｏｎａｓｍｉｎｉｍｕｍ）、斜口三足虫（Ｔｒｉｎｅｍａｅｎｃｈｅｌｙｓ）、线条三足虫（Ｔ     

福建和溪亚热带雨林落叶的分解动态

福建和溪亚热带雨林落叶的分解动态邵成,郑文教,林鹏（厦门大学,厦门３６１００５）ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆｌｉｔｔｅｒｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎＨｅｘｉｓｕｂｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｒａｉｎｆｏｒｅｓｔｏｆＦｕｊｉａｎ￥ＳｈａｏＣｈｅｎｇ;ＺｈｅｎｇＷｅｎｊｉ...     

毛白杨落叶分解的研究

本文对毛白杨落叶在土壤中的分解进行了为期一年的研究。结果表明:土壤微生物的活动导致落叶中氮、水溶性糖、钾和钙含量的变化,而落叶中磷、钠和镁的含量变化不显著;落叶分解可提高土壤中氮的含量,土壤中有效钾在分解前期也有明显提高。设计的室内保温保湿试验表明温度和湿度明显地影响分解程度,但对分解变化的趋势和微生物的演替影响较小。     

南亚热带森林优势种群荷木和锥栗在演替系列群落中的分子生？…

用扩增片段长度多成性（ＡＦＬＰ,ａｍｐｌｉｆｉｅｄ ｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔ ｌｅｎｇｔｈ ｐｏｌｙｍｏｒｐｈｉｓｍ）方法研究了荷木（Ｓｃｈｉｍａ ｓｕｐｅｒｂａ Ｇａｒｄｎ．ｅｔ Ｃｈａｍｐ．）和锥栗（Ｃａｓｔａｎｏｐｓｉｓ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＨａｎｃｅ．）在３个演替系列群落中的分子变化。研究地点位于广东省鼎湖山。３个群落是针叶林群落、针阔叶混交林群落和常绿阔叶林群落。荷木的ＡＦＬＰ分析结果表明,４组     

森林次生演替优势种苗木的光可塑性比较研究

本文从研究苗木的叶绿素含量和ＲｕＢＰ羧化酶活性随着光环境的变化而发生改变的规律出发,来探讨森林次生演替优势种苗木的光可塑性大小和对弱光环境的适应能力。各种苗木的叶绿素含量都随着光强度变弱而增加,但如果较长时间生长在弱光环境中,由于叶绿素的合成小于分解,其含量也会逐渐变小。不同的演替阶段优势种苗木的叶绿素含量的增加或减少在量上有一定的区别。以叶绿素含量随着光环境变化的测定值为指标,用模糊数学分析的结果表明,苗木的耐荫性大小顺序是演替后期种（黄果厚壳桂Ｃｒｙｐｔｏｃａｒｙａｃｏｎｃｉｎｎａ）＞演替过渡种（藜蒴Ｃａｓｔａｎｏｐｓｉｓｆｉｓａ）＞演替过渡种（荷木Ｓｃｈｉｍａｓｕｐｅｒｂａ）＞演替先锋树种（马尾松Ｐｉｎｕｓｍａｓｏｎｉａｎａ）;且藜蒴和荷木很接近,稍靠近黄果厚壳桂。马尾松和荷木的ＲｕＢＰ羧化酶活性随着生长环境的光强度的增加,其活性有所增加;但黄果厚壳桂的相应值是在每日直照光１ｈ的光环境中最高。除马尾松外,演替过渡种和后期种的苗木都是在每日直照光１ｈ的光环境中生长最好,这和每日短期照光提高ＲｕＢＰ羧化酶活性的（与没有直照光的环境相比较）同时又不分解叶绿素、不降低其含量有密切的关系。     

Soil animal communities at five succession stages in the litter of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong,China

Soil animals are abundant in forest litter layer,but little attention has been Paid to the vertical distribution of community structure of soil animals in the layers at different plant community succession stages.The forest litter layer can be divided into fresh litter layer(L),fermentation layer(F)and humus layer(H),which may represent different litter decomposition stages.The aim of the study is to ascertain the vertical distribution features of soil animal communities among the three litter layers and the change in the succession process of the Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest(EBLF)in Tiantong,Zhejiang Province,China.Soil animal communities in the five plant communities at different succession stages were investigated during the 2003 winter.Soil animals,which were collected by using Tullgren funnels,amounted to a total of 13381 individuals falling into 2 phyla,8 classes and 20 orders.The dominant groups were Acarina and Collembola,accounting for 94.24% of the total individuals,with the number of Acarina individuals 7.66 times than that of Collembola.The common group was Diptera.The results indicated that there was a distinctive vertical distribution of the soil animal communities in the forest litter laver,but it differed from that in soil below the litter layer.In contrast to those in the soil,the soil animals in the litter layer generally tended to increase in both group abundance and density from the top fresh litter layer to the bottom humus layer.Altogether 19 groups and 59.03% of total individuals were found in the bottom layer,while only 8 groups and 5.35% of the total individuals in the top.Moreover,there were some variations in the distribution of the soil animals at different plant succession stages.85.19% of Homoptera and 100% of Symphyla were found in the litter layer at the climax succession stage.while 75.61% of Thysanoptera at the intermediate succession stage.Therefore,these groups might be seen as indicative groups.The total numbers of soil animal groups and individuals in the litter layers greatly changed in the succession process of the EBLF.They both were greatest at the climax,moderate at the intermediate and smallest at the primary succession stage.However,the main soil animal groups in the litter at the different succession stages were essentially the same.They were Acarina,Collembola,Diptera and Lepidoptera.Although similarity analysis revealed that the soil animal communities in the litter at the intermediate succession stage were most similar to those at the climax succession stage,they differed greatly from each other in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index.The Shannon-Wiener index was highest at the climax succession stage and lowest at the intermediate succession stage.Finally,the paper discusses the following three questions:the role of soil animals as indicators for plant community succession;the role of different soil animal groups in the litter decomposition at different stages;and the major factors affecting the composition and distribution of soil animals in the litter.This paper provides a new perspective for the research on the succession mechanism of plant communities and the decomposition functions of soil animals.     

Soil animal communities at five succession stages in the litter of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong, China

Soil animals are abundant in forest litter layer, but little attention has been paid to the vertical distribution of community structure of soil animals in the layers at different plant community succession stages. The forest litter layer can be divided into fresh litter layer (L), fermentation layer (F) and humus layer (H), which may represent different litter decomposition stages. The aim of the study is to ascertain the vertical distribution features of soil animal communities among the three litter layers and the change in the succession process of the Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest (EBLF) in Tiantong, Zhejiang Province, China. Soil animal communities in the five plant communities at different succession stages were investigated during the 2003 winter. Soil animals, which were collected by using Tullgren funnels, amounted to a total of 13 381 individuals falling into 2 phyla, 8 classes and 20 orders. The dominant groups were Acarina and Collembola, accounting for 94.24% of the total individuals, with the number of Acarina individuals 7.66 times than that of Collembola. The common group was Diptera. The results indicated that there was a distinctive vertical distribution of the soil animal communities in the forest litter layer, but it differed from that in soil below the litter layer. In contrast to those in the soil, the soil animals in the litter layer generally tended to increase in both group abundance and density from the top fresh litter layer to the bottom humus layer. Altogether 19 groups and 59.03% of total individuals were found in the bottom layer, while only 8 groups and 5.35% of the total individuals in the top. Moreover, there were some variations in the distribution of the soil animals at different plant succession stages. 85.19% of Homoptera and 100% of Symphyla were found in the litter layer at the climax succession stage, while 75.61% of Thysanoptera at the intermediate succession stage. Therefore, these groups might be seen as indicative groups. The total numbers of soil animal groups and individuals in the litter layers greatly changed in the succession process of the EBLF. They both were greatest at the climax, moderate at the intermediate and smallest at the primary succession stage. However, the main soil animal groups in the litter at the different succession stages were essentially the same. They were Acarina, Collembola, Diptera and Lepidoptera. Although similarity analysis revealed that the soil animal communities in the litter at the intermediate succession stage were most similar to those at the climax succession stage, they differed greatly from each other in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The Shannon-Wiener index was highest at the climax succession stage and lowest at the intermediate succession stage. Finally, the paper discusses the following three questions: the role of soil animals as indicators for plant community succession; the role of different soil animal groups in the litter decomposition at different stages; and the major factors affecting the composition and distribution of soil animals in the litter. This paper provides a new perspective for the research on the succession mechanism of plant communities and the decomposition functions of soil animals. __________ Translated from Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2005, 25 (3) [译自: 生态学报, 2005,25(3)]     

天童常绿阔叶林五个演替阶段凋落物中的土壤动物群落

为探讨森林凋落物中土壤动物群落的结构特征以及土壤动物群落随植被演替而发生的变化 ,于 2 0 0 3年冬季 ,对浙江天童常绿阔叶林 5个演替阶段凋落物中的土壤动物群落 ,按代表不同分解阶段的新鲜凋落物层、腐叶层和腐殖土层进行了调查研究。共获得土壤动物 13381只 ,分别隶属于 2门 8纲 2 0目。优势类群为蜱螨目 (Arcarina)和弹尾目 (Collem bola) ,二者共占总数的 94 .2 4 % ,A/ C为 7.6 6 ;常见类群为双翅目 (Diptera)。研究结果表明 :(1)凋落物中的土壤动物群落存在明显的有别于真土层的垂直分布 ,类群数和个体数总体表现为向下递增的趋势。共有 19类、5 9.0 3%的土壤动物分布在底部腐殖土层 ,仅 8类、5 .35 %的土壤动物分布在新鲜凋落物层 ,其余共 8类分布在中间腐叶层。而且 ,不同类群在各演替阶段的分布表现出一定的差异 ;(2 )凋落物中土壤动物群落随植物群落的演替而发生明显的变化 :个体总数和类群总数在演替顶极阶段最高 ,其次为中期阶段 ,演替初期最低。但是 ,在目这一分类等级上 ,各演替阶段凋落物中土壤动物群落的主要类群基本一致 ,均为蜱螨目、弹尾目、双翅目和鳞翅目 (L epidoptera) ;(3)相似性分析表明 ,演替中期凋落物中土壤动物群落与顶极阶段最为相似 ;但它们的Shannon- Wiener多样性     

南充高坪机场土壤及草丛动物群落特征和鸟类的关系

机场鸟类是机场安全的重大隐患,减少机场附近鸟类数量是机场安全至关重要的一环.2007年4～12月,对南充高坪机场3种生境土壤动物和草丛动物群落组成、数量和季节性变化特征进行了初步的研究.调查共获得土壤动物25类,其中蜱螨目、原尾目、线虫纲为土壤动物群落优势类群,占年总捕获量的71.88%;常见类群有弹尾目、线蚓科、腹足纲、膜翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、蚯蚓、蜘蛛目,直翅目9类,占总捕获量的22.84%.地表草丛动物21类,其中半翅目、蜘蛛目、双翅目、腹足纲为地表草丛动物的优势类群,占年捕获量的65.7%;常见类群有直翅目、鞘翅目、同翅目、膜翅目、鳞翅目、革翅目、弹尾目7类,占总捕获量的31.2%.将土壤动物群落、草丛动物群落与肉食性鸟类进行相关分析,结果显示土壤动物群落变化与肉食性鸟类群落之间有一定关系;草丛动物数量与肉食性数量鸟类呈现一定正相关性,机场肉食性鸟类数量与直翅目数量呈显著的正相关关系(r=0.910,P=0.032).结合机场区域鸟类食性观察、分析,直翅目、腹足纲动物是机场肉食性鸟类数量的主要捕食对象,通过定期割草、消除腐草和杂物、喷洒农药控制地表草丛动物是减少机场区域肉食性鸟类数量的有效方法和途径.     

广州长岗山森林凋落物土壤动物群落结构及季节变化

为了解华南地区城市森林凋落物土壤动物群落结构特征及季节变化,对广州市长岗山自然保护区森林凋落物层土壤动物群落进行了为期1年的逐月采样调查,共采获凋落物土壤动物21 817头,隶属于3门9纲22类群,其中蜱螨目和弹尾目为优势类群,二者占全年土壤动物个体总数的70.3%;蠕形马陆亚纲、等足目、蜘蛛目、缨翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、鳞翅目幼虫和双翅目幼虫为常见类群,它们的个体数占全年土壤动物总个体数的27.0%.这些主要类群的相对多度和密度随采样季节而改变并与凋落物的湿度存在着一定的相关性.蜱螨目的密度高峰期出现在降雨量最多的5-8月;弹尾目的密度高峰出现在2-7月;缨翅目的密度高峰在8-12月,凋落物湿度过高或过低均使缨翅目密度降低;鞘翅目的密度高峰分别出现在5-8月、11月和翌年2月,而蠕形马陆亚纲的密度高峰期集中在5-6月,而其余月份的密度维持在低水平.蜱螨目(A)和弹尾目(C)个体数之比的大小不一定能反映同一气候带土壤动物的分布特征和规律,因为即使在同一地点,不同的采样时间也会造成A/C值差异悬殊.保留城市森林凋落物对提高城市森林土壤动物的多样性具有重要意义.     

Effect of simulated environmental change on alpine soil arthropods

The effects of environmental change on soil animal communities are poorly known. Norwegian mountains are subject to both atmospheric nitrogen deposition and increased temperature. In a nutrient poor alpine Dryas heath in south Norway, soil arthropods were studied after 4 years of simulated environmental change by warming and/or nutrient addition. Warming alone only affected three low‐density Collembola species, while nutrient addition, with or without warming, greatly changed the dominance hierarchy of the microarthropod community. Certain Collembola species with a short (1 year) life cycle and predatory Gamasina mites increased markedly in density. These groups may have been favored by increased litter production, as plant biomass and litter producing graminoids and forbs increased significantly in plots with nutrient addition and nutrient addition combined with warming. Microarthropods with a longer life cycle, such as Oribatida and certain Collembola, were generally unaffected by nutrient addition and probably need more time to respond. The number of Oribatida taxa was, however, reduced in plots with nutrient addition, both with and without warming. A ground‐living species of Coccoidea (Homoptera) declined in plots with nutrient addition and warming compared with only warming, probably due to reduced cover of its host plant Dryas. The density of Diptera larvae (Sciaridae and Chironomidae) was unaffected by the treatments. Our results show that increased nutrient availability in nutrient poor alpine soils may have large but different effects on different taxa of soil animals. Species with short life cycles reacted first. Nutrient addition and nutrient addition combined with warming resulted in several effects below ground on microarthropods as previously shown above ground on plants: Increased biomass, high dominance of a few rapid‐growing species, contrasting responses of closely related species, and a reduction in species numbers. These short‐term responses may have profound long‐term effects in this alpine ecosystem.     

常绿阔叶林片段中木荷凋落叶分解速率及中小型土壤节肢动物群落的结构动态

2004年6月-2006年4月,选择浙、闽、赣交界山地的4个森林片段作为研究地点,并以浙西的古田山国家级自然保护区作为连续森林对照,采用尼龙网袋法,研究了不同常绿阔叶林群落优势种木荷凋落叶的分解速率及土壤节肢动物群落的结构和动态.结果表明：5个研究地共获土壤节肢动物1050个,分属8纲23目,其中鳞翅目、膜翅目、弹尾目和双翅目占个体总数的10%以上,为该地区的优势类群.片段化对群落物种组成的影响主要体现在稀有类群的差异上.不同分解阶段各种土壤节肢动物类群优势度因其功能的不同而各异.经过2年的分解,各研究地木荷凋落叶损失量为60%～70%,研究地凋落物中土壤节肢动物的各项多样性指标均有一定的变化,且与连续森林的变化规律不一致.     

Biodiversity under rocks: the role of microhabitats in structuring invertebrate communities in Brazilian outcrops

There is little knowledge on the factors that can structure communities of tropical arthropods that live under rocks (lapidicolous communities). Using 28 rock shelters in a small granitic outcrop, we examined the relations among area, inclination, organic matter content, substrate moisture and distance from the border of the outcrop and richness and diversity of the communities. In total, we collected 1216 individuals from 106 morphospecies of Araneida, Acarina, Polyxenida, Spirostreptida, Dermaptera, Neuroptera, Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Psocoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Embioptera, Homoptera, Isoptera, Heteroptera, Lepidoptera, Collembola, Nematoda and Oligochaeta. The richness and diversity of the lapidicolous communities were significantly correlated with area, inclination and distance from the edge of the outcrop in the dry season. The richness and diversity of lapidicolous communities were significantly correlated with organic matter, substrate moisture and area in the rainy season. Space availability seemed to be an important structuring factor for lapidicolous communities in the present study, the most significant variables (substrate moisture and organic matter) were related to shelter area.     

长白山森林生态系统凋落物层和土壤层跳虫物种多样性和功能多样性对海拔梯度的响应

山脉是生物多样性研究的热点地区,以往关于山脉的研究多集中于地上植物和脊椎动物,无脊椎动物相关的研究明显滞后。跳虫(Collembola)是土壤无脊椎动物的主要类群之一,在分解有机质、疏松和活化土壤过程中发挥着重要的作用。以跳虫为研究对象,采用梯度格局法,在长白山北坡自海拔800 m至1700 m,每隔150 m进行凋落物层和土壤层样品的采集,对比分析了土壤层和凋落物层的群落组成与群落结构,采用4个物种多样性指数(丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数)和4个功能多样性指数(功能丰富度FRic指数、功能均匀度FEve指数、二次熵Rao''s Q指数和功能离散FEiv指数),探讨了多样性沿海拔梯度的分布格局。共获得跳虫5542头,隶属于12科42属83种,其中等节跳科为绝对优势类群(相对密度>50%)。非度量多维尺度分析结果表明,凋落物层和土壤层的跳虫群落结构差异显著,长角跳科、鳞跳科和疣跳科物种多分布于凋落物层,而棘跳科物种多分布于土壤层。线性或二次回归模型结果表明,在凋落物层跳虫的丰富度指数,Shannon-Weiner多样性指数和Simpson多样性指数沿海拔梯度的变化呈增加格局;但在土壤层跳虫物种多样性指数沿海拔梯度的变化无明显趋势。在凋落物层,跳虫的功能丰富度指数和功能离散度Rao''s Q指数随海拔梯度的变化呈现单峰分布格局;在土壤层,跳虫的功能丰富度指数随海拔梯度的变化也呈现单峰分布格局,但其他功能多样性指数沿海拔梯度的变化无明显趋势。研究表明凋落物层和土壤层跳虫的群落组成,群落结构及多样性存在显著差异,跳虫的物种多样性指数和功能多样性指数对海拔梯度变化的响应不同,未来在探讨土壤动物沿海拔梯度的分布格局及其物种共存机制时,应综合考量垂直分层(凋落物层和土壤层)和多个度量维度(物种多样性和功能多样性)。