左西孟旦对急性心衰患者心功能及cTnT, hs-CRP, NT-proBNP水平影响

目的:观察左西孟旦对急性心力衰竭患者心功能及cTnT、hs-CRP、NT-proBNP水平影响。方法:选取在我院就诊的327例急性心力衰竭患者,按照治疗方式不同,分为观察组(常规治疗+左西孟旦)164例和对照组(常规治疗)163例,对比两组用药前及用药后24 h的左心射血分数(LVEF)、每搏输出量(SV)、肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和氨基末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平。结果:治疗前,两组LVEF和SV比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组LVEF和SV均显著高于治疗前(P0.05);对照组LVEF显著高于治疗前(P0.05),SV与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后观察组LVEF和SV均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组cTnT、hs-CRP、NT-proBNP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后两组cTnT、hs-CRP、NT-proBNP水平均显著低于治疗前(P0.05)。治疗后观察组cTnT、hs-CRP、NT-proBNP水平显著低于对照组(P0.05)。两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:左西孟旦治疗急性心力衰竭可明显增加心肌收缩力,抑制心肌重塑,减轻炎症反应,改善患者预后。     

参附注射液对老年慢性心衰患者血清NT-proBNP、H-FABP及CRP 水平的影响

目的:探讨参附注射液对老年慢性心衰患者脑钠肽(NT-proBNP)、心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)及C-反应蛋白(CRP)的影响。方法:收集我院收治的慢性心力衰竭患者70例,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组各35例,对照组患者均给予相应常规对症治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予参附注射液静脉滴注,治疗结束后观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清NT-proBNP、H-FABP及CRP水平的变化以及治疗效果。结果:与治疗前相比,两组患者治疗后血清NT-proBNP、H-FABP及CRP水平与治疗前相比均降低(P0.05);实验组患者治疗后血清NT-proBNP、H-FABP及CRP水平与对照组患者相比较低(P0.05)。实验组临床总有效率与对照组相比较高,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:参附注射液能够降低老年慢性心衰患者血清NT-proBNP、H-FABP及CRP水平,提高临床疗效。     

阿托伐他汀早期干预对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者血脂及炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探讨早期阿托伐他汀钙片干预对2型糖尿病合并高血压患者血脂水平和炎症指标的影响。方法:选择2014年5月-2015年5月我院收治的2型糖尿病合并高血压患者130例,根据治疗方法不同,将患者分为研究组和对照组,每组各65例。对照组采取常规降压及降糖药物治疗,研究组在此基础上应用阿托伐他汀钙片。观察两组患者治疗前后血脂水平、高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)及白介素-18(IL-18)的变化情况。结果:治疗后,两组患者胆固醇(TC)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均较治疗前降低,且研究组显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者治疗前后的甘油三脂(TG)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组患者hs-CRP、IL-6及IL-18水平均较治疗前降低,且研究组显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组不良反应的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:阿托伐他汀钙片可以有效改善2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的血脂水症,降低血清炎症因子的表达,值得临床推广应用。     

吡格列酮和二甲双胍对初诊2型糖尿病患者肠源性内毒素水平的影响

目的:探究吡格列酮和二甲双胍对初诊2型糖尿病患者肠源性内毒素水平的影响。方法:选取初诊2型糖尿病患者105例,随机分为吡格列酮治疗组(52例)和二甲双胍治疗组(53例),以同期性别、年龄匹配的健康体检者42例作为对照组,治疗12周之后比较两组治疗前后肠源性内毒素及相关生化指标的变化情况。结果:治疗前,两治疗组的肠源性内毒素水平均显著高于对照组(P0.05);吡格列酮治疗后,患者肠源性内毒素和hs-CRP水平均下降较为明显(P0.01);而二甲双胍治疗后,仅hs-CRP水平显著下降,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),而肠源性内毒素下降不明显(P0.05);但两种药物治疗后,肠源性内毒素水平仍高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:吡格列酮可以降低初诊2型糖尿病患者的肠源性内毒素水平,而二甲双胍对肠源性内毒素的下降作用不明显。     

西格列汀对2 型糖尿病患者微量白蛋白尿影响的研究

目的:研究西格列汀对2型糖尿病患者微量白蛋白尿的影响,分析其可能机制和临床应用价值。方法:选取160例伴微量白蛋白尿的2型糖尿病患者,随机分为西格列汀组和其他药物组,各80例。比较两组患者治疗前和治疗3个月后血糖水平、尿微量白蛋白、超敏C反应蛋白及血浆还原型谷胱甘肽水平。结果:经3个月治疗,两组患者空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、Hb A1c均较治疗前下降,但差异无明显统计学意义(P0.05);西格列汀治疗组患者尿微量白蛋白和血浆Hs-CRP水平明显下降,血浆还原型谷胱甘肽水平明显升高,与其他口服药物治疗组相比差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:西格列汀可能通过改善机体炎症状态,降低氧化和应激水平等机制降低2型糖尿病患者的尿微量白蛋白水平。     

氯沙坦联合麝香保心丸治疗高血压并心衰患者的疗效分析

目的:探究氯沙坦联合麝香保心丸治疗高血压合并心衰患者的临床效果。方法:选取我院于2014年1月~2016年1月收治的152例原发性高血压合并心力衰竭患者,按照治疗方法的不同随机分为观察组和对照组,每组76例。对照组患者予以吸氧、β受体阻滞剂、利尿等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用氯沙坦联合麝香保心丸治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后的血压、心功能、血清血清B型脑钠肽(BNP)及超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平。结果:治疗后,两组患者的血压、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、水平和血清BNP、hs-CRP水平均较治疗前显著降低(P0.05),LVEF(%)水平较治疗前显著升高,且观察组患者的血压、LVEDD、LVESD水平和血清B型脑钠肽(BNP)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平显著低于对照组(P0.05),LVEF(%)水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:氯沙坦联合麝香保心丸治疗高血压合并心衰患者的临床效果优于常规治疗,可有效控制血压并改善患者的心功能。     

银杏叶联合瑞舒伐他汀对糖尿病合并脑梗死患者血清TNF-α, hs-CRP及血脂水平的影响

目的:探讨银杏叶联合瑞舒伐他汀对糖尿病合并脑梗死的临床疗效。方法:选取2012年5月-2015年5月我院收治的糖尿病合并脑梗死患者98例,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组和研究组,每组49例。对照组采用瑞舒伐他汀钙片治疗,研究组在对照组基础上加用银杏叶提取物治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后血清TNF-α,hs-CRP及血脂水平的变化情况以及临床疗效。结果:与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清TNF-α水平均降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后血清hs-CRP水平均降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者TC,LDL-C及TG均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组患者HDL-C显著高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后NIHSS评分均降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:银杏叶提取物联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗脑梗死合并糖尿病具有显著的临床疗效,能够降低患者血清炎症因子水平,改善患者高血脂状态,值得临床推广应用。     

西格列汀片与格列美脲片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效比较

目的:比较西格列汀片与格列美脲片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的疗效。方法:选取2014年7月~2015年7月间在我院治疗的初发2型糖尿病伴NAFLD患者78例,通过随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组,各39例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上加用格列美脲片,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加用西格列汀片。治疗后对两组患者脂肪肝的疗效进行评价,比较治疗前及治疗12周后两组患者血糖、血脂、肝功能相关指标水平,并观察两组治疗过程中的不良反应。结果:观察组患者总有效率为84.62%,高于对照组的71.49%(P0.05)。治疗12周后,两组患者血糖、血脂、肝功能相关指标水平均较治疗前改善,且观察谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用西格列汀片治疗初发2型糖尿病伴NAFLD可有效控制患者脂肪肝症状,保护肝功能,相比格列美脲片疗效更好,值得进一步推广使用。     

小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆NT-p roBNP、CRP水平及心功能的影响

目的:观察小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔对慢性心力衰竭患者血浆NT-p roBNP、CRP水平及心功能的影响.方法:将71例慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,均予常规抗心衰治疗,治疗组加服小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔,疗程12周.治疗前后用彩超测定心功能指标左心室射血分数(LVEF),ELISA法和散射比浊法测定血浆N2末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平.结果:治疗后治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,心功能指标LVEF明显升高,血浆NT-proBNP、CRP水平均明显下降,P均＜0.05;治疗组血浆NT-p roBNP与LVEF呈负相关(r=0.75,P＜0.05);血浆CRP水平与LVEF增加呈负相关(r=0.433,P＜0.05).结论:小剂量螺内酯联合美托洛尔治疗慢性心衰效果确切,其主要作用机制为降低血浆NT-proBNP、CRP水平和改善心功能.     

吡格列酮治疗对2 型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者血糖、胰岛素抵抗和炎症因子的影响

目的:探讨吡格列酮治疗对2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者血糖、胰岛素抵抗和炎症因子的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院2013年8月-2015年2月收治的96例2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者病例资料,根据治疗方法的不同分为观察组和对照组,每组48例,两组患者均给予糖尿病常规基础治疗,在此基础上,观察组患者给予吡格列酮治疗,治疗3个月。检测治疗前后血糖指标包括空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(2h PG)以及糖化血糖蛋白(Hb A1c),胰岛素抵抗指标包括空腹胰岛素(FINS)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和炎症因子包括超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)。结果:观察组治疗后FPG、2 h PG、Hb A1c分别为(6.19±2.24)mmol/L、(8.30±2.48)mmol/L和(6.01±1.23)%,均显著低于治疗前和对照组治疗后,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后FINS和HOMA-IR分别为(6.60±1.92)m IU/L和2.08±1.00,均较治疗前和对照组治疗后显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后hs-CRP、IL-6和TNF-α分别为(6.12±1.67)ng/L、(62.65±10.30)ng/L和(83.16±16.55)ng/L,均较治疗前和对照组治疗后显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:吡格列酮治疗可以显著降低2型糖尿病合并代谢综合征患者血糖水平,改善胰岛素抵抗,降低炎症反应,值得进一步研究。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.