人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）是宫颈癌的主要致病因子,宫颈癌已成为继乳腺癌之后引起女性死亡的第二大癌症,在一些发展中国家宫颈癌已经成为女性癌症死亡率的首位。另外,HPV还与很多其他癌症及皮肤、粘膜疣等常见疾病有关。因此,研究和开发预防和治疗宫颈癌及相关疾病的疫苗十分必要,本文综述了HPV预防性疫苗和治疗性疫苗的研究进展,以期为HPV疫苗的研究提供参考。     

人乳头瘤病毒治疗性疫苗的研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)感染是宫颈癌的主要致病因素,多年来人们努力通过研发HPV疫苗来控制HPV相关疾病。虽然预防性HPV疫苗的接种代表了重大的公共卫生突破,但它仅能预防HPV部分型别的感染,并不具有治疗效果,无法防止预先存在的HPV感染进展为恶性肿瘤。而以致癌蛋白E6、E7等为靶点,诱导特异性细胞毒性T细胞的HPV治疗性疫苗可以减轻甚至消除HPV相关高度病变和癌症,因此其研究具有重要意义。本文旨在阐述近年来HPV治疗性疫苗的研究进展,并为以后的治疗性疫苗研究提供指导。     

人乳头瘤病毒疫苗研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗是防治宫颈癌的主要措施。已上市的宫颈癌疫苗为几种型别HPV衣壳蛋白的混合物,用于预防宫颈癌的发生。而针对HPV所致感染及宫颈癌等治疗性疫苗正在研制中。     

基因工程技术构建预防性HPV疫苗

宫颈癌的发生与高危型人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）感染高度相关已得到公认。利用基因重组技术开发HPV疫苗是目前预防宫颈癌唯一有效的方法。文章综述了近年来在基因工程HPV疫苗研制中广泛应用的载体表达系统及其特点、依据密码子偏爱原则优化病毒外壳蛋白基因序列显著提高外壳蛋白产量等方面的研究成果,以为进一步研制与优化HPV疫苗提供参考。     

人乳头瘤病毒及宫颈癌疫苗的研究——解读2008年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖

德国科学家Harald zur Hausen因发现人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）导致子宫颈癌,与另外两位科学家共享了2008年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖．HPV是一组小DNA病毒,目前己鉴定有118型．HPV感染人的上皮组织,诱发产生包括妇女宫颈癌和尖锐湿疣在内的多种良恶性增生性疾病,目前已有两种人乳头瘤病毒预防性疫苗上市．对病毒的生物学特性、致癌机制及相关的疫苗的研究进行综述．     

25岁以上妇女使用人乳头瘤病毒16/18AS04-佐剂疫苗的效力、安全性和免疫原性

正虽然青少年时期的女性是人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗的主要接种人群,但是存在患宫颈癌风险的年长女性依旧可以接种疫苗。该研究将还在进行中的VIVIANE研究的中期数据进行汇总整理,目的是评估HPV 16/18 AS04-佐剂疫苗的效力、安全     

宫颈癌相关blcap基因的生物信息学分析

宫颈癌是发展中国家最常见的妇科恶性肿瘤之一,其死亡率居女性肿瘤的第二位,已成为危害女性身体健康的最主要杀手[1].过去常认为高危型人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus, HPV)如HPV16,18等型的感染是导致宫颈癌的主要原因之一,但近年众多的研究表明,细胞内遗传因素的改变也起着非常重要的作用[2].因此,确定宫颈癌相关基因,从而对从分子水平上了解细胞癌变机制,为宫颈癌的临床诊断、预防、易感性预测及治疗提供分子标记具有十分重要的意义.     

一种新型、广谱的HPV治疗性疫苗可诱导E7特异性CD8T细胞免疫并抑制大的表达E7的TC-1肿瘤的生长

<正>宫颈癌是全世界妇女中最常见的癌症,高危型人乳头瘤病毒的持续感染可引发宫颈癌。另外,越来越多的研究表明,高危HPV感染与生殖道癌、头部、颈部癌症的发生相关。最近,针对两种最常见、高危型别的HPV16、HPV18型疫苗,正在进行大规模的疫苗接种。     

人乳头瘤病毒与肿瘤

人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)感染是全球最常见的性传播感染之一。根据致癌潜力,该病毒被分为高危型和低危型两种。HPV16和18是最常见的高危型,也是引起宫颈癌(uterus cervical carcinoma, UCC)的病原体。近来报道的头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC),包括鼻咽癌、口咽癌、喉癌,尤其是口咽部的扁桃体鳞状细胞癌的发生也与高危型HPV有一定的关联。由HPV引起的癌症尚无特殊的治疗方法,青春期男、女孩可接种HPV疫苗以预防相关的肿瘤发生。     

人乳头瘤病毒分型检测在宫颈病变中的研究进展

宫颈癌是感染性疾病,HPV感染是宫颈癌发生的主要因素。宫颈上皮内留样病变(CIN)是宫颈浸润癌演变发展过程中的癌前病变阶段,研究发现大多数CIN伴有人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染,不同HPV亚型的致病力不同,因此不同亚型的HPV感染可以导致不同的宫颈病变。对CIN早诊、早治是降低宫颈癌发生率和死亡率的关键,临床上应用HPV亚型检测对宫颈病变的初筛及治疗追踪具有重要意义。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

Time of detection of recessive genes: effects of system of mating and number of examined individuals

Summary Anthers were cultured from two sets of seven lines of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different cytoplasms, the euplasmic nucleus donors, Siete Cerros 66 and Penjamo 62, as well as their six alloplasmic lines derived from wild relative species of the genera Triticum and Aegilops. Significant cytoplasmic and nuclear effects but no cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction were found for embryogenic anther response, with the best performance of Penjamo 62 in Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm. Plant regeneration was not affected significantly by the cytoplasmic background of the lines cultured. The possible genetic implications of the observed cytoplasmic and nuclear influences on the in vitro haploid induction of wheat are discussed.