木里柠檬叶精油化学成份的研究

用毛细管气相色谱-质谱-计算机数据联用技术、标准品叠加法和毛细管保留指数定性法分析了木里柠檬(Citrus Liilion(L.)Burm.f.)的叶精油化学成分。从水蒸汽蒸馏叶精油被分离的110多个色谱峰中鉴定了41种化合物,并测定了其相对含量。其主要成分是香叶醛(21.3058％)、橙花醛(13.9580)、d-柠檬烯(9.8359)、β-水芹烯(9.3297)、橙花醇(4.4657)、乙酸橙花酯(2.8162)、香茅醛(2.6338)、乙酸芳樟酯(2.2179)、α-水芹烯(2.0390)、香芹酮(2.0213)、6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮(1.7250)和乙酸香叶酯(1.6586)。被鉴定的成份占总成份的96.6652％     

楠木种皮精油化学成分的研究

本文报导了用毛细管气相色谱-质谱计算机联用技术、毛细管气相色谱保留指数法和标准品叠加法分析楠木种皮精油的化学成分,从分离出来的60个峰中,初步鉴定出30个成分,并测定了其相对含量,其主要成分是α-水芹烯(38.81％)、α-萜品油烯(12.03％),β-水芹烯(12.34％)等。     

中草药“一口钟”的原植物鉴定及其精油的化学成分

云南,四川等省市售的中草药“一口钟”为蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus Labill.)的果实.用气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用技术、标准品迭加和毛细管保留指数定性法,对其精油的化学成分进行分析.从分离的65个成分中,鉴定出36个成分,其含量占总组成的93.80％,主要成分是别香树烯(23.37％),1.8-桉叶油素(20.81％)、金合欢醇(9.95％)、α-水芹烯(8.30％)、δ-愈创木烯(5.95％)、δ-蒎烯(4.09％)、β-水芹烯(3.43％)、α-愈创木烯(3.15％)等.     

不同品种柚子皮精油成分及抗氧化与抑菌能力对比研究

柚子皮是一种富含精油的具有药用价值的生物质资源,但其精油成分与生物活性尚未深入研究。本文首先通过水蒸汽蒸馏法提取了12个不同品种的柚子皮精油,接着用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对精油成分与相对含量进行了测定,然后采用DPPH自由基清除法、滤纸片法对不同品种柚子皮精油的抗氧化和抑菌能力进行比较,最后对不同品种柚子皮精油GC-MS分析数据进行主成分分析和聚类分析,结合抗氧化和抑菌实验结果,着力于理清柚子皮精油成分与抗氧化、抑菌能力的关系。实验结果表明：柚子皮精油的提取率为0.22%～1.52%;GC-MS法从不同品种柚子皮精油中鉴定出D-柠檬烯、β-月桂烯、α-蒎烯、α-水芹烯、芳樟醇等35种化学成分;DPPH自由基清除实验表明柚子皮精油的抗氧化能力与精油浓度呈正相关性;滤纸片法抑菌实验表明柚子皮精油有一定的抑菌效果,且对特定的菌种抑菌效果更明显。主成分分析和聚类分析结果表明,抗氧化和抑菌效果显著的成分有D-柠檬烯、柠檬醛、芳樟醇,而石竹烯、香叶烯醇、α-水芹烯也具有一定的抗氧化和抑菌能力。     

云南野香橼叶油的化学成分

云南省盈江县产野香橼(Citrus medica L.)叶油,用Finnigan-4510型毛细管气相色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法进行了化学成分分析、共检出了31个成分,鉴定了其中22个成分,占全精油的98.5％,主要成分为柠檬烯(56.63％),橙花醛(8.18％),香叶醛(13.52％),对一聚伞花素(3.92％),乙酸香叶酯(2.34％),甲基庚烯酮和月桂烯(3.26％)等。该油具有特征的柠檬—柑桔香气,适宜于调配果香和化妆香精。     

毛桂和少花桂叶精油的化学成分

湖北省鄂西自治州产毛桂和少花桂叶精油,分别使用Finnigan-4510型毛细管气相色谱/质谱/电子计算机联用(GC/MS/DS)方法进行了化学成分分析。从毛桂叶精油中共检出61个成分,鉴定了其中21个化合物,占精油总量的76.39%,主要成分为1,8-桉叶油素(37.02%)和乙酸龙脑酯(16.24%)。从少花桂叶精油中共检出60余个成分,鉴定了其中33个成分,占全精油的77.85%,含量较高的有α-蒎烯(9.09%)、1,8-桉叶油素(8.27%)、香叶醇(6.03%),香叶醛(5.90%),乙酸香叶酯(4.94%)和黄樟油素(4.43%)等。     

粘叶莸精油化学成分的研究

用气相色谱保留指数定性法,色谱-质谱-计算机联用实验和标准品迭加法分析了粘叶莸 (Caryopteris glutinosa) 精油的化学成分,从分离出的76个色谱峰中鉴定出30个化合物,并测定了它们的相对含量,其主要成分为β-蒎烯(52.630％)、柠檬烯(15.030％、α-蒎烯(13.810％),香叶烯(2.890％)、红没药烯(2.419％)、α- 烯 (1.074％) 和香桧烯 (1.010％)。     

毛叶丁香罗勒精油的化学成分分析

西双版纳引种栽培的毛叶丁香罗勒精油用Finnigan-4510型毛细管色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法进行了化学成分分析,共分离了26个成分,鉴定了其中的16个成分,占全精油含量的98.5％。主要成分是:丁香酚(80.33％);罗勒烯(12.80％);β-毕橙茄烯(4.24％)。     

阴香叶精油化学成分及抗菌活性

研究阴香叶精油的化学成分及体外抗真菌活性,以期为开发绿色、安全、高效的抑菌剂提供参考。水蒸气蒸馏法提取阴香叶精油,气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）分析精油成分;熏蒸法研究阴香叶精油抗黄曲霉菌和黑曲霉菌的活性;超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）分析精油对黄曲霉毒素B₁（AFB₁）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）的抑制作用。从阴香叶精油中鉴定出38种化学成分,主要成分有龙脑、桉油精、α-水芹烯、p-伞花烃、α-萜品醇、乙酸龙脑酯等。阴香叶精油用量为40 μL时,对黄曲霉菌丝体的抑制率为92.59%,对AFB₁的抑制率为47.05%;精油用量为20 μL时,黑曲霉菌丝体的抑制率为67.18%,对OTA的抑制率为100%。阴香叶精油的化学成分丰富,具有显著抑制黄曲霉菌,黑曲霉菌及毒素产生的作用,具有开发为抑菌剂的应用价值。     

少官桂精油化学成分的研究

用毛细管气相色谱—质谱—计算机联用技术,毛细管气相色谱和标准品叠加法分析了少官桂(Neocinnamomum delauayi(H.Lec.)Liou)叶精油的化学成分。从分离出的67个色谱峰中鉴定出了41个成分。其中主要成分是樟脑(41.006％),a-蒎烯(6.975％),茨烯(6.967％),β-蒎烯(2.854％),月桂烯(2.494％),柠檬烯(5.064％),乙酸冰片酯(5.404％)和顺式石竹烯(6.613％)。分析结果表明,少官桂叶精油用来生产樟脑是有价值的。     

Pleuromeia from the lower triassic of the far east of the U.S.S.R.

Pleuromeia obrutschewii Elias from Russian Island (Russkiy Ostrov, near Vladivostok) is hardly distinguishable from the European P. sternbergii (Muenster) Corda. The sporangia are adaxial, filling spoon-like depressions of the megasporophylls which have sterile tips. P. olenekensis sp. nov. from the Olenek River (northeastern Siberia) has larger sporangia and much larger megaspores with three-layered walls. The outer layer (ectexosporium) is reticulate. It is assumed that in other species this layer is lacking due to imperfect preservation. Mature megasporophylls, when shed, have a buoy-like shape and are often deposited together with cephalopod shells. This suggests a special mechanism of propagation by means of megasporophylls dispersed by water currents. The cosmopolitan distribution of Pleuromeia points to weakened climatic zonation in the Early Triassic.     

L.D.H. and L.D.H. isoenzymes of the intra-uterine secretions of the cow during the estrous cycle

Uterine secretions were collected from 20 mature cows during estrus (day 0), metestrus (day 5), diestrus (day 10) and proestrus (day-1). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and LDH isoenzymes activity were evaluated. No significant cyclic variations of LDH activity was found in the uterine secretions while the mean of the enzyme activity was higher during the estrogenic period of the cycle. The relative activity of LDH-1, LDH-2 and LDH-3 isoenzymes were higher during proestrus and estrus whereas LDH-5 activity was more important during metestrus. The LDH-3 seems to have the higher relative activity in uterine secretions of the cow.     

An e.p.r. study of the non-equivalence of the copper sites of caeruloplasmin.

The two Type 1 (blue) copper-binding sites of caeruloplasmin were spectroscopically differentiated by the kinetic analysis of the e.p.r. spectra during the redox cycle. One blue copper, with a hyperfine splitting constant (A parallel) of 6.8 mT, which was rapidly reduced, was not reoxidized by oxygen, whereas it was reoxidized by H2O2. The other blue copper (A parallel = 5.8 mT), which was reduced slowly, was rapidly reoxidized by either oxygen or H2O2. A conformational change of the Type 2 copper was concomitant with the fast reduction of Type 1 copper, whereas its reduction occurred during the slow phase. This sequence of events was reversed in the reoxidation step, that is, the Type 2 copper reappeared rapidly as the species with altered conformation and reverted to the symmetry typical of the native state in the slow phase. The specific reaction of a blue-copper site with the H2O2 can tentatively be related to the established ability of caeruloplasmin to prevent 'oxidative' attack of proteins and lipids.