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棕胸竹鸡觅食行为的观察 总被引:16,自引:3,他引:13
对笼养条件下棕胸竹鸡(Bambusicola fytchii fytchii)每日的觅食节律的时间、频次、求偶取食行为和社群等级之间的关系进行了观察。结果表明:影响棕胸竹鸡觅食行为的主要因素是一天中它在地面上活动、静栖、游走及饮水等项行为所占时间的长短。影响求偶取食行为的主要因素是它在地面上活动的总时间和理羽、攻击及其它的求偶活动所占的时间多少。社群等级对棕胸竹鸡的觅食行为有一定的影响,但不甚显著。 相似文献
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灰胸薮鹛鸣声及繁殖行为的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
2005年5~8月、2006年1~2月、2008年10月在四川省老君山自然保护区对灰胸薮鹛(Liodchla omeiensis)的鸣声及繁殖行为进行了初步研究.在繁殖期和非繁殖期都能记录到的灰胸薮鹛鸣声可分为召唤、应答、觅食、采食、休息、飞行联络、报警叫声14种,仅在繁殖期能记录到的有占区、驱逐、逃避、求偶叫声12种.通过声谱分析获得了各种叫声的语谱图及其频谱特征.本文还对灰胸薮鹛繁殖期占区、求偶、交配、营巢、产卵和孵卵前3 d的行为进行了描述. 相似文献
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发情期小灵猫行为的研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文对笼养小灵猫发情期的繁殖行为进行了观察。结果表明:小灵猫一年有两次发情期,绝大部分的小灵猫在春季(2-4月)发情,少数个体在秋季(8月底至9月)出现第2次发情。发情期雄性小灵猫频繁地发出求偶叫声和增加擦香次数。雄猫的擦香行为和求偶叫声可促使雌猫的发情,发情期一系列性行为对雌雄交配的成功与否有重要的意义。 相似文献
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几种笼养鸟的人工繁殖李雪,李福来野生鸟类的繁殖一般从春季开始。早春,随着日照时间延长,天气渐渐变暖,万物复苏,鸟类的体内也发生着一系列的变化,新陈代谢增强,性激素分泌增多,刺激生殖腺发育,开始出现求偶、交配、营巢、产卵、孵化、育雏等一系列的繁殖行为。... 相似文献
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普氏原羚的求偶交配行为 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
作者采用所有事件取样法、扫描取样法和目标取样法研究分析了元者分布区内普氏原羚(Procapraprzewalskii) 的求偶交配行为, 分析了放牧活动对普氏原羚求偶、交配行为的影响。我们共记录到28 种发情、求偶及交配行为。雄性普氏原羚的求偶、交配过程分为4 个阶段。第一阶段为雄羚对雌羚的试探接近阶段。雌羚对雄羚的试探行为有两种反应: 雌羚走开拒绝雄羚的求偶; 或者雌羚叉开后腿静立并不停摆尾以示接受雄羚,有时雌羚还会主动靠近雄羚。如果雌羚接受雄羚的求偶, 雄羚便会进入求偶表演的第二阶段: 雄羚开始以直立、直立行走或碎步移动的方式靠近雌羚。第三个阶段是爬胯、交配阶段。雄羚的插入、射精过程在很短时间(约1-2 s) 内完成。最后一个阶段是交配后雄羚对配偶的看守阶段。普氏原羚交配制度为求偶场交配制度, 交配模式为无锁结、多次插入、无抽动、多次射精, 分别属于Dewsbury和Dixson交配行为模式分类系统的第13 种类型和第14种类型。人类放牧对普氏原羚繁殖行为具有明显的影响。在本研究中共记录了1 009 次爬胯行为, 这些爬胯行为多发生在家畜到达求偶场以前与家畜离开求偶场后30min 。 相似文献
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【目的】本研究旨在明确韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia cellarum成虫行为活动的昼夜节律,为其室内饲养、行为学研究和研发精准、高效的监测与防控新技术提供依据。【方法】室内系统观察记录了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫羽化盛期求偶、交配、产卵、移动与静息等行为的昼夜节律,分析了其特定行为的时间分配特征。【结果】韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫的运动行为和静息行为白天和黑夜均有发生,夜间的繁殖行为(求偶、交配和产卵)频次高于白天的,各时间点的移动、静息和繁殖行为频次占比间均具有显著性差异。韭菜迟眼蕈蚊雌雄成虫的求偶节律相同,一天中求偶有两次高峰,分别出现在3:00和7:00。韭菜迟眼蕈蚊雌雄成虫的交配节律与雌成虫的产卵节律相似,雄成虫移动行为频次占比的峰值时刻均出现在3:00时,雌成虫移动行为频次占比的峰值时刻则出现在19:00时。雌雄成虫静息行为的频次占比均无明显昼夜节律高峰。在日时间分配上,雌、雄成虫以静息行为的时间占比最多,分别为89.53%和89.90%;求偶行为的时间占比最少,分别为0.56%和0.89%。雌雄成虫各行为的日时间占比差异不显著。【结论】韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫的求偶、交配、产卵、移动和静息行为具有明显... 相似文献
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动物求偶场交配制度及其发生机制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
求偶场是动物在繁殖期的集群求偶交配的场所,是动物求偶与繁殖行为的表达空间。为探索求偶场的发生及其进化机制,研究们在短短20年中提出了近10种关于求偶场发生与进化机制的假说与模型。在鸟类、哺乳类、两栖爬行类和鱼类中已广泛地展开有关求偶场的研究,但目前国内却还鲜见相关研究报道。本介绍了求偶场的特征、类型及其进化假说与模型。结合保护生物学理论,简单阐述了求偶场研究的保护生物学及行为生态学意义。 相似文献
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桂西南喀斯特地区位于中国广西的西南部,属于全球生物多样性热点地区。通过自2003年以来,对该地区雉类进行的调查,共记录到7种雉类,分别是中华鹧鸪(Francolinus pintadeanus)、褐胸山鹧鸪(Arborophila brunneopectus)、棕胸竹鸡(Bambusicola fytchii)、灰胸竹鸡(Bambusicola thoracica)、原鸡(Gallus gallus)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)和环颈雉(Phasianus colchicus)。对该地区雉类的生态分布状况及栖息地的植被类型和坡位等空间生态位进行分析和比较的结果表明,原鸡的综合生态位最宽,灰胸竹鸡第二,最窄为中华鹧鸪。综合生态位重叠值最大的是中华鹧鸪--环颈雉和灰胸竹鸡--原鸡。分布范围狭窄、种群数量相对较少及生态适应性较低的褐胸山鹧鸪应该是该地区最易受到威胁的种类。 相似文献
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笼养褐马鸡繁殖行为的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1984年我们对褐马鸡(Crossoptilon mantchuricum)的繁殖行为作了观察。了解到它们的一些行为特征,通过这一工作希望有助于促进褐马鸡和其它珍禽的饲养管理和繁殖。 材料与方法 观察的三对褐马鸡,其中两对于1982年获自河北省西部的小五台山,都是当年的幼体;另一对于1983年初取自北京动物园,是1982年该园繁殖的后代。观察期间,褐马鸡圈养在笼舍内,舍内面积约3×2米,舍外架设网以防外逸并作为活动场所,面积约7×2.5米。观察是在距活动场10—15米的室内隐蔽处进行。录相是在活动场的护网外用 相似文献
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Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are endangered in the wild and may no longer be imported into the United States. Of those animals presently in captivity, candidates for breeding programs must be identified to insure a self-sustaining captive population. Some have suggested that poor reproductive performance might be linked to the performance of abnormal behaviors. In Study 1, three institutions housing breeding colonies of chimpanzees (86 males, 103 females) surveyed their animals for abnormal behaviors, copulatory performance, and, for females, maternal competence. In neither sex was there a positive association between absence of copulation and the presence of any of 18 forms of abnormal behavior. No one abnormal behavior was positively associated with inadequate maternal performance. Contrary to expectations, in both sexes (significantly for females), copulators exhibited more forms of abnormal behaviors than did noncopulators. In contrast, good mothers did show slightly fewer different forms of abnormal behaviors than did inadequate mothers. No specific combination of abnormal behaviors was associated with lack of copulatory performance in either sex or with inadequacy of maternal behavior. Significant sex differences occurred only in 2 of the 18 abnormal behaviors (coprophagy and self-clinging), both with females showing the higher prevalence. In Study 2, the rate of rocking in 5 male and 14 female chimpanzees at the Primate Foundation of Arizona was found to be relatively high among some reproductively competent subjects. Some rocking had forms and contexts indicative of aggressive displays. We conclude that chimpanzees should not be disregarded as potential breeders or as candidates for resocialization and breeding programs solely because they exhibit abnormal behaviors. Anyone involved in assessing well-being needs to be aware of individual differences among animals in the stimuli that may elicit rocking behavior. If they are strangers, they may elicit display rocking which does not indicate a lack of well-being. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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REGINALD D. MANWELL CONSTANCE S. ALLEN ROBERT E. KUNTZ 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1976,23(4):571-576
SYNOPSIS. Blood films were examined from 1477 birds of Taiwan (193 species, 49 families). Haemoproteus Kruse was by far the commonest parasite, with Leucocytozoon Danilewski a not very close second. It is probable that some of the Haemoproteus infections represented new species, and 1 occurring in the Bamboo Partridge (Bambusicola thoracica sonorivox Gould) seemed characteristic enough to justify recognition as such; the name Haemoproteus bambusicolae sp. n. is proposed for this organism. Malaria was found in 77 birds, the greatest number of infections occurring in the Bamboo Partridge. Most of them were caused by Plasmodium juxtanucleare Versiani & Gomes, a pathogen of chickens, but a number were due to an undetermined species of Plasmodium. The Bamboo Partridge may be a reservoir host of the former. A few other identified species (P. rouxi Sergent & Sergent, P. hexamerium Huff, P. tenue Laveran & Mesnil) were seen, as well as some unidentified ones. Plasmodium tenue was seen in Garrulax canorus taewanus Swinhoe, a babbler: until now it was known only from the Pekin Robin (Leiothrix luteus Scopoli), also a babbler, in which we have found it extremely common. Sixty-four microfilarial infections were identified; they were especially frequent in the Button Quail (Turnix suscitator rostrata Swinhoe). 相似文献
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通过室内饲养和观察,记述了扁蚊蝎蛉Bittacus planusCheng成虫捕食过程、雌雄交配和产卵行为。捕食过程分准备、捕捉、取食和清洁等4个步骤。观察到了雄虫的献礼行为,雌虫边取食边交配。存在有自相残杀行为。 相似文献
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2005年3月至2006年3月,采取所有事件取样法,对成都动物园5只(2雄,3雌)圈养金钱豹(Panthera pardu)进行观察,旨在了解圈养金钱豹的交配情况。记录交配行为1 174次。结果显示,圈养金钱豹全年皆可发情。具有明显的交配模式,交配姿势仅有一种,为背腹式。平均交配持续天数为(4.75±1.26)d。昼夜都有交配行为,但白天交配次数较夜间多。日交配的高峰发生在08:00~10:00时,不同的雄性个体出现的交配高峰日不同。平均交配持续时间为(7.48±1.22)s。在交配持续时间(P=0.000)、总交配次数(P=0.04)上,不同的雄性个体间存在显著性差异;而同一雄性在与不同雌性交配时,其持续时间无显著差异。金钱豹交配的特点为,交配的频次多,但每次交配持续时间短。 相似文献
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REGINALD D. MANWELL 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1966,13(1):8-11
SYNOPSIS. Plasmodium japonicum and P. juxtanucleare are two very similar species of avian malaria parasites. The former was discovered in domestic fowl in Japan, and the latter in the same host species in Brazil; it has since been found in chickens in Uruguay, Mexico, and Ceylon. The present study, based on a Ceylon strain of P. juxtanucleare and slides from the Bamboo Partridge (Bambusicola thoracica sonorivox) of Taiwan indicates that the latter host is a natural reservoir of P. juxtanucleare, since this species appears to differ in no significant way from P. japonicum. Infection is common in the Bamboo Partridge (5 of 26 birds showed it), but it has not so far been found in any other avian species, although a total of 973 birds, belonging to 17 orders, 45 families, 110 genera, and 183 species, have been examined from this area. Since the younger stages of Plasmodium nucleophilum look very much like similar stages of P. juxtanucleare, they are compared. The older stages however are usually easily distinguishable, and the former species is so far known only from non-gallinaceous birds whereas the latter appears to be limited to gallinaceous ones. 相似文献
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The breeding biology and management of three wild-caught adult Common trumpeters (one male and two females) was documented at the Woodland Park Zoological Gardens, Seattle, from April, 1984 to August, 1986. A total of 27 eggs were laid, and eight young survived to fledging. Both sexes exhibited crane-like dances during courtship, but the male appeared to perform these behaviors more frequently and with greater intensity than the females. Courtship feeding and allo-preening also occurred. Nests consisted of simple scrapes on the ground, but the birds had no opportunity to rest in trees or other elevated sites. Clutches contained two or three eggs, and the incubation period was aproximately 28 days. Although the breeding pair was generally aggressive toward the second female, all three adults participated in incubation and in caring for the young. Parental behavior consisted of brooding, allopreening, and feeding. The male preened and fed one chick significantly more often than either of the females. Trumpeter chicks were highly precocial, but grew relatively slowly, reaching 50% of adult weight by 45 to 50 days of age. Trumpeters are difficult to maintain and breed in captivity and appear to be susceptible to mycotic diseases, such as aspergillosis. Changes in the social composition of captive groups may result in improved breeding. 相似文献
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2000年3月至5月,在上海野生动物园人工饲养状态下对83只松鼠猴的行为时间分配进行了研究,以间隔20分钟用随机取样法记录松鼠猴的各种行为及其频次,通过211小时的观察研究表明,松鼠猴最主要的个体4行为有跑动,攀爬,取食,休息,嬉戏,它们分别占到日活动时间的13.55%,16.15%,24.46%,33.21%,8.18%,其次,成年雌、雄松鼠猴之间的挨近行为也占了松鼠猴日活动时间的4.46%,松鼠猴晨昏活动规律十分明显(F=12.575,P=0.00006),其活动行为(除去休息之外的所有其他行为)的高峰出现在5:00-6:00、15:00-16:00左右的两个时段,峰值分别为76.61%-76.79%,75.87%-83.59%,日活动时间从5:00至19:30左右,持续约860分钟。 相似文献