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1.
中国跗线螨科三新纪录神(蜱螨亚纲:真螨目)THREENEWLYRECORDEDSPECIESOFTARSONEMIDAEFROMCHINA(ACARI:ACARIFORMES)¥LINJian-zhen;ZHANGYan-xuan(Institute...  相似文献   

2.
江豚和白鳍豚雄性生殖系统的解剖学研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
王克雄  刘仁俊 《兽类学报》1998,18(1):68-70,59
江豚和白鳍豚雄性生殖系统的解剖学研究ONTHEANATOMYOFTHEMALEGENITALSYSTEMINTHEBAIJI(LIPOTESVEXILLIFER)ANDFINLESSPORPOISE(NEOPHOCAENAPHOCAENOIDES)...  相似文献   

3.
缺氧对培养的肺动脉内皮细胞血管紧张素Ⅱ分泌的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
缺氧是否通过影响血管内皮细胞的分泌功能而参与缺氧性肺动脉高压的发生尚不清楚。本实验动态观察了缺氧对培养的新生小牛内皮细胞(PAEC)的血管紧张素Ⅱ(ATⅡ)分泌的影响。结果发现:2.5%O2缺氧早期(1.5h),PAEC的ATⅡ分泌增加(P<0.01vs常氧组),缺氧后期与常氧组无明显差别;0%O2缺氧早期(1.5-6h),ATⅡ分泌明显降低(P<0.01vs常氧组及2.5%O2组),后期ATⅡ分泌明显增高(P<0.01vs常氧组及2.5%O2组);无论缺氧还是常氧条件下,NO供体SIN1显著抑制ATⅡ的分泌(P<0.01),而内源性NO抑制剂硝基精氨酸则明显促进ATⅡ分泌(P<0.01);0%O2缺氧24h后,PAEC细胞内cGMP含量明显降低(P<0.05)。上述结果表明缺氧可通过抑制PAEC的内源性NO产生而促进ATⅡ的分泌,PAEC自分泌的改变可能参与缺氧性肺动脉高压的发生过程。  相似文献   

4.
贺兰山划蝽科中国新纪录种记述NEWRECORDEDSPECIESOFCORIXIDAE(HEMIPTERA:CORIXIDAE)FROMHELANMOUNTAIN,CHINA¥Jorigtoo;Nonnaizab(DepartmentofBiolog...  相似文献   

5.
用浸泡法得到了(E160A)天花粉蛋白(trichosanthin, TCS),(E160D)TCS与Ade 和(E160A)TCS与FMP复合物的晶体.在Mar Research 面探测器系统上分别收集了0.20 nm ,0.19nm 和0.205 nm 分辨率的X 射线衍射数据,数据处理用Mar Scale 程序系统完成.用同晶差值Fourier法解析了(E160A)TCS-Ade,(E160D)TCS-Ade 和(E160A)TCS-FMP的晶体结构,结构修正利用X-PLOR程序,修正结果,晶体学R因子分别为0.166,0.176,0.179.键长和键角的RMS偏差分别为0.0010 nm 和2.503°,0.0013 nm 和2.665°,0.0012 nm 和2.676°.在这三个结构中均未见到Glu189侧链方向的改变.Ade 或FMP仍结合在N-糖苷酶活性口袋之中,它夹在Tyr70和Tyr111两个侧链环之间,与Tyr70环近乎平行.这一结果表明:TCS中的Glu160分别突变成Ala 和Asp,仍能与AMP发生N-糖苷酶反应,但是活性降低了一些.可见Glu160对TCS与AMP的作用是重要的,但不是必要的.  相似文献   

6.
Meylomonas sp.GYJ3菌的甲烷单加氧酶(MMO)粗酶提取液经DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B阴离子交换层析,Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤层析和DEAE-TSKgel HPLC分离纯化出MMO还原酶组分,经HPLC分析,纯度大于95%,纯化倍数为4.4,加入至MMO羟基化酶和调节蛋白B的体系中表现比活为228nmol环氧丙烷每分钟毫克蛋白,SDS-PAGE电泳表明的酶由  相似文献   

7.
利用fura-2/AM荧光方法和放射免疫方法分别研究了脉冲电场对11天和14天胚龄的悬浮鸡胚脑细胞内Ca2+和环腺苷酸(cAMP)含量的影响,并探讨了在脉冲电场作用下这两种信号物质变化的相关性。实验结果表明:当电激液中[Ca2+]为1mmol/L时,在宽度为100微秒.强度为0.5,1.0,2.0kV/cm的脉冲电场作用下,11天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞内钙离子浓度(以[Ca2+]i表示)与对照相比显著上升,其升高值随着脉冲强度的增加而增加,而细胞内cAMP含量与对照相比显著降低;用EGTA络合电激液中游离Ca2+以后,虽然细胞内[Ca2+]i显著上升,细胞内cAMP含量没有显著变化。14天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞内[Ca2+]i在脉冲电场作用下显著上升,而细胞内cAMP含量没有显著变化。脉冲电场对11天和14天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞膜和细胞内Ca2+库Ca2+转移系统的开放均有显著作用,此作用具有对脉冲强度的依赖性。为了解物理信号跨细胞膜传导的方式提供了初步的实验根据  相似文献   

8.
脉冲电场对鸡胚脑细胞Ca~(2+)和cAMP含量的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
利用fura-2/AM荧光方法和放射免疫方法分别研究了脉冲电场对11天和14天胚龄的悬浮鸡胚脑细胞内Ca2+和环腺苷酸(cAMP)含量的影响,并探讨了在脉冲电场作用下这两种信号物质变化的相关性。实验结果表明:当电激液中[Ca2+]为1mmol/L时,在宽度为100微秒.强度为0.5,1.0,2.0kV/cm的脉冲电场作用下,11天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞内钙离子浓度(以[Ca2+]i表示)与对照相比显著上升,其升高值随着脉冲强度的增加而增加,而细胞内cAMP含量与对照相比显著降低;用EGTA络合电激液中游离Ca2+以后,虽然细胞内[Ca2+]i显著上升,细胞内cAMP含量没有显著变化。14天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞内[Ca2+]i在脉冲电场作用下显著上升,而细胞内cAMP含量没有显著变化。脉冲电场对11天和14天胚龄的鸡胚脑细胞膜和细胞内Ca2+库Ca2+转移系统的开放均有显著作用,此作用具有对脉冲强度的依赖性。为了解物理信号跨细胞膜传导的方式提供了初步的实验根据  相似文献   

9.
新疆风毛菊属二新种沈观冕(中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所乌鲁木齐830011)TWONEWSPECIESOFSAUSSUREADC.(COMPOSITAE)FROMXINJIANG,CHINASHENKuanMian(XinjiangInstit...  相似文献   

10.
茉莉酸甲酯对花生幼苗各器官中碳水化合物含量影响的研究江月玲,潘瑞炽(广州师范学院生物系,广州510400)(华南师范大学生物系,广州510631)STUDIESOFTHEEFFECTOFMETHYJASMONATEONTHECARBOHYDRATEC...  相似文献   

11.
Abstract: Understanding the true metabolizable energy (TME) value of food is important for constructing bioenergetic models. We estimated gross energy, nutrient composition, and TME values for the seeds of 3 native and 1 invasive exotic wetland plant that occur in the diet of waterfowl. True metabolizable energy values were 0.50 ± 0.080 kcal/g for spike rush (Eleocharis palustris), 0.65 ± 0.080 kcal/g for alkali bulrush (Schoenoplectus maritimus), 1.31 ± 0.090 kcal/g for perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium), and 2.52 ± 0.080 kcal/g for lamb's quarters (Chenopodium album). The TME value for 3 of 4 species, including the invasive species, was low relative to the TME value of other seeds consumed by waterfowl.  相似文献   

12.
Cellulose residue (cellufiber) from an ammonium base acid sulphite paper process was accepted by dairy heifers to the extent of 40% of the dry matter of an all-roughage ration when mixed with maize (Zea mays) silage at time of feeding. No adverse physiological effects were observed during digestion trials lasting 80 days in which cattle were given successively diets containing 10, 20, 30 or 40% of the ration dry matter as cellufiber. Apparent digestibility of crude protein decreased and digestibility of crude fibre and acid detergent fibre increased as the cellufiber level in the ration increased. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter, nitrogen-free extract and gross energy were unaffected.Uniformity of values for total digestible nutrients, digestible energy and metabolizable energy and, also, of the body weight gains by the test animals indicated only small differences in nutritive value between rations. However, estimated nutritive values of ration components indicated appreciable differences. The TDN of cellufiber was 56% which was approximately equal to that of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) hay and was 82% of the value of maize silage. However, the digestible energy value of cellufiber (1.93 Mcal/kg DM) was only 77% of alfalfa hay and 69% of maize silage. Similarly, its metabolizable energe value of 1.41 Mcal/kg DM was 69% of that of alfalfa hay and 61% of that of maize silage.  相似文献   

13.
Para-rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed and its products were subjected to different methods of processing such as decortication, oil extraction, autoclaving and fermentation and assayed for their chemical composition and nutritional value. Peanut oil meal and yellow maize were also assayed similarly for comparison.

Decortication reduced the crude fibre content, with proportionate increases in other nutrients and energy value. Autoclaving and fermentation failed to improve the nutritional value of undecorticated rubber seed oil meal.

Crude protein content of rubber seed and its products ranged from 11.5% in rubber seeds to 27.4% in commercial decorticated rubber seed oil meal. The oil content of the rubber seeds and kernels was 24.0 and 40.1%, respectively. The available carbohydrate content of rubber seed and its products ranged from 6.3% in rubber seeds to 15.9% in commercial decorticated rubber seed oil meal; these values may be compared with the value of 59.0% for yellow maize.

Both undecorticated and decorticated rubber seed oil meals appeared to be deficient in sulphur-containing amino acids and lysine. The gross protein value of undecorticated and decorticated rubber seed oil meals and peanut oil meal was estimated to be 43.6, 47.0 and 49.7, respectively.

Both undecorticated and decorticated rubber seed oils were rich in oleic and stearic acids, but relatively poor in poly-unsaturated fatty acids, compared with peanut oil.

Determined apparent ME (AME) values were (kcal/g dry matter): rubber seeds, 2.91; kernels, 4.70; undecorticated rubber seed oil meal, 2.00; and decorticated rubber seed oil meal, 2.80. The true ME (TME) values were 3.24, 5.16, 2.22 and 3.00 kcal/g dry matter, respectively. In general, TME values were about 10% higher than the AME values.  相似文献   


14.
True metabolizable energy (TME) is a measure of avian dietary quality that accounts for metabolic fecal and endogenous urinary energy losses (EL) of non-dietary origin. The TME is calculated using a bird fed the test diet and an estimate of EL derived from another bird (Paired Bird Correction), the same bird (Self Correction), or several other birds (Group Mean Correction). We evaluated precision of these estimators by using each to calculate TME of three seed diets in blue-winged teal (Anas discors). The TME varied by <2% among estimators for all three diets, and Self Correction produced the least variable TMEs for each. The TME did not differ between estimators in nine paired comparisons within diets, but variation between estimators within individual birds was sufficient to be of practical consequence. Although differences in precision among methods were slight, Self Correction required the lowest sample size to achieve a given precision. Feeding trial methods that minimize variation among individuals have several desirable properties, including higher precision of TME estimates and more rigorous experimental control. Consequently, we believe that Self Correction is most likely to accurately represent nutritional value of food items and should be considered the standard method for TME feeding trials.  相似文献   

15.
Microbial protein from alkali-treated Leptochloa fusca (kaller grass) was produced by growing Cellulomonas biazoteain shake flasks and in an aerated 6-l fermentor. Single cell protein, produced in the fermentor contained 56.10 ± 4.64, 60.00 ± 5.04, 11.50 ± 1.34, 12.95 ± 1.24, 3.50 ± 0.24 and 1.00 ± 0.44 true protein, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, cellulose and RNA content respectively. Maximum values compared favourably with published data. The biomass contained all desired amino acids with isoleucine as limiting acid. The dried biomass showed a gross metabolizable energy value of 3500 kcal kg−1 and indicated that it might serve as energy as well as a protein source particularly when fed to poultry.  相似文献   

16.
The production of single-cell protein (SCP) based on cheap carbon sources such as spent liquor from paper mills is of interest for different reasons. The White-rot fungus (Sporotrichum pulverulentum) has earlier been shown to degrade cellulose and lignin. The nutritive value of this fungus was investigated with rats, pigs, and sheep. The effect of different drying process was evaluated on rats. Experiments with piglets, growing pigs, and sheep were aimed at getting primary information on nutritive parameters with domestic animal species, Chemical analysis of S. pulverulentum showed that the sum of the amino acids corresponded to 70% and ammonia, GABA, and glucosamine to 20% of its crude protein content. Differences between drying treatments in their effect on protein digestibility were not noted. From a protein quality viewpoint, a tendency toward superiority was noted for two of the drying processes. The amino acid digestibility of S. pulverulentum was inferior to values for soybean oil meal given in textbooks. The piglet experiment confirmed the lower nutritive value of S. pulverulentum compared with soybean oil meal. in the piglet stage a content of metabolizable energy of S. pulverulentum was found which corresponded to 60% of that for soybean oil meal. With increasing age the ability of pigs to utilize the fungus increased. The limited nutritive value for monogastric animals is most certainly caused by the cell-wall structure of S. pulverulentum with poor digestibility of the carbohydrates. The experiment with sheep showed more satisfactory results than with monogastric species, with digestibility of crude protein of 82% and a content of metabolizable energy of 70% of soybean oil meal.  相似文献   

17.
Effects of field beans with various tannin content and exogenous enzyme mixture containing tannase, pectinase and xylanase activities on N-corrected dietary apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn), coefficients of dry matter (DMR) and nitrogen retention (NR), fat digestibility, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, jejunal villus morphometry, ileal digesta viscosity and sialic acid were examined. Birds’ growth performance and energy conversion ratio (ECR) were also measured. Birds were fed one of eight mash diets. The Control diet contained as major ingredients wheat (400 g/kg) and soybean meal (SBM) (127 g/kg and 221 g crude protein/kg and 12.83 MJ AMEn/kg. To reduce nutrient density, the Control diet also contained washed sand at 119 g/kg. Another three diets containing 300 g/kg of each of three experimental field bean cultivar samples in replacement for SBM and sand were also mixed. Each diet was fed to nine pens with two male Ross 308 broilers. Diets high in tannin had low AMEn, ECR, DMR and NR (p < 0.001). Feeding field beans increased (p < 0.001) the weights of the pancreas and the proventriculus and gizzard (PG) of the birds. Supplementing diets with the enzyme mixture improved (p < 0.001) feed conversion efficiency, AMEn and all nutrient utilisation coefficients despite the tannins in diets. The enzyme mixture reduced ileal digesta viscosity (p < 0.001) and the weight of pancreas, total GIT and PG (p < 0.05) of the birds. It can be concluded that the feeding value of field beans with different tannin contents may vary when fed to broilers. The supplementation of the enzyme mixture improved the feeding value of diets for broilers. The beneficial effect of the addition of the enzyme mixture seems to be mediated through reduced ileal digesta viscosity and improved nutrient availability.  相似文献   

18.
The objective of the present study was to determine the composition and the nutritional value of parental and transgenic maize seeds fed to pigs. The parental maize line was genetically modified to incorporate a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) expressing a toxin against the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis). Both (parental and transgenic) maize lines were analyzed for crude nutrients, starch, sugar, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), amino acids, fatty acids, as well as for selected minerals. Furthermore, four complete diets were mixed and were analyzed for the same nutrients and some selected ingredients. The diets contained 70% maize to attain a high effect level. To evaluate the feeding value of one variety of genetically modified maize (transgenic) compared to the feeding value of the unmodified maize (parental) line, a balance study with twelve pigs was designed. Three collecting periods were used for each maize line each with six animals. The collected faeces were analyzed for crude nutrients. All measured parameters were virtually the same ( e.g. crude protein 11.59% vs. 11.06% in DM), especially the digestibility of crude protein (85.8 ± 2.3% vs. 86.1 ± 1.8%), the amount of nitrogen-free-extract (92.8 ± 0.6% vs. 93.2 ± 0.6%) and the metabolizable energy (15.7 ± 0.2% vs. 15.8 ± 0.2% MJ/kg DM) for both maize lines. Compared to the parental line, the chemical composition and digestibility of crude nutrients and energy content were not significantly affected by the genetic modification of maize. Therefore, from the view of a nutritional assessment, the genetically modified maize can be regarded as substantially equivalent to the parental maize line.  相似文献   

19.
Proximate nutrients, gross energy content, mineral, amino acid and fatty acid composition were determined for teleost, cephalopod and crustacean prey of the Hawaiian monk seal. Crude protein was highest in the octopus, Octopus cyanea (80.0%), crude fat was highest in the Muraenid teleost, Gymnothorax eurostus (14.1%), whereas crude ash was highest in the lobster, Panulirus marginatus (11.6%). Gross energies ranged from 4.0 +/- 0.01 kcal g-1 in the Labrid teleost Bodianus bilulunatus to 6.0 +/- 0.12 kcal g-1 in the moray eel, Gymnothorax undulatus. Essential amino acids occurred in lower concentrations as a percentage of the total amino acids (35.8 +/- 2.6%) than non-essential amino acids (64.2 +/- 2.6%), but the ratio of individual amino acids to total amino acid concentrations were similar to those required by some monogastric terrestrial species and fingerling salmon. The fatty acid concentrations varied widely among species (range = 1.2-16.5 mg 100 mg-1); however, the teleosts had higher total fatty acids than the non-teleosts. This study indicates that, from a nutritional standpoint, some prey may be more beneficial to the Hawaiian monk seal; however, these prey are not necessarily the most abundant or available to some populations of the monk seal.  相似文献   

20.
Microbial protein was produced from defatted rice polishings using Candida utilis in shake-flasks and a 14-l fermentor to optimize fermentation conditions before producing biomass in a 50-l fermentor. The organism supported maximum values of 0.224 h−1, 0.94, 1.35, 1.75, 2.12 g l−1 h−1, 0.62 g cells g−1 substrate utilized and 0.38 g g−1 for specific growth rate, true protein productivity, crude protein productivity, cell mass productivity, substrate consumption rate, cell yield, crude protein yield, respectively in 50-l fermentor studies using optimized cultural conditions. Maximum values compared favourably or were superior to published data in literature. The biomass protein in the 50-l fermentor contained 22.3, 27.8, 19.2, 9.5, 38.12, 8.5 and 0.27% true protein, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, carbon, cellulose and RNA content, respectively. The dried biomass showed a gross metabolizable energy value of 2678 kcal kg−1 and contained all essential and non-essential amino acids. Yeast biomass as animal feed may replace expensive feed ingredients currently being used in poultry feed and may improve the economics of feed produced in countries like Pakistan. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

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