组织工程的临床研究——组织工程连载之五

组织工程研究涉及的临床科室包括骨科、普外科、五官科、康复医学科、泌尿科、口腔颌面外科、神经外科、整形外科、胸外科、眼科、肝胆外科、血管外科;涉及的组织器官有:神经组织、肝脏组织、角膜组织、膀胱组织、血液、韧带、耳朵、生殖道、手、脂肪、乳房、心脏、肾脏、胰腺、管状组织(用于建造肠管、食管、气管、血管、肾和尿道等)等.其中皮肤组织、软骨组织、骨组织等的研究应用较为成熟.从最初工程化组织或器官的立项研究到最终批准临床应用,这是一个漫长的过程,需要众多不同学科的科研人员共同努力.随着基础研究和临床应用的深入发展,现代组织工程正在成为治疗组织、器官衰竭的有效疗法和辅助手段.     

《生物学杂志》征稿启事

1．《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,刊登动物、植物、微生物及其生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学、生物教学等方面的文章。主要栏目有：综述与专论、研究报告、开发与应用、技术方法、教学研究、科普及其它等。反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家自然科学基金资助的论文、获省级以上科研成果的论文将优先发表。 ,     

《生物学杂志》征稿简则

1、《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,主要刊登动物、植物、微生物及生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学等生命科学领域的学术论文以及大中专院校生物教学等方面的经验介绍。主要栏目有:研究报告、综述与专论、技术方法、教学研究等。对反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家级自然科学基金资助的论文、获省、部级以上资助项目的科研成果论文将优先发表。2、来稿要求文字简练、论点明确、数据可靠、图表     

关于《微生物学通报》专题刊申请的通知

<正>当前,随着生物技术的飞速发展,微生物学涵盖的领域越来越广,交叉学科的研究也越来越受到关注。除了已有的微生物学、病毒学、基因工程、细胞工程、酶工程、发酵工程之外,基因组学、代谢工程、纳米科学、生物炼制、生物     

《生物学杂志》征稿简则

1、《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,主要刊登动物、植物、微生物及生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学等生命科学领域的学术论文以及大中专院校生物教学等方面的经验介绍。主要栏目有：研究报告、综述与专论、技术方法、教学研究等。对反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家级自然科学基金资助的论文、获省、部级以上资助项目的科研成果论文将优先发表。     

《生物学杂志》征稿简则

1、《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,主要刊登动物、植物、微生物及生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学等生命科学领域的学术论文以及大中专院校生物教学等方面的经验介绍。主要栏目有：研究报告、综述与专论、技术方法、教学研究等。对反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家级自然科学基金资助的论文、获省、部级以上资助项目的科研成果论文将优先发表。     

《生物学杂志》征稿简则

1、《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,主要刊登动物、植物、微生物及生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学等生命科学领域的学术论文以及大中专院校生物教学等方面的经验介绍。主要栏目有：研究报告、综述与专论、技术方法、教学研究等。对反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家级自然科学基金资助的论文、获省、部级以上资助项目的科研成果论文将优先发表。     

《生物学杂志》征稿简则

1、《生物学杂志》是生命科学的综合性学术期刊,主要刊登动物、植物、微生物及生理、生化、遗传、生物技术、生物工程、分子生物学等生命科学领域的学术论文以及大中专院校生物教学等方面的经验介绍。主要栏目有：研究报告、综述与专论、技术方法、教学研究等。对反映国内外最新研究成果的论文、国家级自然科学基金资助的论文、获省、部级以上资助项目的科研成果论文将优先发表。     

自然保护区生态旅游对野生动物的影响

目前中国的很多自然保护区开展了生态旅游,但这类活动对野生动物的影响研究却十分薄弱,因此十分有必要在介绍欧美、澳洲学者的研究进展基础上,针对我国的研究现状,提出该领域的研究方向、监测和管理策略.自然保护区的生态旅游活动主要有野生动物观赏、徒步行走、摄影、野外宿营、山地车或雪地车、电动或机动艇游湖、溪涧漂流、环境教育、社区访问等,旅游活动类型、范围、强度、时空分布等是影响对野生动物干扰大小的主要因素.生态旅游对野生动物的影响包括直接影响(个体的行为反应和生理指标改变、繁殖力降低、种群分布和物种组成的改变等)和间接影响(生境破坏、外来种散布和环境污染等).国外生态旅游对鸟类的影响研究较多,主要集中鸟类的惊飞反应、取食、能量消耗、繁殖等方面;对兽类影响的研究主要集中在行为、生理指标改变、种群数量等方面.我国未来的研究应注重收集基础性研究数据和深入探讨一些理论与应用问题,要运用多种技术手段对自然保护区野生动物的行为、生理、种群动态、物种多样性、生境质量、游客的时空分布、态度和行为等进行长期监测,而后将其结果应用到野生动物、生境以及游客的管理决策中去.另外,研究中应重视自然科学和社会科学的多学科交叉融合.     

中国遗传学会第九届全国激光生物学学术会议纪要

中国遗传学会主办的“第九届全国激光生物学学术会议”,在中国海洋大学信息科学与工程学院的精心筹备下,于2005年7月31日至8月5日在中国海洋大学学术交流中心隆重举行. 来自北京、天津、上海、重庆、广东、福建、湖北、湖南、广西、浙江、江苏、安徽、河北、河南、山东、辽宁、四川、陕西等省市、自治区和新加坡南洋理工大学的105名代表出席了学术会议。会议收到论文80篇。本届学术会议的主题是“激光生物科学的发展和应用”。     

Lanthanide ions are agonists of transient gene expression in rice protoplasts and act in synergy with ABA to increase Em gene expression

Previous work has shown that in rice suspension cells, NaCl at 0.4 M can induce Em gene expression and act synergistically with ABA, possibly by potentiating the ABA response pathway through a rate-limiting intermediate (R.M. Bostock and R.S. Quatrano (1992) Plant Physiol., 98, 1356–1363). Since calcium is an intermediate in ABA regulation of stomatal closure, we tested the effect of calcium changes on ABA-inducible Em gene expression in transiently transformed rice protoplasts. We show that calcium is required for ABA-inducible Em-GUS expression and can act in synergy with ABA. The trivalent ions lanthanum, gadolinium, and aluminum, which are known to interact with calcium- and other signaling pathways, can act at sub-millimolar concentrations to increase GUS reporter gene expression driven by several promoters in transiently transformed rice protoplasts. This effect is not specific for the ABA-inducible Em promoter, but is synergistic with ABA. The lanthanum synergy with ABA does not require calcium. In rice suspension cells, lanthanum alone does not induce Em gene expression, in contrast to transiently transformed protoplasts, yet can act synergistically with ABA to effectively increase the sensitivity to ABA greater than tenfold. Trivalent ions may be a useful tool to study the regulation of gene expression. The possible effects of trivalent ions on ABA signal transduction and gene expression are discussed.     

Flow cytometry and surface plasmon resonance analyses demonstrate that the monoclonal antibody JIM19 interacts with a rice cell surface component involved in abscisic acid signalling in protoplasts.

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone involved in many developmental and physiological processes, but as yet, no ABA receptor has been identified. Flow cytometry of rice protoplasts and immunoblotting of purified plasma membranes (PMs) have been used to demonstrate that the monoclonal antibody JIM19 recognizes carbohydrate epitopes of cell surface glycoproteins. Using surface plasmon resonance technology specific binding of PMs to JIM19 was observed. Such interaction was antagonized significantly by ABA, but not by the biologically inactive ABA catabolite phaseic acid. These in vitro interactions were correlated with the biological activities of JIM19, ABA and phaseic acid on activation of the ABA-inducible Em promoter using two different transient reporter gene assays, beta-glucuronidase/luciferase and quantitative flow cytometry of Aequoria green fluorescent protein. Pre-treatment with JIM19 resulted in significant inhibition of ABA-inducible gene expression. Taken together, these data suggest that JIM19 interacts with a functional PM complex involved in ABA signalling.     

A carrot G-box binding factor-type basic region/leucine zipper factor DcBZ1 is involved in abscisic acid signal transduction in somatic embryogenesis.

Carrot (Daucus carota) somatic embryogenesis has been extensively used as an experimental system for studying embryogenesis. In maturing zygotic embryos, abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in acquisition of desiccation tolerance and dormancy. On the other hand, somatic embryos contain low levels of endogenous ABA and show desiccation intolerance and lack dormancy, but tolerance and dormancy can be induced by exogenous application of ABA. In ABA-treated carrot embryos, some ABA-inducible genes are expressed. We isolated the Daucus carota bZIP1 (DcBZ1) gene encoding a G-box binding factor-type basic region/leucine zipper (GBF-type bZIP) factor from carrot somatic embryos. The expression of DcBZ1 was detected in embryogenic cells, non-embryogenic cells, somatic embryos, developing seeds, seedlings, and true leaves. Notably, higher expression was detected in embryogenic cells, true leaves, and seedlings. The expression of DcBZ1 increased in seedlings and true leaves after ABA treatment, whereas expression was not affected by differences in light conditions. During the development of zygotic and somatic embryos, increased expression of DcBZ1 was commonly detected in the later phase of development. The recombinant DcBZ1 protein showed specific binding activity to the two ABA-responsive element-like motifs (motif X and motif Y) in the promoter region of the carrot ABA-inducible gene according to results from an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Our findings suggest that the carrot GBF-type bZIP factor, DcBZ1, is involved in ABA signal transduction in embryogenesis and other vegetative tissues.     

Evaluation of the stress-inducible production of choline oxidase in transgenic rice as a strategy for producing the stress-protectant glycine betaine

Glycine betaine (GB) is a compatible solute that is also capable of stabilizing the structure and function of macromolecules. Several GB-producing transgenic rice lines were generated in which the Arthrobacter pascens choline oxidase (COX) gene, fused to a chloroplast targeting sequence (TP) was expressed under the control of an ABA-inducible promoter (SIP; stress-inducible promoter) or a ubiquitin (UBI) gene promoter that is considered to be constitutive. This comparison led to interesting observations that suggest complex regulation with respect to GB synthesis and plant growth response under stress. In spite of the use of the well-studied stress-inducible promoter, the highest level of GB accumulation (up to 2.60 micromol g(-1) DW) in the SIP lines grown under saline conditions was not as high as in the UBI lines (up to 3.12 micromol g(-1) DW). Therefore, the use of an ABA-inducible promoter was not more beneficial for de novo production of GB. Interestingly, saline growth conditions enhanced GB accumulation by up to 89% in the SIP lines, whereas up to 44% increase was seen in a UBI line. In all these cases the GB levels were many-fold below the range reported for plant species that produce GB naturally. In spite of lower GB concentrations, statistically greater levels of stress tolerance were found in SIP lines than in UBI lines, suggesting that the stress protection observed in SIP plants cannot be totally explained by the increase in the GB content.     

cDNA encoding a wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring) glycine-rich RNA-binding protein

A wheat cDNA encoding a glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, whGRP-1, was isolated. WhGRP-1 contains two conserved domains, the RNA-binding motif (RNP motif) combined with a series of glycine-rich imperfect repeats, characteristic of a conserved family of plant RNA-binding proteins. Northern analysis revealed that whGRP-1 mRNA accumulates to high levels in roots and to lower levels in leaves of wheat seedlings. whGRP-1 mRNA accumulation is not enhanced by exogenous abscisic acid in seedlings and accumulates to very high levels during wheat embryo development, showing a pattern different from that of the ABA-inducible wheat Em gene.