手法复位石膏外固定联合活血止痛汤治疗骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的临床观察

目的探讨手法复位石膏外固定联合活血止痛汤治疗骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法选取我院门诊及病房收治的125例骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折患者为研究对象,按照治疗方法不同分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予手法复位石膏外固定联合活血止痛汤治疗,对照组给予手术治疗及常规术后处理,观察比较两组腕关节功能恢复情况以及骨折愈合时间、住院时间、消肿时间。结果观察组骨折愈合时间、住院时间、消肿时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的腕关节Gartland-Werley评分比较,观察组略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论手法复位石膏外固定联合活血止痛汤用于骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折患者较手术方法更安全有效,值得进一步推广。     

两种方法治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效比较研究

目的:比较采用T形钢板内固定和闭合复位石膏外固定这两种方法治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效研究。方法:选取我院2008年3月至2011年12月间的76例桡骨远端骨折患者,并按照治疗方法不同分为2组,41例患者进行T形钢板内固定,其余35例患者进行复位后石膏外固定。并借助X线对比分析桡骨远端骨折复位前后及临床愈合时桡骨腕关节的掌倾角、尺偏角及桡骨轴向缩短长度变化等数据,并根据改良的Shea评定法对临床疗效进行比较。结果:针对桡骨远端不稳定型骨折的患者,T形钢板内固定组的优良率要优于石膏外固定组的疗效(P<0.05);而对于稳定性桡骨远端骨折的患者,两组之间的优良率没有明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:对于桡骨远端不稳定骨折的患者,应优先选择T形钢板内固定手术方法,而对于稳定性骨折患者这两种治疗方法均可采用。     

手法复位石膏外固定与切开复位钢板内固定对骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折患者腕关节功能和生活质量的影响

目的:比较手法复位石膏外固定与切开复位钢板内固定对骨质疏松性桡骨远端骨折(RDOF)患者腕关节功能和生活质量的影响。方法:按照随机数字表法将2015年6月至2017年6月我院收治的76例RDOF患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各38例。对照组给予手法复位石膏外固定治疗,观察组给予切开复位钢板内固定治疗,比较两组治疗效果、骨折愈合时间、腕关节功能恢复情况、生活质量改善情况及并发症发生情况。结果:观察组患者治疗优良率高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后1个月,观察组关节背伸、关节曲度高于对照组(P0.05),治疗后3个月比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后1个月、3个月观察组掌倾角、尺偏角、握力、桡骨高度均高于对照组,尺骨移位低于对照组,另外,观察组骨折愈合时间短于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者治疗后3个月的躯体健康、躯体角色功能、疼痛、心理功能、情绪角色功能、活力、社会功能、总体健康评分均高于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者并发症总发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:切开复位钢板内固定治疗RDOF疗效优于手法复位石膏外固定,可有效改善患者腕关节功能和生活质量,并发症较少。     

T型锁定接骨板治疗老年桡骨远端不稳定性骨折的临床疗效

目的:探讨老年桡骨远端不稳定性骨折采用桡骨远端T型锁定接骨板治疗的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择2013年7月-2015年4月在我院接受治疗的老年桡骨远端不稳定性骨折患者80例,根据手术方式不同分为观察组和对照组。观察组患者采用桡骨远端T型锁定接骨板治疗,对照组采用外固定支架治疗。观察并比较两组患者的临床疗效及手术安全性。结果:观察组骨性愈合时间少于对照组,掌倾角及尺偏角大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组治疗后腕关节功能优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.048)。观察组患者腕关节慢性疼痛、骨折感染的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:桡骨远端T型锁定接骨板治疗老年桡骨远端不稳定性骨折具有复位效果好、创伤小且安全性高的特点,有一定的临床推广价值。     

切开复位钢板内固定及闭合复位外固定架固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折患者的比较研究

目的:比较切开复位钢板内固定及闭合复位外固定架固定治疗不稳定型桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效,为临床治疗方式的选择提供参考。方法:选择2014年1月至2016年1月间于我院骨科就诊的桡骨远端骨折患者102例作为研究对象。按患者的治疗方式分为内固定组(n=52)和外固定组(n=50)。内固定组患者采用切开复位钢板内固定进行治疗,外固定组患者采用闭合复位外固定架固定进行治疗。术后3个月及术后1年通过影像学测量两组患者的关节面台阶、掌倾角和尺偏角,同时测量患者腕部功能情况。随访1年,比较两组患者疗效,并观察患者并发症发生情况。结果:术后3个月及术后1年,内固定组患者关节面台阶、掌倾角和尺偏角均低于外固定组患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3个月,内固定组的旋前旋后活动度、屈伸活动度、桡尺偏活动度、捏力、握力均明显高于外固定组(P0.05),但两组的上述指标在术后1年比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。内固定组患者治疗有效率为86.54%,外固定组患者治疗有效率为86.00%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。内固定组并发症发生率为15.38%,外固定组并发症发生率为18.00%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:与闭合复位外固定架固定相比,切开复位钢板内固定治疗对患者关节面台阶、掌倾角和尺偏角的恢复效果较好,同时患者能及早进行腕部功能锻炼,近期疗效更加明显。     

闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的临床观察

目的:探讨闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的-陆床疗效.方法:采用闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折患者45例,所有病例均在c型臂X线机透视下,行闭合复位,复位满意后开始行经皮穿针内固定,石膏外固定.结果:术后随访3～36个月,平均16.3个月,腕关节功能按Sarmiento标准评定,本组45例中,优23例,良15例,可5例,差2例.结论:经皮穿针内固定具有操作简单、创伤小的优点,是一种实用的微创手术.     

桡骨远端C型骨折行外固定支架与锁定钢板内固定的差异分析

目的:观察比较桡骨远端C型骨折的外固定支架和锁定钢板的内固定两种治疗方法的临床应用效果。方法:选择2014年1月~2016年1月本院收治的82例桡骨远端C型骨折患者进行本研究,将入选患者随机分为观察组(n=41)和对照组(n=41)。观察组患者行外固定支架治疗,对照组患者采用锁定钢板内固定治疗。对两组患者的手术进行情况进行比较分析,主要评价指标有手术进行时间、手术出血量、术后的住院时间、患者的骨折愈合时间。同时对两组患者在手术完成后出现的并发症的种类和发生率进行统计对比,并且对两组患者出院后进行为期12个月的随访,比较两组患者的掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度进行对比观察。结果:(1)观察组患者的在手术进行情况方面要优于对照组,具体为表现为手术进行时间、患者住院时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间低于对照组患者,有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)观察组患者术后并发症发生率为4.88%(2/41),对照组则为24.39%(10/41),两组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)随访过程中两组患者的掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度比较差异无统计学意义,提示两组患者术后恢复效果相似。结论:外固定支架与锁定钢板内固定均能治疗桡骨远端C型骨折,骨折愈合和腕关节功能恢复良好,但外固定支架治疗的创伤性更小,术后恢复快,并发症发生率低,在临床上有更高的应用价值。     

闭合复位与切开复位治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效对比

目的:探讨闭合复位与切开复位对桡骨远端骨折患者的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2013年6月至2014年3月我院收治的60例桡骨远端骨折患者,随机数字表法分为切开复位组和闭合复位组,每组30例。闭合复位组患者给予闭合复位小夹板或石膏固定治疗,切开复位组患者给予切开复位内固定术治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后掌倾角、尺偏角以及桡骨长度、术中出血量和手术时间,骨折愈合时间以及患者临床疗效进行检测并比较。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后患者的掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨长度水平均升高(P0.05);与闭合复位组相比,切开复位组患者掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨长度评分水平较高(P0.05),术中出血量、手术时间水平较高(P0.05),临床治疗的优良率较高(P0.05),两组患者的骨折愈合时间无显著差异(P0.05)。结论:与闭合复位相比,切开复位能够明显恢复桡骨远端骨折患者的掌倾角、尺偏角以及桡骨长度,但手术时间以及术中出血量较多,临床疗效较好,两组患者的骨折愈合时间无明显差异。     

切开复位钢板内固定与外固定器治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效

目的:探讨比较复位钢板内固定与外固定器治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者的的临床效果研究。方法:回顾性选取2013年2月-2017年4月于医院骨科诊治的桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者62例,随机分为两组,对照组有30例患者采用外固定器治疗;研究组32例患者采取切开复位钢板内固定治疗。统计分析两组患者的骨性愈合时间、掌倾角度、尺偏角度、及关节面恢复情况,在治疗3个月后比较两组患者的腕关节屈曲度、背伸度、侥偏活动度及腕关节功能Robbins评分。结果:(1)研究组患者的骨性愈合时间、掌倾角度、尺偏角度、桡偏角度明显高于对照组患者(P0.05);(2)研究组患者的腕关节屈曲度、背伸度、侥偏活动度及腕关节功能Robbins评分明显优于对照组患者(P均0.05)。结论:切开复位钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折患者,明显比外固定器治疗有效缩短骨性愈合时间,利于早期恢复患者腕关节的活动能力,是一种具有安全性较高、治愈效果理想的骨折治疗方式。     

微创经皮钢板接骨术与Henry入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效观察

目的:研究微创经皮钢板接骨术与Henry入路钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效。方法:选取2013年2月到2014年2月我院收治的桡骨远端骨折患者86例,按照随机数字表法将患者分为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,每组43例,Ⅰ组患者给予微创经皮钢板接骨术治疗,Ⅱ组患者给予Henry入路钢板内固定治疗,术后随访患者1年,比较两组临床疗效。结果:Ⅰ组手术时间、术中出血量显著优于Ⅱ组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);Ⅰ组术后1年DASH评分显著优于Ⅱ组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组并发症比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:微创经皮钢板接骨术治疗桡骨远端骨折具有较好的临床疗效,能缩短手术时间、降低术中出血量,改善患者上肢功能。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

Interconnection of parameters of regulation system of lipid peroxidation and of morphophysiological parameters of mouse liver

A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Physiological characteristics of various species of strains of carboxydobacteria

Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H₂-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H₂ with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD⁺, FMN⁺, and NAD(P)⁺ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H₂OCO₂+2H⁺+2e^- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation     

Modulation of allostery of pyruvate kinase by shifting of an ensemble of microstates

Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)₈ barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)₈ structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive E^T and active E^R. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive E^T and active E^R represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.