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1.
催乳素受体基因的研究进展   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
牟玉莲  孙少华  储明星 《遗传》2002,24(3):363-366
本文介绍催乳素受体的结构,催乳素受体基因的发育性表达及作用,催乳素受体基因的作用机理与分子调控,催乳素受体基因的定位以及其与繁殖性状的关系等。提示催乳素受体基因可作为繁殖性状的一个候选基因。 Abstract:This review introduced the structure of prolactin receptor,the developmental expression and function,action mechanism and molecular regulation,mapping of prolactin receptor gene and its relationship with reproductive traits.These revealed that prolactin receptor gene could be used as a candidate gene for reproductive traits.  相似文献   

2.
猪Mu阿片受体基因单核苷酸多态性分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
李剑虹  王宇  崔卫国  包军 《遗传》2004,26(1):45-49
Mu阿片受体(简称MOR)属于G蛋白藕联受体,分布在痛觉传导区,以及与情绪和行为有关的区域,影响动物的神经反应和行为表现。该研究以长白猪、大白猪和杜洛克猪为试验材料, 用8对引物对Mu阿片受体基因的5′ UTR区域、整个编码区和3′ UTR区域用PCR-SSCP方法进行了扫描,发现5处突变基因座(GenBank登录号:AF521309)。统计结果发现基因型频率分布与品种有关,大白猪突变基因型频率显著高于长白和杜洛克,本研究推测分布上的差异可能是由于长期的选择压力造成的。 Abstract:Mu opioid receptor (MOR) is a member of G protein-coupled receptor family,distributed in the pain transduction region in the brain and related to emotion and behaviour.This study was designed to investigate the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of Mu opioid receptor gene in various breeds,including duroc,landrace and Yorkshire.5′ UTR ( untranslate region),coding region and 3′ UTR of Mu opioid receptor gene were amplified by eight pairs of primers,and the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) were detected by SSCP.Five polymorphisms were found (Genebank Accession number:AF521309).The results of χ2 test showed that the frequencies of genotypes in different breeds were significantly different (P<0.01).The frequencies of mutation genotypes in Yorkshire were significantly higher than Duroc and Landrace.According to the above results,we can speculate the difference of the frequencies of genotypes may be the results of long term choice pressure.  相似文献   

3.
PCR-RFLP检测LDL受体基因TaqⅠ多态性位点的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增人类LDL受体基因外显子4-内含子4-外显子5片段,PCR产物为1.55kb,DNA片段经序列鉴定后,进行TaqI酶切位点的RFLP分析。结果显示:中国汉族人群LDL受体基因中存在着TaqⅠ酶切位点多态性; 200个LDL受体等位基因中TaqⅠ酶切位点出现的频率为0.515,该点频率较为适中, 可作为中国汉族人群LDL受体基 因的遗传标志来进行家族性高胆固醇血症(FH)的基因诊断。所建立起的LDL受体基因TaqⅠ位点的PCR -RFLP方法具有快速、简便的特点,在FH的基因诊断上有应用价值。 Abstract:To develop rapid and sensitive technique for detectin the TaqI polymorphism at the human LDL receptor gene in Chinese,the exon4-intron4-exon5 of the human LDL receptor gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The PCR products were directly analysed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP).The results showed that the TaqI polymorphism is associated with the LDL receptor gene in Chinese of Han nationality;The frequency of T= allele (presence of TaqI cutting site)is 0.515 in 200 LDL receptor alleles.This technique may be used for rapid and sensitive screening of the LDL receptor gene for the TaqI polymorphism.  相似文献   

4.
PSA启动子结构和表达调控研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
王健  周建光  黄翠芬 《遗传》2004,26(5):739-744
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5.
猪雌激素受体基因Pvu II多态性与产仔数性状的关系   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6  
柳淑芳  杜立新  闫艳春 《遗传》2002,24(3):267-270
雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ESR)能调控雌激素的合成,影响繁殖功能。将ESR基因作为控制猪产仔数的候选基因,分析其Pvu II多态性与高产猪种莱芜猪和国外引进猪种长白猪产仔数的关系。序列分析发现,PCR扩增区56bp的Pvu II酶切片段位于RFLP分析获得的37kb正向序列的起始部分。因ESR基因在高产仔数的莱芜猪中的Pvu II多态性分布不能证实B基因为优势基因,故推测37kb条带对该猪种产仔数可能不起决定作用。 Abstract:Estrogen receptor (ESR) can regulate the synthesis of oestrogen and affect the reproduction of swine.The relationship between PvuII polymorphisms at estrogen receptor gene and litter size was analyzed in Laiwu breed and Landrace breed by candidate gene method.The results were shown that 56bp of PvuII polymorphisms was the same as the beginning sequence of 37kb of RFLP.The distribution of PvuII polymorphisms also could not prove that B gene was a superior gene,and there was no decisive effect of 37kb band on litter size in pigs.  相似文献   

6.
黑素皮质素受体对动物采食量和能量稳态的调控   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5  
蒋思文  彭健  熊远著 《遗传》2002,24(2):223-226
黑素皮质素受体是G-蛋白耦联受体超家族成员。5个黑素皮质素受体基因已经被克隆和鉴定,并有不同的组织分布和生物学功能。本文综述了黑素皮质素受体3和受体4基因调控采食量和能量稳态的研究进展。 Abstract:The melanocortin receptors are members of the super-family of G-protein coupled receptors.To date,five melanocortin receptor genes (MC1R-MC5R) have been cloned and characterized.These receptorsdiffer in their tissue distributions and physiological roles.This review focuses on the roles of MC3R and MC4R in regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis.  相似文献   

7.
在研究5-羟色胺2A受体基因多态性与精神分裂症的关联分析中,调查了20 2例精神分裂症患者及202例正常对照。各相匹配组间比较未发现基因型和等位基因频率的显著性差异。结果提示,在中国人群中5-羟色胺2A受体的静态T102C突变与精神分裂症之间不存在关联。 Abstract:Association study between in the T102C polymorphism serotonin 2A receptor gene and schizoprenia was performed in 202 schizophrenics and 202 normal controls.No significant differences of genotype and allele frequencies between the matched groups were found.Our results,which are different from some other studies,excluded the association between a silent T102C change and schizophrenia in the Chinese population.  相似文献   

8.
黑素皮质激素受体1(MC1R)基因与猪的毛色   总被引:6,自引:4,他引:2  
邓素华  黄路生  高军  任军  陈克飞 《遗传》2001,23(1):89-92
猪的真黑色素与褐黑色素的合成量与分布主要受控于黑素皮质激素受体1基因。本文综述了该基因的定位、突变与多态检测,黑素皮质激素受体的作用机制,提出了对黑素皮质激素受体1基因进一步研究的看法。 Abstract:The amount and distribution of eumelanin and phaeomelanin are mainly controlled by Melanocortin Receptor 1 gene.The location、mutation and polymorphism testing of Melanocortin Receptor 1 gene and mechanism of Melanocortin Receptor 1 in pigs are discussed in the paper.The further research about the gene is also suggested.  相似文献   

9.
苯丙酮尿症分子遗传学研究进展   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
张誌  何蕴韶 《遗传》2004,26(5):729-734
苯丙酮尿症是由于苯丙氨酸羟化酶基因突变引起的常染色体隐性遗传病。文章综述了苯丙酮尿症中的苯丙氨酸羟化酶基因的定位、结构、突变、调控以及突变基因的体外表达和苯丙氨酸羟化酶的三维结构特点等分子遗传学进展,阐述了苯丙氨酸羟化酶基因的突变对苯丙氨酸羟化酶的体外表达及其三维结构的影响, 以及部分基因型与表型相关的分子机制。 Abstract: Phenylketonuria(PKU) is one kinds of autusomal recessive disease caused by phenylalanine hydroxylase(PAH) gene mutation. This article reviews the recent molecular heredity progress on the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene’s orientation、structureand gene mutation and gene regulation. At same time, mutation gene in vitro expression and the character of 3D structure of PAH in PKU are involved. In this paper, also discussed the inflence of vitro expression and 3D protein structure by gene mutations and the molecular mechanism of the relationship between genotype and phenotype in PKU patient.  相似文献   

10.
Leucine‐rich repeat(LRR) receptor‐like kinases(RLKs), evolutionarily related LRR receptor‐like proteins(RLPs) and receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinases(RLCKs) have important roles in plant signaling, and their gene subfamilies are large with a complicated history of gene duplication and loss. In three pairs of closely related lineages, including Arabidopsis thaliana and A. lyrata(Arabidopsis), Lotus japonicus,and Medicago truncatula(Legumes), Oryza sativa ssp. japonica,and O. sativa ssp. indica(Rice), we find that LRR RLKs comprise the largest group of these LRR‐related subfamilies, while the related RLCKs represent the smallest group. In addition,comparison of orthologs indicates a high frequency of reciprocal gene loss of the LRR RLK/LRR RLP/RLCK subfamilies.Furthermore, pairwise comparisons show that reciprocal gene loss is often associated with lineage‐specific duplication(s) in the alternative lineage. Last, analysis of genes in A. thaliana involved in development revealed that most are highly conserved orthologs without species‐specific duplication in the two Arabidopsis species and originated from older Arabidopsis‐specific or rosid‐specific duplications. We discuss potential pitfalls related to functional prediction for genes that have undergone frequent turnover(duplications, losses, and domain architecture changes), and conclude that prediction based on phylogenetic relationships will likely outperform that based on sequence similarity alone.  相似文献   

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12.
褪黑素受体   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
褪黑素是松果体分泌的主要激素,其功能活动通过特异的G蛋白耦联受体介导,本文综述褪黑素受体 分布、药理学特性,受体的克隆及受体基因结构特点。  相似文献   

13.
In this study, we examined differences among the gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), kisspeptin 1 (Kiss1), Kiss 1 receptor (G-protein-coupled receptor 54; GPR54), melatonin receptor 1 (MT1), and melatonin levels in brain cells of goldfish Carassius auratus exposed to white fluorescent light and three light-emitting diode (LED) wavelength and melatonin treatments in the culture medium. In the green and blue LED treatment groups, GnIH and MT1 mRNA expression levels were significantly lower than in the other groups; conversely, levels significantly increased in the melatonin treatment groups. Additionally, expression levels of Kiss1 and its receptor, GPR54, in the white fluorescent and red LED light groups were significantly lower than the other groups, but levels also significantly decreased in the melatonin treatment groups. These results suggest that white fluorescent and red wavelengths downregulate the production of neurohormones in the brains of C. auratus and thus may inhibit sexual maturation in goldfish.  相似文献   

14.
Melatonin modulates immune function through its membrane-bound MT1 and MT2 receptors in mammalian system. Adrenal glucocorticoid, an important metabolic hormone is known as a immuno-compromising agent. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dexamethasone on melatonin receptor proteins in spleen tissue and anti-klh-IgG response in Swiss albino mice. Melatonin treatment increased the MT1 and MT2 receptor proteins and anti-klh-IgG than control mice. Dexamethasone treatment increased MT2 receptor protein and anti-klh-IgG than melatonin-treated group. Dexamethasone treatment to melatonin-treated mice showed additive effects and maximally increased the anti-klh-IgG than other experimental groups. A decrease in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein was noted in melatonin treated as well as dexamethasone-treated mice. Dexamethasone significantly increased MT2 melatonin receptor protein in spleen and anti-klh-IgG and additively increased anti-klh-IgG when supplemented along with melatonin. Therefore, the present study may suggest that dexamethasone increased humoral immune response permissively by enhancing MT2 receptor expression in splenic tissue of mice.  相似文献   

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The recent cloning of three distinct melatonin receptor subtypes (Mel1a, Mel1b and Mel1c) which are part of a new family of G-protein coupled receptors, and probably mediate the physiological actions of the hormone, has spurred interest in the design of analogues with subtype selectivity. The 5-methoxyl and N-acetyl groups of melatonin are important for binding to and activation of the receptor. The indole nucleus serves to hold these two groups at the correct distance from one another and allows them to adopt the required orientation for interaction with the receptor binding pocket. We have investigated the subtype selectivity of a number of analogues of melatonin in which the structure has systematically been modified in order to probe the similarities and differences in the interaction of ligand and receptor subtype. At all three subtypes 5-methoxyl and N-acetyl groups of melatonin are important for high affinity binding. However, replacing the 5-methoxyl group (eg with 5-H, 5-OH, 5-Me or 5-BzO) reduces affinity much less at the Mel1b receptor subtype than at either Mel1a or Mel1c cloned subtypes. This suggests differences between the Mel1b and Mel 1a/1c subtypes in the size and shape of the binding pocket or in the manner in which melatonin interacts with the receptor at this position. Further studies have revealed that analogues with longer N-acyl carbon chains behave similarly at each subtype. These observations suggest that the ‘pocket’ into which the N-acetyl group fits is very similar for each subtype. Substitutions at the 2-position on the indole ring improved affinity at each receptor subtype but did not give selective analogues. The systematic ‘mapping’ of the requirements for binding at each receptor subtype should allow the design of more selective agonists and antagonists, which will be valuable tools for the characterization and classification of functional melatonin receptors.  相似文献   

17.
Previously, it has been shown that chronic melatonin exposure in MT1-CHO cells results in receptor desensitization while at the same time producing drastic morphological changes. The addition of a depolymerizing agent during the melatonin pretreatment period prevents MT1 receptor desensitization and the changes in cellular morphology. The lack of morphological change in the presence of a depolymerizing agent is easily explained by the inability of the microtubules to polymerize, however, the prevention of receptor desensitization is a little more complex and may involve G-protein activation. The goal of this study was to determine whether melatonin-induced MT1 receptor desensitization is regulated by proteins known to regulate G-protein activation states, beta-tubulin and RGS4,using anti sense knockdown approaches. The expression of RGS4 mRNA in CHO cells was confirmed using RT PCR and successful knockdown of each was confirmed by western blot analysis or quantitative PCR. Pretreatment of MT1-CHO cells, transfected with the nonsense probes and exposed to melatonin, resulted in a desensitization of the receptor, an increase in forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation, an increase in 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding and no change in the affinity of melatonin for the MT1 receptor. However, knockdown of either beta-tubulin or RGS4 in MT1-CHO cells followed by pretreatment with melatonin attenuated the desensitization of melatonin receptors, decreased total 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding, and did not affect neither the forskolin response nor the affinity of melatonin for the MT1 receptor. Perhaps RGS4 and beta-tubulin modulate Galpha-GDP and Galpha-GTP states thus modulating MT1 melatonin receptor function.  相似文献   

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Xenopus laevis melanophores express a high density (B(max) 1224 fmol/mg protein) of high-affinity (K(d) 37 pm) cell membrane melatonin receptors. Treatment of melanophores with melatonin resulted in a loss of membrane melatonin receptors reaching a maximum (approximately 60%) by 6 h. In addition to receptor loss, a decline in the potency of melatonin to produce pigment aggregation was observed on prolonged treatment. However, the loss of potency (3.8-fold in 24 h and 162-fold in 96 h) was much slower than loss of receptors, and was completely prevented by inclusion of eserine (100 microm), an inhibitor of melatonin deacetylation in the culture medium. Incubation of melanophores with [(3)H]-melatonin showed that eserine prevented metabolism of melatonin to 5-methoxytryptamine. These results indicate that although receptor density does decline on prolonged treatment, this is not responsible for the diminishing melatonin potency, which is entirely due to degradation of melatonin by deacetylation and subsequent deamination in melanophores.  相似文献   

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