十字花科2个种的染色体数目

棒毛荠 Cochleariella zhejiangensis (Y. H. Zhang) Y. H. Zhang et R. Vogt与浙江泡果荠 H illiella warburgii (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang et H. W. Li同属十字花科 ,亲缘相近。前者因果瓣具十分独特的棒状毛和其它一些特征而独立成属 [1 ,2 ] 。后者原在广义岩荠属 Cochlearia L.中东亚分布的一个组中 ,该组后经整理扩大提升成泡果荠属 [3]。对于该 2种的分类归属 ,争议颇多。赵一之 [4]认为两者差别不大 ,将前者作为后者的变种更为恰当 ,并将棒毛荠属、泡果荠属与阴山荠属合并。陆莲立 [5]认为两者果瓣上的差别是同一植物种…     

阴山荠属,泡果荠属,棒毛荠属和岩荠属的扫描电镜观察

以阴山荠属、泡果荠属、棒毛荠属和岩荠属的18种植物取用实验材料,对果实外表皮、种子外种皮、毛和花粉粒等特征鉴别器官进行扫描电镜观察,提供36张照片资料,并以检索性状比较属间特征,证明该4属作为各自独立的属是恰当的。     

十字花科四属植物叶片的表皮特征

对十字花科岩荠属、阴山荠属、泡果荠属、棒毛荠 属植物的叶表皮特征进行了扫描电镜观察,结果表明：表皮细胞多为不规则形,气孔主要分布于表皮,垂周壁上有明显的波状嵴或沟槽状下陷,平周壁上有各咱条纹状角质层纹饰。这些微形态特征在属间有明显的类群特异性,又有一定的过渡类型,为岩荠属及近缘属的合理划分提供一定的证据。     

浙江泡果荠一新变种

本文发表浙江泡果荠一新变种即白花浙江泡果荠Hilliella warburgii (O.E.Schulz) Y.H.Zhang et H.W.Li var,albiflora,sp.nov.     

安徽产碎米荠属二新变种

本文发表了安徽产碎米荠属二新变种,即黄山碎米荠Carda-mine chejiangensis T.Y.Chen et R.C.Fang var.huangshanensis D.C.Zhang var.nov.;圆齿白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha(Tausch)O.E.Schulz var.crenata D.C.Zhang var.nov.。     

十字花科四属植物叶片脉序的比较研究

对十字花科有争议的岩荠属Cochlearia,泡果荠属Hilliella,阴山荠属Yinshania,棒毛荠属Cochleariella植物的叶片脉序进行了研究。结果表明：岩荠属为环结曲行羽状脉,泡果荠属为直行羽状脉,阴山荠属为半直行羽状脉,棒毛荠属种的叶脉与浙江泡果荠相似。前3属植物在网眼的大小,叶缘末级脉和叶先端的形态上也存在着差异。据此作者认为岩荠属,泡果荠属和阴山荠属这3属植物分开是合理的,但棒毛荠属的分类地位值得进一步研究。还得出这几个属的叶脉演化关系是;基出完全掌状脉→环结曲行羽状脉→直行羽状脉。     

泡果荠属和阴山荠属（十字花科）的分属界限及两属的分类校订

泡果荠属Hilliella和阴山荠属Yinshania是十字花科中国特有的两小群植物,但是,它们的分属界定却一直颇有争议。本文结合前人的研究结果重新对这两群植物做了研究,从而进一步确认这两群植物应该界定为两个属,即泡果荠属和阴山荠属。文中比较了两属间重要的性状特征,并指出它们的主要区别在于:泡果荠属果实无假隔膜,种子较大,表面具小瘤状突起,染色体倍性为六倍体（2n=6x=42）;而阴山荠属果实有假隔膜,种子较小,表面具网纹,染色体倍性为二倍体（2n=2x=12）。两属其他方面如叶形态、叶表皮结构、被毛类型     

阴山荠属和泡果荠属的数量分类研究

阴山荠属和泡果荠属隶于十字花科,两属有一些共同特征,也有一系列性状差异,数量分类结果支持两属处理为各自独立的属。本文同时对属下类群和一些种间关系进行了讨论。     

阴山荠属和泡果荠属植物染色体数目及过氧化物酶同工酶的比较

阴山荠属和泡果荠属受试种类的染色体数目是：柔毛阴山荠（Ｙ．ｈｅｎｒｙｉ（Ｏｌｉｖ．）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝１２,叉毛阴山荠（Ｙ．ｆｕｒｃａｔｏｐｉｌｏｓａ（Ｋｕａｎ）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝１２,双牌泡果荠（Ｈ．ｓｈｕａｎｇｐａｉｅｎｓｉｓＺ．Ｙ．Ｌｉ）２ｎ＝４４,黟县泡果齐（Ｈ．ｙｉｃｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓＹ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝４２,双牌泡果（Ｈ．ｐａｒｄｏｘａ（Ｈａｎｃｅ）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎ     

湖南广西泡果荠属一新种

湖南广西泡果荠属一新种张渝华（浙江省医学科学院药物研究所，杭州３１００１３）ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＨＩＬＬＩＥＬＬＡＦＲＯＭＨＵＮＡＮＡＮＤＧＵＡＮＧＸＩＺｈａｎｇＹｕｈｕａ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａＭｅｄｉｃａ，ＺｈｅｊｉａｎｇＡｃ...     

关于浙江泡果荠和棒毛荠的分类问题

再次对浙江泡果荠Hilliella warburgii和棒毛荠Cochleariella zhejiangensis作比较研究后,本文认为：两者差别明显,尤其是后者子房和果实表面密被发达的膜质棒状毛,又有各自不同的地理分布区,显然是不同属植物。棒毛荠属(单型属)的属名模式是Cochleariella zhejiangensis Y．H．Zhang et R．Vogt。     

The Identification and Revision on the Type of Cochleariopsis Y. E. Zhang (Cruciferae)

The genus Cochleariopsis Y.H. Zhang was described in 1985, with C. zhejiangensis Y. H. Zhang, the only member of the genus, as its type. However, this species had been published by O.E. Schulz earlier in 1923, named Cochlearia warburgii O.E. Schulz. Hence, this species is not new one, and the type of the ge-nus should be Cochleariopsis warburgii (O. E. Schulz)L. L. Lu .     

Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and RAPD-analyses in Cochlearia (Brassicaceae): Biosystematics and speciation

Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) restriction site variation (RFLP), has been analysed in the genus Cochlearia L. sections Cochlearia O.E. Schulz and Glaucocochlearia O.E. Schulz. Members of section Glaucocochlearia are clearly separated from those of section Cochlearia by 28 site mutations, thus supporting taxonomic arrangements into the two sections mentioned. RAPD studies provide further strong evidence for closer relationships among tax a within each section than between sections. CpDNA sequence divergence values in section Cochlearia are extremely low. Although 91 accessions representing 11 species have been analysed by 25 restriction enzymes, only four restriction site mutations were detected characterising six different cp genome types. Low levels of chloroplast DNA divergence would suggest that taxa of section Cochlearia are closely related and most likely have diversified recently. Polyploid Cochlearia offcinalis (2n=24), C. anglica (2n=48) and C. danica (2n=42) displayed infraspecific variation for cp genomes, which could be partly explained by multiple origin and by reticulate evolution. RAPD analyses (22 primers, 140 informative characters, ten taxa from 17 accessions) do not only strongly support these arguments but also helped to clarify speciation processes and biogeographic aspects in more detail. It is argued that South West Europe was the primary center of origin of the polyploids, second centers may be the British Isles, Iceland and locally restricted parts of Middle Europe.     

On the Type of the Genus Yinshania (Cruciferae)

When the genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao was published, it had only a single species, Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao which was indicated as the type of the genus (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1979). Y. Z. Zhao 155. was indicated as the type specimen of Y. albiflora. It is adequate to cite Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao as the type of genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao. In a revision (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(3): 204-219, 1987) Y. H. Zhang made a combintion, Yinshania acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang (=Cochlearia acutangula O. E. Schulz) and reduced Yinshania albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao as a variety of Y. acutangula,i. e. Y. acutangula var. albiflora (Ma et Y. Z. Zhao) Y. H. Zhang. She is uncorrect, however, when she cited Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H . Zhang as the type of the genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao. It should be cited as follows: Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao Typus generis: Yinshania albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao (=Yinshania acutangula(O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang var. albiflora (Ma et Y. Z. Zhao) Y. H. Zhang)     

A Revision of Genus Yinshania (Cruciferae)

The genus Yinshania was established by Ma Yu-chuan and Zhao Yi-zhi in 1979, when only one species, Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao, was discribed from Nei Monggol. In the present paper the genus Yinshania is revised and four new species, two new varieties and four new combinetions are reported. There are so far eight species and two varieties in total in this genus. Important morphological characters of the genus are analysed, which shows that the lateral nectariferous glands positioned at lateral base of the brevistamens are triangularovoid; there are dense minute pustules on the surface of valves, which is easily neglected because the pustules disappear or shrinked when dry; simple or furcate hairs are present in the most species, seldom absent; the shape of pollen grains is relatively steady, elliptic or long-elliptic, with the polar view trifidcircular, the equatorial view elliptic or long elliptic, the aperture 3-colpate, exine reticular. The type of genus Yinshania is changed. Cochlearia acutangula O. E. Schulz was published in 1929, but Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao in 1979. They are the same species and a new combinetion, Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang, is made. Thus, the type of genus Yinshania should be changed to Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang. Besides, He Ye-qi 6121 (paratype, PE), which is different from Y. acutangula var. albiflora, is separated from it and transferred the typical variety, Y. acutangula. According to the characters of fruit shape the genus Yinshania is divided into two sections, namely, Sect. Microcarpa and Sect. Yinshania, and then Sect. Yinshania is subdivided into two series. Sect. 1. Microcarpa. Silicles widely ovoid or subglobose, 1-2.2 mm long, 0.8-2.2 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 1.1. Sect. 2. Yinshania. Silicles oblong, oblong-ovoid or long-lanceolate, ellipsoidal, 1.5-4.5 mm long, 0.3-1.5 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 2.5-3.3. Ser. 1. Henryanae. Raches flexuose; plants densely hairy; leaves 3-5-foliolate, seldom pinnatipartite or pinnatisect. Ser. 2. Yinshania. Raches non flexuose; plants sparsely hairy; leaves pinnatisect or pinnatipartite. The genus Yinshania is a genus endemic to China, with their range from eastern Xizang to western Hubei from northern Guizhou to central Nei Monggol. The taxa are mostly of a small area. Sect. Microcarpa is concentrated in Sichuan and southern Gansu; Sect. Yinshania is spread from Xizang and Sichuan, nouthwards to Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei and Nei Monggol (Ser. Yinshania); and from Sichuan south-eastwards to Guizhou and Hebei (Ser. Henryanae). There are five species in Sichuan. The present paper conjectures that the distribution centre of the genus is in the Hengduan Mountains and its adjacent areas.     

On the Identity of Yinshania albiflora

The author examined the type of Cochlearia acutangula O.E.Schulz, G. Giraldi 2423, and found that Yinshania albiflora is conspecific with the former. Therefore the reduction of Yinshania albiflora(=Yinshania acutangula var. albiflo-ra) to Yinshania acutangula as a synonym is made.