槲皮苷:一种抑制钙调蛋白磷酸酶(CN)的新型免疫抑制剂

目的 以钙调蛋白磷酸酶(CN)为靶酶,从中草药中寻找高效、低毒的免疫抑制剂.方法 以CN为靶点,筛选并分离能够抑制其活性的天然化合物.在细胞和动物水平评价该化合物的免疫抑制效果及毒副作用,并通过荧光猝灭、分子对接、免疫印迹、双荧光素酶报告基因、实时定量PCR等实验探究天然化合物与CN的作用机理及可能的免疫抑制作用机制....     

鸡血藤中黄酮类化合物与环氧合酶-2对接研究北大核心CSCD

探索黄酮类化合物抗环氧合酶-2的分子机理,筛选鸡血藤中选择性抗环氧合酶-2的黄酮类化合物。本研究应用Autodock 4.2软件对环氧合酶和环氧合酶抑制剂进行分子对接研究,建立阳性抑制剂结合自由能与抑制活性关系模型,并筛选鸡血藤中选择性抗环氧合酶-2的黄酮类化合物。阳性抑制剂与环氧合酶的对接模型R2分别为0.96997和0.84171,建立了预测能力较好的对接模型,可用于指导环氧合酶抑制剂的筛选。筛选结果表明,3',4',7-三羟基黄酮、儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素具有较强的环氧合酶-2选择性抑制活性,可作为母体用于新型抗炎药物设计。     

鸡血藤中黄酮类化合物与环氧合酶-2对接研究

探索黄酮类化合物抗环氧合酶-2的分子机理,筛选鸡血藤中选择性抗环氧合酶-2的黄酮类化合物。本研究应用Autodock 4.2软件对环氧合酶和环氧合酶抑制剂进行分子对接研究,建立阳性抑制剂结合自由能与抑制活性关系模型,并筛选鸡血藤中选择性抗环氧合酶-2的黄酮类化合物。阳性抑制剂与环氧合酶的对接模型R2分别为0.96997和0.84171,建立了预测能力较好的对接模型,可用于指导环氧合酶抑制剂的筛选。筛选结果表明,3',4',7-三羟基黄酮、儿茶素、没食子儿茶素、表儿茶素具有较强的环氧合酶-2选择性抑制活性,可作为母体用于新型抗炎药物设计。     

芹菜素抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的分子机制研究

[目的]分析芹菜素对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用类型,并探讨其抑制的分子作用机制。[方法]采用Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程,分析芹菜素对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用类型;荧光光谱和分子对接阐述芹菜素抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的分子作用机制。[结果]芹菜素对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制类型为竞争型抑制,抑制常数Ki=12.08μg/m L。芹菜素和α-葡萄糖苷酶的结合导致酶分子的内在荧光静态猝灭,不同温度(298 K、304 K、310 K)条件下荧光猝灭常数KA分别为0.859 4×104、0.617 7×104、0.486 5×104L/mol。酶分子中Tyr158、Ser240、Pro312、Phe314和Asn415等氨基酸残基为芹菜素与其结合的重要活性位点,芹菜素的A环5-OH和7-OH、B环4'-OH结构对其抑制活性起到关键作用。[结论]芹菜素是α-葡萄糖苷酶的竞争性抑制剂,疏水作用力和氢键是其与酶分子间的主要作用力。     

基于天然产物的蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B 抑制剂的虚拟筛选

蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B,PTP1B)是治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的靶点之一,筛选PTP1B抑制剂具有十分重要的意义.本文采用分子对接虚拟筛选方法,构建共含有42 296个小分子的天然产物库,分别与PTP1B靶点蛋白进行分子对接,以原配体的结合能量为阈值,经过三轮筛选选取打分值高于阈值的小分子进行药代动力学参数和毒性参数预测,最终筛选出3个PTP1B抑制剂,对苯醌类化合物7、异香豆素类衍生物10和Clavepictine类似物11.结合方式研究表明,3个候选抑制剂类药性良好,均具有较好的PTP1B抑制活性,其中化合物10和11的PTP1B抑制活性未见报道.对化合物10进行体外抑制活性检测,其IC50为(74.58±1.23)μmol/L,可作为潜在Ⅱ型糖尿病治疗药物.     

基于天然产物的蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂的虚拟筛选（英文）

蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B,PTP1B)是治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的靶点之一,筛选PTP1B抑制剂具有十分重要的意义.本文采用分子对接虚拟筛选方法,构建共含有42 296个小分子的天然产物库,分别与PTP1B靶点蛋白进行分子对接,以原配体的结合能量为阈值,经过三轮筛选选取打分值高于阈值的小分子进行药代动力学参数和毒性参数预测,最终筛选出3个PTP1B抑制剂,对苯醌类化合物7、异香豆素类衍生物10和Clavepictine类似物11.结合方式研究表明,3个候选抑制剂类药性良好,均具有较好的PTP1B抑制活性,其中化合物10和11的PTP1B抑制活性未见报道.对化合物10进行体外抑制活性检测,其IC50为(74.58±1.23)μmol/L,可作为潜在Ⅱ型糖尿病治疗药物.     

异槲皮苷对Aβ25-35导致的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用及机制研究

探讨异槲皮苷对β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ25-35)导致的PC12细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。首先通过分子对接技术分析异槲皮苷与AMPK的结合情况。采用Aβ25-35(20μmol/L)损伤PC12细胞建立细胞氧化损伤模型,采用甲基噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞活力,通过试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量、活性氧(ROS)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化物酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力,采用Western blot法检测磷酸化腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(p-AMPK)、过氧化物增殖体受体辅激活子-1α(PGC-1α)、沉默信息调节因子3(Sirt3)和异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH2)的蛋白表达。结果显示异槲皮苷与AMPK的结合力为-9.48 kJ/mol,提示AMPK可能为异槲皮苷的潜在作用靶点。异槲皮苷(1、10和100μmol/L)能够浓度依赖性的显著抑制Aβ25-35导致的PC12细胞死亡,减少ROS和MDA含量,升高SOD和GSH-Px活力。异槲皮苷抑制Aβ25-35导致的细胞氧化损伤并上调p-AMPK、PGC-1α、Sirt3和IDH2的蛋白表达。以上结果表明异槲皮苷可能通过调控AMPK/Sirt3信号通路发挥抗Aβ25-35导致的PC12细胞氧化损伤作用。     

基于复杂网络分析的胡桃楸黄酮类天然产物活性

以胡桃楸黄酮类天然产物为基础,探讨了多物质多靶点之间关系,进而对其活性做出预测。应用Pharm Mapper对黄酮类成分反向对接,构建胡桃楸黄酮类成分不同靶点作用网络,通过分析网络特征,揭示分子和靶点之间的关系,发现胡桃楸黄酮类有着广谱的活性。扁蓄苷（Avicularin）和阿福豆苷（Afzelin）有潜在抗肿瘤的活性;扁蓄苷（Avicularin）有潜在的抗菌活性;黄酮醇（3-Hydroxyflavone）,杨梅素（Myricetin）,扁蓄苷（Avicularin）,阿福豆苷（Afzelin）,紫云英苷（Astragalin）,杨梅苷（Myricitrin）和槲皮苷（Quercitrin）有潜在的防寄生虫活性。本文为胡桃楸黄酮类天然产物的进一步开发提供了前期预测数据,具有一定的指导意义。     

结合分子相似性、药效团和分子对接筛选新的HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂

结合分子相似性、药效团和分子对接建立兼顾计算效率和预测准确度的HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂筛选方法。首先通过对现有HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂分子进行相似性分析,选取代表性的HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂作为模板分子,构建和优化药效团模型,并从1万个化合物中优先筛选出500个化合物。而后采用分子对接方法进一步考察化合物与HIV-1蛋白酶结合情况,得到4个新的活性候选化合物,并进行其结合自由能计算和抗突变性分析。结果表明新候选化合物ST025723和HIV-1蛋白酶表现出较好的相互作用和抗突变性,具有深入研究的价值,同时也证明分子相似性、药效团和分子对接相结合能够快速有效地发现新颖活性候选化合物。     

贯叶连翘中的新抗真菌黄酮苷

从贯叶连翘 (HypericumperforatumL .)地上部分的 80 %乙醇提取物中分离得到 1个新的黄酮苷和 6个已知黄酮类化合物。采用红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振光谱等波谱技术测得新黄酮苷的结构为 6″_O_乙酰基槲皮素_3_O_β_D_阿洛糖苷 (1 ,6″_O_acetylquercetin 3_O_β_D_alloside) ,6个已知化合物分别被鉴定为槲皮苷 (quercitrin)、金丝桃苷 (hyperoside)、蓄苷 (avicularin)、芦丁 (rutin)、槲皮素 (quercetin)和山萘酚 (kaemferol)。体外抗真菌活性实验表明 ,新黄酮苷 (1 )、槲皮苷和槲皮素对植物病原菌HelminthosporiumsativumPamelKingetBakke具有一定的抑制作用 ,三者的最小抑制浓度 (MIC)分别为 :2 5、5 0和 5 0 μg/mL。另外 ,1和槲皮苷对禾赤色镰孢霉 (FusariumgraminearumSchw .)的生长也有抑制作用 (MIC值均为 1 0 0 μg/mL)。     

Design,synthesis and preliminary structure–activity relationship investigation of nitrogen-containing chalcone derivatives as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors: a further study based on Flavokawain B Mannich base derivatives

In order to study the structure–activity relationship of Flavokawain B Mannich-based derivatives as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors in our recent investigation, 20 new nitrogen-containing chalcone derivatives (4?a–8d) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for AChE inhibitory activity in vitro. The results suggested that amino alkyl side chain of chalcone dramatically influenced the inhibitory activity against AChE. Among them, compound 6c revealed the strongest AChE inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ value: 0.85?μmol/L) and the highest selectivity against AChE over BuChE (ratio: 35.79). Enzyme kinetic study showed that the inhibition mechanism of compound 6c against AChE was a mixed-type inhibition. The molecular docking assay showed that this compound can both bind with the catalytic site and the peripheral site of AChE.     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1H-1,2,4-triazole,benzothiazole and indazole-based derivatives as potent FGFR1 inhibitors viafragment-based virtual screening

Abstract

Fibroblast growth-factor receptor (FGFR) is a potential target for cancer therapy. We designed three novel series of FGFR1 inhibitors bearing indazole, benzothiazole, and 1H-1,2,4-triazole scaffold via fragment-based virtual screening. All the newly synthesised compounds were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activities against FGFR1. Compound 9d bearing an indazole scaffold was first identified as a hit compound, with excellent kinase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 15.0?nM) and modest anti-proliferative activity (IC₅₀ = 785.8?nM). Through two rounds of optimisation, the indazole derivative 9?u stood out as the most potent FGFR1 inhibitors with the best enzyme inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 3.3?nM) and cellular activity (IC₅₀ = 468.2?nM). Moreover, 9?u also exhibited good kinase selectivity. In addition, molecular docking study was performed to investigate the binding mode between target compounds and FGFR1.     

Kushenol A and 8-prenylkaempferol,tyrosinase inhibitors,derived from Sophora flavescens

Tyrosinase is known for an enzyme that plays a key role in producing the initial precursor of melanin biosynthesis. Inhibition of the catalytic reaction of this enzyme led to some advantage such as skin-whitening and anti-insect agents. To find a natural compound with inhibitory activity towards tyrosinase, the five flavonoids of kushenol A (1), 8-prenylkaempferol (2), kushenol C (3), formononetin (4) and 8-prenylnaringenin (5) were isolated by column chromatography from a 95% methanol extract of Sophora flavescens. The ability of these flavonoids to block the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA by tyrosinase was tested in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent inhibitory activity, with IC50 values less than 10?µM. Furthermore, enzyme kinetics and molecular docking analysis revealed the formation of a binary encounter complex between compounds 1–4 and the enzyme. Also, all of the isolated compounds (1–5) were confirmed to possess antioxidant activity.     

Evaluation of parent and nano-encapsulated terbium(III) complex toward its photoluminescence properties,FS-DNA,BSA binding affinity,and biological applications

BackgroundThere is a crucial need for finding and developing new compounds as the anticancer and antimicrobial agents with better activity, specific target, and less toxic side effects.ObjectivesBase on the potential anticancer properties of lanthanide complexes, in the paper, the biological applications of terbium (Tb) complex, containing 2,9-dimethyl- 1,10-phenanthroline (Me₂Phen) such as anticancer, antimicrobial, DNA cleavage ability, the interaction with FS-DNA (Fish-Salmon DNA) and BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) was examined.MethodsThe interaction of Tb-complex with BSA and DNA was studied by emission spectroscopy, absorption titration, viscosity measurement, CD spectroscopy, competitive experiments, and docking calculation. Also, the ability of this complex to cleave DNA was reported by gel electrophoresis. Tb-complex was concurrently screened for its antibacterial activities by different methods. Besides, the nanocarriers of Tb-complex (lipid nanoencapsulation (LNEP) and the starch nanoencapsulation (SNEP)), as active anticancer candidates, were prepared. MTT technique was applied to measure the antitumor properties of these compounds on human cancer cell lines.ResultsThe experimental and docking results suggest significant binding between DNA as well as BSA with terbium-complex. Besides, groove binding plays the main role in the binding of this compound with DNA and BSA. The competitive experiment with hemin demonstrated that the terbium complex was bound at site III of BSA, which was confirmed by the docking study. Also, Tb-complex was concurrently screened for its DNA cleavage, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. The anticancer properties of LNEP and SNEP are more than the terbium compound.ConclusionsTb-complex can bond to DNA/BSA with high binding affinity. Base on biological applications of Tb-complex, it can be concluded that this complex and its nanocarriers can suggest as novel anticancer, antimicrobial candidates.     

Insights into the structure and inhibition of Giardia intestinalis arginine deiminase: homology modeling,docking, and molecular dynamics studies

Giardia intestinalis arginine deiminase (GiADI) is an important metabolic enzyme involved in the energy production and defense of this protozoan parasite. The lack of this enzyme in the human host makes GiADI an attractive target for drug design against G. intestinalis. One approach in the design of inhibitors of GiADI could be computer-assisted studies of its crystal structure, such as docking; however, the required crystallographic structure of the enzyme still remains unresolved. Because of its relevance, in this work, we present a three-dimensional structure of GiADI obtained from its amino acid sequence using the homology modeling approximation. Furthermore, we present an approximation of the most stable dimeric structure of GiADI identified through molecular dynamics simulation studies. An in silico analysis of druggability using the structure of GiADI was carried out in order to know if it is a good target for design and optimization of selective inhibitors. Potential GiADI inhibitors were identified by docking of a set of 3196 commercial and 19 in-house benzimidazole derivatives, and molecular dynamics simulation studies were used to evaluate the stability of the ligand–enzyme complexes.     

Design,green synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel 5,6-diaryl-1,2,4-triazines bearing 3-morpholinoethylamine moiety as potential antithrombotic agents*

The aim of this research work was to investigate a series of novel 5,6-diaryl-1,2,4-triazines (3a–3q) containing 3-morpholinoethylamine side chain, and to address their antiplatelet activity by in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo methods. All compounds were synthesized by environment benign route and their structures were unambiguously confirmed by spectral data. Compounds (3l) and (3m) were confirmed by their single crystal X-ray structures. Out of all the synthesized compounds, 10 were found to be more potent in vitro than aspirin; six of them were found to be prominent in ex vivo assays and one compound (3d) was found to have the most promising antithrombotic profile in vivo. Moreover, compound (3d) demonstrated less ulcerogenicity in rats as compared to aspirin. The selectivity of the most promising compound (3d) for COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes was determined with the help of molecular docking studies and the results were correlated with the biological activity.     

Molecular insights of benzodipyrazole as CDK2 inhibitors: combined molecular docking,molecular dynamics,and 3D QSAR studies

Abstract

Benzodipyrazoles have been previously evaluated for their in vitro CDK2 inhibitory activity. In the current investigation, we identified a six-feature common pharmacophore model (AADDRR.33) which is predicted to be responsible for CDK2 inhibition. An efficient 3D QSAR (r^2?=?0.98 and q^2?=?0.82) model was also constructed by employing PLS regression analysis. From the molecular docking studies, we examined the binding patterns of compound 7aa with the target protein and also calculated the binding energy using MM-GBSA calculations. Three hydrogen bonds with Lys 33, Glu 81, and Leu 83 are conserved even after 1000?ps run in a molecular dynamics simulation. We identified the slight displacement in bond lengths and the conformational changes occurred during the dynamics. The results also elucidated the protein residue–ligand interaction fractions which clearly explained the involvement of non-H-bond interactions.     

Structure–activity relationship investigation of benzamide and picolinamide derivatives containing dimethylamine side chain as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

A series of benzamide and picolinamide derivatives containing dimethylamine side chain (4a–4c and 7a–7i) were synthesised and evaluated for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity in vitro. Structure–activity relationship investigation revealed that the substituted position of dimethylamine side chain markedly influenced the inhibitory activity and selectivity against AChE and BChE. In addition, it seemed that the bioactivity of picolinamide amide derivatives was stronger than that of benzamide derivatives. Among them, compound 7a revealed the most potent AChE inhibitory activity (IC₅₀: 2.49?±?0.19?μM) and the highest selectivity against AChE over BChE (Ratio: 99.40). Enzyme kinetic study indicated that compound 7a show a mixed-type inhibition against AChE. The molecular docking study revealed that this compound can bind with both the catalytic site and the peripheral site of AChE.