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1.
2005年11月18日~12月28日和2006年3月8日~5月8日对洪泽湖东部湿地自然保护区境内淮河入洪泽湖河口处(33°06′~33°07′N,118°29′~118°30′E)雁鸭类的种类组成、数量及生境分布进行了研究。在河道和鱼塘生境分别设置了2个和4个样带(方),共统计到雁鸭类6属18种。与历史记录相比,雁鸭类种类明显减少。11~12月记录到雁鸭类5属12种,优势种为斑嘴鸭(Anas poecilorhyncha)、绿翅鸭(A.crecca)、花脸鸭(A.formosa)和绿头鸭(A.platyrhynchos);2006年3~5月记录到雁鸭类3属8种,优势种为绿翅鸭、白眉鸭(A.querquedula)和斑嘴鸭。研究区域内,11~12月河道与鱼塘生境分布的雁鸭类种类和数量差异均显著,鱼塘生境分布的雁鸭类种类多、数量大,而3~5月河道与鱼塘生境分布的雁鸭类种类差异不明显,数量差异显著,河道生境分布的雁鸭类数量较大。人类活动引起的隐蔽场所和食物资源的变化是造成分布差异的主要原因。  相似文献   

2.
雷进宇  谢红钢  颜军  王雪峰 《动物学杂志》2016,51(3):486,491-486,491
正2015年11月22日,在湖北省武汉市东西湖区府河柏泉段(30°45′10″N,114°9′15″E)观察并拍摄到小美洲黑雁(Branta hutchinsii)1只(图1),隶属于雁形目鸭科黑雁属。该雁所发现之处,为长江一级支流——府河流经武汉柏泉的河段,该河段夏季被高水位所淹,冬季水位降低后,露出草滩,河道则因人为挖筑的堤岸而形成一个面积数百亩的开阔水面,中间有若干泥土堆积而成的小岛。同域分布有豆雁(Anser fabalis)、灰雁(A.anser)、绿头  相似文献   

3.
正2016年1月6日,在西藏自治区乃东县泽当镇羌哉村(29°16′29.634″N,95°49′44.202″E,海拔3 557 m)观察到2只雁,该雁全身以灰褐色为主,尾下覆羽为白色,脚为橙黄色,喙黑色、喙端有黄斑,嘴甲和鼻孔间有白色斑点,两胁具灰褐色黄斑。经鉴定为豆雁(Anser fabalis)(约翰·马敬能等2000,Mark 2009,曲利明2014)。查阅相关文献(中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队1983,赵正阶2001,郑光美2011,刘迺发等2013),确认  相似文献   

4.
正2018年5月3日傍晚在位于吉林省白城市通榆县的吉林向海国家级自然保护区鹤类核心区青年坝附近(44°59′51.5″N,122°17′52.1″E,海拔168 m)使用NIKON-D4相机800 mm定焦镜头拍摄到1只黑白相间雁类,拍摄距离约120 m。经查阅相关文献(段文科等2017)确定本次发现的鸟类为白颊黑雁(Branta leucopsis)。  相似文献   

5.
2018年12月14日,在位于河南省孟津县的河南黄河湿地国家级自然保护区内(112°39′38″E,34°50′35″N,海拔116 m)使用单筒望远镜(Swarovski ATS 80HD+20-60X目镜)观察到1只体色黑白相间雁类个体,使用相机(佳能EOS 7DⅡ+EF 300 mm f/2.8 ISⅡ)拍摄到照片(图1),拍摄距离约180 m。其为中等体型的深色雁,头、颈、胸黑褐色,背和两翅灰褐色,颈的两侧各有一白色横斑,在颈前后断开,未能联成颈环。尾上覆羽白色,尾黑褐色,下腹和尾下覆羽白色。查阅相关文献(赵正阶1995,约翰·马敬能等2000),鉴定为黑雁(Branta bernicla)。  相似文献   

6.
正2017年11月4日上午11时左右,在天津市北大港湿地自然保护区的万亩鱼塘(38°47′15.33″N,117°25′3.98″E,海拔3 m)观察到1只白额鹱(Calonectris leucomelas)飞过,并拍照记录。此后数日前往观察,均未能再看到此鸟。被观察到时,该白额鹱的飞行高度约60 m;当时同域空中有红嘴鸥(Chroicocephalus ridibumdus)、红嘴巨燕  相似文献   

7.
正2019年4月22日,杜银磊等在云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县那邦镇那邦村一水塘(24°42′58.40″N,97°34′08.70″E,海拔239 m)拍摄到一只鸭类(见封面)。该鸟通体棕褐色;头、颈褐色并杂有白色点斑,而不全为黑色,与疣鼻栖鸭(Cairina moschata)不同(Johnsgard 2010);颈部领环黑色,下体深色,与瘤鸭(Sarkidiornismelanotos)有别(Johnsgard2010);飞行时,可见翼上的白色覆羽与蓝紫色的翼镜形成鲜明反差),翼下的白色覆羽与黑色的飞羽形成鲜明对比(图1);  相似文献   

8.
报道了青藏高原通泉草科(Mazaceae)肉果草属(Lancea)粗毛肉果草(Lancea hirsuta Bonati)新分布。该种分布于西藏八宿县(30°12′3.8″N,97°16′48″E)、西藏林周县(30°4′58.8″N,91°16′48″E)、西藏当雄县(30°32′24″N,91°20′24″E)和青海杂多县(33°4′48″N,95°9′36″E),该次发现将中国该种自然分布区扩大到西藏、青海等地,海拔分布也增加至4 300m。凭证标本现存于中国科学院青藏高原生物标本馆(HNWP)。  相似文献   

9.
2018年9月19日,云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县太平镇石梯村民徐卫强在村寨附近(24°28′05″N,97°34′15″E)用手机拍摄到一段杜鹃类惊飞的视频;2019年7月19日,赵泽恒等在云南省大理白族自治州大理市洱海月湿地公园的树林内(25°36′36.05″N,100°13′51.96″E,海拔1967 m)拍摄到一只鸟类(图1)。  相似文献   

10.
正2016年4月,在西藏雅鲁藏布江中游干流下段的派镇段(29°31′9″N,94°52′12″E,海拔2 897 m),6月在米林段(29°12′1″N,94°5′16″E,海拔2 947 m),2017年7月在里龙段(29°8′32″N,93°54′34″E,海拔2 960 m),使用定置刺网共捕获到15尾疑似黄斑褶(Pseudecheneis sulcatus)的鱼类标本(图1a,b)。2017年4月在雅鲁藏布江下游墨脱段(29°18′10″N,95°16′52″E,海拔682 m)采集到一批黄斑褶标本(图1c,d),并与中游的黄斑褶进行了形态学比较鉴定。  相似文献   

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The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.  相似文献   

14.
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

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16.
Difficulties in controlling outbreaks of Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, have obstructed the widespread adoption of biological control in many ornamental crops. The efficacy of the predatory mite, Neoseiulus cucumeris, in controlling F. occidentalis on two cultivars of cyclamen was tested in glasshouse experiments. The establishment and development of F. occidentalis populations was compared in three treatment introductions of N. cucumeris (50, 200 and 350 mites m -2 per week) and an untreated control. F. occidentalis were sampled in the flowers over eight weeks and counted into different life stages. No differences were observed between the two cultivars. All treatments with the predator resulted in a decline in numbers of F. occidentalis compared to the untreated control. Although the proportion of first instar F. occidentalis was similar in all treatments, the level of control varied with the number of N. cucumeris introduced. Lower populations of F. occidentalis, combined with a more rapid decline in their numbers, were observed at the 200 and 350 mites m -2 rates. Numbers of F. occidentalis remained low in the 350 N. cucumeris m -2 rate and the proportion of second instar F. occidentalis in the samples was consistently lower than in the other treatments. Trap counts of adult F. occidentalis were strongly correlated with the numbers of both adult and total F. occidentalis in flower samples. High inoculative releases of N. cucumeris early in the flowering cycle followed by frequent low introductions of predators should provide a strong basis for preventative control of F. occidentalis and other thrips species on cyclamen.  相似文献   

17.
The fungi, Hirsutella rhossiliensis and Hirsutella minnesotensis, are two endoparasites of second-stage juveniles (J2) of the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines. The objective of this study was to screen for effective fungal isolates to control the nematode in laboratory and greenhouse assays. A total of 93 isolates of H. rhossiliensis and 25 isolates of H. minnesotensis were evaluated for parasitism of SCN J2 on cornmeal agar. Percentage of SCN J2 parasitized by the fungi varied among the fungal isolates. Most H. rhossiliensis isolates parasitized a high percentage of J2. The isolates of H. rhossiliensis obtained from bacteria-feeding nematodes, however, generally did not parasitize J2 on agar. H. minnesotensis parasitized fewer J2 on agar than did H. rhossiliensis . Forty isolates of H. rhossiliensis and four isolates of H. minnesotensis that parasitized a high percentage of J2 on agar were evaluated for their biocontrol potential in soil treated with microwave heating. Most isolates selected from the agar assay also parasitized a high percentage of J2 in the soil but there was variation among isolates. Pathogenicity of 14 isolates of H. rhossiliensis and four isolates of H. minnesotensis to the SCN was also investigated in the greenhouse using untreated field soil. Most isolates of H. rhossiliensis reduced SCN population density and increased plant growth when compared with 1% corn-grits control (culture media). One isolate (OWVT-1) of H. rhossiliensis reduced the SCN egg density by 95% and J2 density by 98% when compared with the control. Isolates of H. minnesotensis, however, neither reduced SCN density nor increased plant growth in the greenhouse.  相似文献   

18.
Three remarkable new genera of conidial lichen-forming fungi, with pycnidial or acervular conidiomata are described and illustrated.Hastifera tenuispora gen. et spec. nov. from the South-Tyrol, Italy, is characterized by very long and narrow hyaline conidia produced in pycnidial conidiomata immersed in thalline warts.Lichingoldia gyalectiformis gen. et spec. nov. from rocks subject to inundation by freshwater in Norway has long sigmoidly curved conidia which appear to be adapted to dispersal in water.Woessia fusarioides gen. et spec. nov. from aQuercus stump in the Burgenland, Austria, has a finely granular thallus and disc-like conidiomata producing falcate conidia; this species is also of interest in that it hasChlorella as the photobiont. The recently described hyphomyceteCheiromycina flabelliformis B. Sutton is reported from Austria for the first time, and is also lichenized. Recent collections ofNigropuncta rugulosa D. Hawksw. from Austria and Italy also show that this species is lichenized rather than parasymbiotic. In all five cases the fungal hyphae of the conidiogenous structures are continuous with those in intimate contact with cells of the algal partners and the biological relationship appears to be mutualistic giving rise to stable crustose lichen thalli.  相似文献   

19.
Creeping thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Asteraceae), is one of the most serious weeds in ecological compensation areas (within-field or border refugia) in Europe. Since conventional weed control measures are restricted in compensation areas, augmenting indigenous agents for biological control of the weed may be a feasible alternative. In this paper, we studied the effect of density of the shield beetle, Cassida rubiginosa Muller (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae), and two vegetation types typical for ecological compensation areas, on the performance of creeping thistle plants in an open field experiment. Early-season larval feeding had no measurable effect on creeping thistle growth, while late-season feeding significantly reduced shoot growth. These findings were attributed to higher feeding rates of the herbivores at higher ambient temperatures late in the season. Defoliation had a strong effect on the above-ground performance of C. arvense plants, but not on the below-ground performance. In contrast, the plant community affected all below-ground performance parameters measured, but only some of the above-ground performance parameters of creeping thistle. A combination of high levels of plant competition and herbivory by C. rubiginosa larvae led to 50% mortality in C. arvense plants during the growing season. We conclude that augmentation of indigenous herbivores of C. arvense in combination with breaking up the root system by tillage and the establishment of a highly competitive plant community of beneficial herbs may be a feasible way to control this problematic weed in ecological compensation areas.  相似文献   

20.
Sixteen new species are proposed in the generaAckermania, Dressleria, Epidendrum, Maxillaria, Oncidium, Rodriguezia, Sigmatostalix, andTrigonidium. All new species are illustrated.Maxillaria vittariifolia L. O. Williams is newly recorded for Peru. A key is provided forTrigonidium of Peru.Trigonidium loretoense Schltr. andT. peruvianum Schltr. are lectotypified.  相似文献   

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