首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
小型猪动脉粥样硬化模型   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
动脉硬化(arteriosclerosis)泛指动脉变硬,由于形态特征不同分为三种疾病,动脉粥样硬化是最主要的一种动脉硬化疾病,其病灶累及弹性动脉和较多弹性纤维的肌性动脉,典型的动脉粥样硬化病灶内含有大量的脂质和坏死细胞构成的“粥样”成分。另两种动脉硬化疾病分别为门克伯格氏中膜钙化性硬化(Mfinckeberg medial calcific sclerosis)和微(小)动脉硬化(arteriolosclerosis)  相似文献   

2.
目的:研究切应力对内皮细胞(EC)膜微粘度的影响。材料和方法:将EC置于脉动循环装置中,分别施加15dyne/cm^2,50dyne/cm^2,30Odyne/cm^2切应力,作用Oh,1h,2h,4h,6h,10h后,利用带偏振器的荧光分光光度计测量膜微粘度,结果:切应力使膜微粘度增加,且切应力越高,膜微粘度增加幅度越大。切应力作用4h,EC膜微粘度升至最高,4h-10h,膜微粘度开始缓慢恢复,但仍比静态对照显著升高,结论:在切应力作用下,EC膜微粘度增加,切应力是AS的致病因素,动脉狭窄处和大中动脉分叉处是AS好发的危险部位,也是防治的重点。  相似文献   

3.
目的:分析缺血性脑血管病患者血清MMP-8 和IL-6 的表达水平与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的关系。方法:选取2013 年5 月至2014 年10 月我院收治的80 例缺血性脑血管病患者作为研究组,另选取同期在我院门诊接受体检的80 例健康人群作为对 照组。采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测两组研究对象血清MMP-8 和IL-6 水平。利用Spearman 等级相关性分析方 法分析缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉斑块的稳定程度与血清MMP-8和IL-6 水平的关系。结果:研究组缺血性脑血管病患者血清中 MMP-8 和IL-6 水平明显高于对照组,两组间数据差异存在统计学意义(P<0.01)。研究组患者中不稳定斑块28 例,稳定斑块32 例,斑块类型介于中间20 例。不稳定斑块患者血清MMP-8 和IL-6 水平高于中间斑块和稳定斑块患者,中间斑块患者血清 MMP-8 和IL-6 水平高于稳定斑块患者,组间比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Spearman 等级相关性分析结果显示,缺血性 脑血管病患者颈动脉斑块的稳定程度与血清MMP-8 和IL-6 水平存在显著的正相关关系(r=0.71,0.66;P<0.05)。结论:缺血性脑 血管病患者血清MMP-8 和IL-6 水平与颈动脉斑块稳定程度相关。  相似文献   

4.
介绍了一种结构新颖的便携式脑循环功能分析仪的基本原理、参数算法和仪器设计方法。该仪器动用超声多普勒、超声脉冲和臂式自动血压模块检测颈动脉血流速度、血管管径及肱动脉舒张压和收缩压。根据血液动力学原理建立了简化的脑血管动力学参数计算方法,可获得人体颈动脉系统外周阻力、动态阻力、临界压力及搏动指数等反映脑循环功能状况的动力学参数。该仪器结构精巧、操作便捷、指标敏感,适用于各级医院、医疗机构,特别是基层医院和社区康复中心对脑血管病进行早期诊断。  相似文献   

5.
研究了切应力对完整血管的生物学作用以及应力引起血管重建过程中内皮素(ET)的变化.采用血管体外应力培养系统,将一段完整的猪颈总动脉在体外进行培养,设切应力分别为2Pa(%组)和0.5Pa(S5组),设置2、4、6.8.10.12、14.16和18h共9个时相观察点,非平衡法放射免疫检测灌流液中的ET含量.通过Logistic曲线方程拟合,分析切应力作用下完整动脉ET表达变化规律。结果显示:S20组ET总体变化不明显;S5组分泌速率在前12.37h内明显上升,而后又逐渐下降趋于稳定,且始终高于S20组。说明低切应力作用下ET的表达及分泌增高.结果提示,在低切应力引起的血管重建中,ET可能起着重要作用。  相似文献   

6.
2型糖尿病可能加重颈动脉斑块的易损性并增加缺血性中风的风险,关于2型糖尿病患者伴有颈动脉斑块特征的急性中风亚型鲜有研究报道。本研究旨在探讨2型糖尿病患者颈动脉斑块特征与MRI确定的急性脑梗死病变特征之间的关系。本研究以颈内动脉区急性脑血管病患者为研究对象,所有患者分为2型糖尿病组和非2型糖尿病组,分别行颈动脉和脑部MRI扫描,测定同侧颈动脉斑块的形态和特征,以及颅内和颅外颈动脉狭窄。基于中风亚型和急性脑梗塞病变模式对患者进行评估。研究结果表明,与非2型糖尿病患者相比,2型糖尿病患者颈动脉型IV-VI病变的患病率更高,斑块负荷更大,以及富脂质坏死核(LRNC)更大。在有症状的颈动脉LRNC患者中,与非2型糖尿病组相比,2型糖尿病组颈内动脉区出现较多的伴有大穿孔动脉梗塞形态和较大的急性脑梗塞。LRNC%23.5%的颈动脉斑块是2型糖尿病患者存在颈动脉狭窄的急性脑梗塞病变的独立危险因素。颈动脉斑块特征的量化,尤其是MRI诊断的富脂质坏死核对中风风险具有潜在应用价值。  相似文献   

7.
目的:探讨苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)性眩晕的临床疗效。方法:选择2017年11月-2019年8月我院收治的VBI性眩晕患者145例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分成联合组(75例)和对照组(70例)。在基础治疗的前提下,联合组采用苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗,对照组采用西比灵治疗。比较两组临床疗效、眩晕改善情况、脑动脉血流速度指标、动脉硬化指数(AI)以及血液流变学指标。结果:治疗后联合组总有效率为89.33%,高于对照组的75.71%(P<0.05);治疗后联合组眩晕症状积分、欧洲眩晕评分量表(EEV)评分和眩晕障碍量表(DHI)评分低于对照组(P<0.05);联合组治疗后左侧动脉、基底动脉峰值流速(Vp)、左右侧动脉、基底动脉平均血流速度(Vm)均高于对照组,左侧动脉、基底动脉血管搏动指数(PI)、右侧动脉血管阻力指数(RI)、AI、高切全血黏度、中切全血黏度、低切全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗VBI性眩晕,能够缓解患者的眩晕状况,疗效确切,改善脑动脉血流速度和脑动脉硬化程度,降低血液黏度。  相似文献   

8.
目的:研究2型糖尿病患者血糖漂移水平与动脉脉搏波速度的关系。方法:共入选82例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象。所有研究对象应用自动脉搏波速度测定仪测定颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(CFPw V);采用动态血糖检测系统(CGMS)及全自动生化分析仪进行检测,收集空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2小时血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血糖水平标准差(SDBG)、平均血糖波动幅度(MAGE)、最大血糖波动幅度(LAGE)、昼间血糖漂移幅度(MODD)等血糖参数。根据CGMS检测结果将82例2型糖尿病患者分为血糖低漂移组(47例)和血糖高漂移组(35例),比较两组中各血糖参数及CFPw V水平,计算两组动脉硬化发生率,并将各血糖参数与CFPw V进行Pearson相关性分析。结果:与血糖低漂移组比较,2hPG、SDBG、MAGE、LAGE、MODD、CFPw V在血糖高漂移组中升高(P0.05);血糖高漂移组中动脉硬化的发生率高于血糖低漂移组(P0.05);Pearson相关性分析分析显示2hPG、MAGE、LAGE、MODD与CFPw V相关(P0.05)。结论:本研究中,82例2型糖尿病患者存在不同程度的动脉硬化;2hPG、MAGE、LAGE、MODD是2型糖尿病患者CFPw V升高的相关因素,提示血糖漂移进一步加重动脉硬化,参与动脉硬化的发生发展。应该重视对血糖漂移的控制,减少动脉硬化的发生率,延缓动脉硬化的发展。  相似文献   

9.
目的:研究血清基质金属蛋白酶-8(MMP-8)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)表达与缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系。 方法:选取2012 年9 月至2013 年11 月就诊60 例缺血性脑血管病患者为研究组和健康体检者60 例为对照组。按照超声影像学 资料并参考患者颈动脉斑块类型把研究组分为不稳定斑块类型(18 例),稳定斑块类型(22 例)以及斑块性质介于两组之间为中间 类型(20 例)。采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对血清MMP-8、IL-6 水平进行测定,探讨血清MMP-8、IL-6 表达与不同 程度缺血性脑血管病患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系。结果:研究组血清MMP-8、IL-6 水平显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意 义(P<0.01);三种不同类型斑块血清中MMP-8、IL-6 水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);Spearman 等级相关性分析发现,研究组患 者颈动脉斑块稳定程度与血清MMP-8、IL-6 浓度水平存在显著正相关关系(P<0.01);线性相关分析发现,研究组血清MMP-8 水 平与IL-6 水平呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:缺血性脑血管病患者血清MMP-8、IL-6 水平明显升高,其与颈动脉斑块不稳定程度 相关,同样与缺血性脑血管病发病机制方面存在相关协同作用。  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的护理措施.方法:对糖尿病性下肢动脉闭塞症的52例患者,给予适当的心理疏导,合理调整饮食,加强患肢和创面护理,有效的时症处理,以及有针对性的出院指导等系列护理措施.结果:合理恰当的护理措施可以有效地促进糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的恢复.结论:糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者除采用恰当的外科治疗手段,实施高质量的,有针对性的护理措施十分重要.  相似文献   

11.
Decrease of arterial wall shear stress (WSS) is associated with higher probability of atherosclerotic plaque development in many disease conditions. End-stage renal diseases (ESRD) patients suffer from vascular disease frequently, but its nature differs from general population. This study was aimed at proving an association between common carotid wall shear stress and the presence of carotid bifurcation plaques in a group of ESRD patients. ESRD subjects, planned for the creation of a dialysis access and therapy were included. Wall shear rate (WSR) was used as a surrogate of WSS and was analyzed in the common carotid arteries by duplex ultrasonography. Intima media thickness (IMT) was measured at the same site. The presence/absence of carotid bifurcation plaques was recorded. The endothelial function was estimated by the levels of von Willebrand factor (vWf). 35 ESRD patients were included (19 females, 17 diabetics). Atherosclerotic plaque was present in 53 % of bifurcations. Wall shear rate was lower in arteries with plaques (349+/-148 vs. 506+/-206 s(-1), p=0.005) and was directly related to the height of IMT and inversely to the activity of vWf (r= -0.65, p=0.016). Lower wall shear rate in the common carotid arteries is linked to the endothelial dysfunction and to the presence of atherosclerotic plaques in carotid bifurcations in ESRD subjects. Faster arterial dilatation may facilitate this process in ESRD subjects.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this study is to investigate the blood flow pattern in carotid bifurcation with a high degree of luminal stenosis, combining in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A newly developed two-equation transitional model was employed to evaluate wall shear stress (WSS) distribution and pressure drop across the stenosis, which are closely related to plaque vulnerability. A patient with an 80% left carotid stenosis was imaged using high resolution MRI, from which a patient-specific geometry was reconstructed and flow boundary conditions were acquired for CFD simulation. A transitional model was implemented to investigate the flow velocity and WSS distribution in the patient-specific model. The peak time-averaged WSS value of approximately 73 Pa was predicted by the transitional flow model, and the regions of high WSS occurred at the throat of the stenosis. High oscillatory shear index values up to 0.50 were present in a helical flow pattern from the outer wall of the internal carotid artery immediately after the throat. This study shows the potential suitability of a transitional turbulent flow model in capturing the flow phenomena in severely stenosed carotid arteries using patient-specific MRI data and provides the basis for further investigation of the links between haemodynamic variables and plaque vulnerability. It may be useful in the future for risk assessment of patients with carotid disease.  相似文献   

13.
Arterial sites with low wall shear stress (WSS) are more prone to the development of atherosclerotic plaques, as was observed in carotid arteries in subjects with atherosclerosis risk factors. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other components of the metabolic syndrome, are associated with high risk for symptomatic cerebrovascular disease. It was shown by others that untreated type 2 DM is associated with lower WSS in common carotid arteries. However, the cardiovascular risk of type 2 DM could be modified by therapy. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that treated type 2 DM subjects with metabolic syndrome still have lower WSS in common carotid arteries than healthy controls. We enrolled 26 compensated DM subjects with metabolic syndrome, treated by metformin, statins and ACEI for more than 6 months, and 22 aged-comparable healthy controls. Wall shear rate (WSR) was used as a measure of WSS. A linear 3-11 MHz probe was used to measure blood velocity and internal diameter in the common carotid arteries. We compared observed values of WSR adjusted for age by ANCOVA. Wall shear rate was significantly lower in DM group than in control subjects: peak (systolic) values of wall shear rate were 410+/-130 s(-1) vs. 487+/-111 s(-1) (p<0.005). DM subjects had significantly lower WSR, because of both thinner lumen and slower blood flow velocities. Lower WSR was accompanied by higher IMT (0.73+/-0.12 mm vs. 0.64+/-0.11 mm, p<0.001). Treated subjects with compensated type 2 DM with metabolic syndrome still have atherogenic hemodynamic profile. These findings might help to understand faster progression of atherosclerosis in diabetic subjects with metabolic syndrome despite up-to-date medication.  相似文献   

14.
The cardiac cycle imposes a mechanical stress that dilates elastic carotid arteries, while shear stress largely contributes to the endothelium-dependent dilation of downstream cerebral arteries. In the presence of dyslipidemia, carotid arteries stiffen while the endothelial function declines. We reasoned that stiffening of carotid arteries would be prevented by reducing resting heart rate (HR), while improving the endothelial function would regulate cerebral artery compliance and function. Thus we treated or not 3-mo-old male atherosclerotic mice (ATX; LDLr(-/-):hApoB(+/+)) for 3 mo with the sinoatrial pacemaker current inhibitor ivabradine (IVA), the β-blocker metoprolol (METO), or subjected mice to voluntary physical training (PT). Arterial (carotid and cerebral artery) compliance and endothelium-dependent flow-mediated cerebral dilation were measured in isolated pressurized arteries. IVA and METO similarly reduced (P < 0.05) 24-h HR by ≈15%, while PT had no impact. As expected, carotid artery stiffness increased (P < 0.05) in ATX mice compared with wild-type mice, while cerebral artery stiffness decreased (P < 0.05); this paradoxical increase in cerebrovascular compliance was associated with endothelial dysfunction and an augmented metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity (P < 0.05), without changing the lipid composition of the wall. Reducing HR (IVA and METO) limited carotid artery stiffening, but plaque progression was prevented by IVA only. In contrast, IVA maintained and PT improved cerebral endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent flow-mediated dilation and wall compliance, and both interventions reduced MMP-9 activity (P < 0.05); METO worsened endothelial dysfunction and compliance and did not reduce MMP-9 activity. In conclusion, HR-dependent mechanical stress contributes to carotid artery wall stiffening in severely dyslipidemic mice while cerebrovascular compliance is mostly regulated by the endothelium.  相似文献   

15.
Atherosclerotic disease, and the subsequent complications of thrombosis and plaque rupture, has been associated with local shear stress. In the diseased carotid artery, local variations in shear stress are induced by various geometrical features of the stenotic plaque. Greater stenosis severity, plaque eccentricity (symmetry) and plaque ulceration have been associated with increased risk of cerebrovascular events based on clinical trial studies. Using particle image velocimetry, the levels and patterns of shear stress (derived from both laminar and turbulent phases) were studied for a family of eight matched-geometry models incorporating independently varied plaque features – i.e. stenosis severity up to 70%, one of two forms of plaque eccentricity, and the presence of plaque ulceration). The level of laminar (ensemble-averaged) shear stress increased with increasing stenosis severity resulting in 2–16 Pa for free shear stress (FSS) and approximately double (4–36 Pa) for wall shear stress (WSS). Independent of stenosis severity, marked differences were found in the distribution and extent of shear stress between the concentric and eccentric plaque formations. The maximum WSS, found at the apex of the stenosis, decayed significantly steeper along the outer wall of an eccentric model compared to the concentric counterpart, with a 70% eccentric stenosis having 249% steeper decay coinciding with the large outer-wall recirculation zone. The presence of ulceration (in a 50% eccentric plaque) resulted in both elevated FSS and WSS levels that were sustained longer (∼20 ms) through the systolic phase compared to the non-ulcerated counterpart model, among other notable differences. Reynolds (turbulent) shear stress, elevated around the point of distal jet detachment, became prominent during the systolic deceleration phase and was widely distributed over the large recirculation zone in the eccentric stenoses.  相似文献   

16.
Numerical analysis of flow phenomena and wall shear stresses in the human carotid artery bifurcation has been carried out using a three-dimensional geometrical model. The primary aim of this study is the detailed discussion of non-Newtonian flow velocity and wall shear stress during the pulse cycle. A comparison of non-Newtonian and Newtonian results is also presented. The applied non-Newtonian behavior of blood is based on measured dynamic viscosity. In the foreground of discussion are the flow characteristics in the carotid sinus. The investigation shows complex flow patterns especially in the carotid sinus where flow separation occurs at the outer wall throughout the systolic deceleration phase. The changing sign of the velocity near the outer sinus wall results in oscillating shear stress during the pulse cycle. At the outer wall of the sinus at maximum diameter level the shear stress ranges from -1.92 N/m2 to 1.22 N/m2 with a time-averaged value of 0.04 N/m2. At the inner wall of the sinus at maximum diameter level the shear stress range is from 1.16 N/m2 to 4.18 N/m2 with a mean of 1.97 N/m2. The comparison of non-Newtonian and Newtonian results indicates unchanged flow phenomena and rather minor differences in the basic flow characteristics.  相似文献   

17.
Hemodynamics at the human carotid bifurcation is important to the understanding of atherosclerotic plaque initiation and progression as well as to the diagnosis of clinically important disease. Laser Doppler anemometry was performed in a large scale model of an average human carotid. Pulsatile waveforms and physiologic flow divisions were incorporated. Disturbance levels and shear stresses were computed from ensemble averages of the velocity waveform measurements. Flow in the common carotid was laminar and symmetric. Flow patterns in the sinus, however, were complex and varied considerably during the cycle. Strong helical patterns and outer wall flow separation waxed and waned during each systole. The changing flow patterns resulted in an oscillatory shear stress at the outer wall ranging from -13 to 9 dyn cm-2 during systole with a time-averaged mean of only -0.5 dyn cm-2. This contrasts markedly with an inner wall shear stress range of 17-50, (mean 26) dyn cm-2. The region of transient separation was confined to the carotid sinus outer wall with no reverse velocities detected in the distal internal carotid. Notable disturbance velocities were also time-dependent, occurring only during the deceleration phase of systole and the beginning of diastole. The present pulsatile flow studies have aided in identifying hemodynamic conditions which correlate with early intimal thickening and predict the physiologic level of flow disturbances in the bulb of undiseased internal carotid arteries.  相似文献   

18.
Fluid shear stress and mechanical wall stress may play a role in the formation of early atherosclerotic lesions, but these quantities are difficult to measure in vivo. Our objective was to quantify these parameters in normal subjects in a clinical setting, and to define regions of low wall shear stress and high mechanical stress. The right carotid bifurcations of five healthy male volunteers were investigated using a novel non-invasive technique which integrates magnetic resonance angiography, ultrasonography, tonometry and state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics and solid mechanics models. Significant inter-subject variations in patterns as well as magnitude of wall shear stress and mechanical stress were found. In spite of individual variabilities, this study revealed that some regions of the artery wall are exposed simultaneously to low wall shear stress and high mechanical stress and that these regions correspond to areas where atherosclerotic plaque develops. The coexistence of regions of low wall shear stress and high tensile stress may be an important determinant of the formation of atheroma in human arteries.  相似文献   

19.
The pulsatile flow in an anatomically realistic compliant human carotid bifurcation was simulated numerically. Pressure and mass flow waveforms in the carotid arteries were obtained from an individual subject using non-invasive techniques. The geometry of the computational model was reconstructed from magnetic resonance angiograms. Maps of time-average wall shear stress, contours of velocity in the flow field as well as wall movement and tensile stress on the arterial wall are all presented. Inconsistent with previous findings from idealised geometry models, flow in the carotid sinus is dominated by a strong helical flow accompanied by a single secondary vortex motion. This type of flow is induced primarily by the asymmetry and curvature of the in vivo geometry. Flow simulations have been carried out under the rigid wall assumption and for the compliant wall, respectively. Comparison of the results demonstrates the quantitative influence of the vessel wall motion. Generally there is a reduction in the magnitude of wall shear stress, with its degree depending on location and phase of the cardiac cycle. The region of slow or reversed flow was greater, in both spatial and temporal terms in the compliant model, but the global characteristics of the flow and stress patterns remain unchanged. The analysis of mechanical stresses on the vessel surface shows a complicated stress field. Stress concentration occurs at both the anterior and posterior aspects of the proximal internal bulb. These are also regions of low wall shear stress. The comparison of computed and measured wall movement generally shows good agreement.  相似文献   

20.
Wall shear stress distribution in the carotid siphon, which is a multiple curved segment of the internal carotid artery, is investigated numerically under physiological flow conditions. The computer simulation of flow through the model segment is based on the time-dependent, three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, solved numerically with a finite element method. The study shows the behavior of the wall shear stress-vector field and identifies the zones of high and low wall shear stress values during the cardiac cycle.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号