浙江省鸟类新记录——斑胸滨鹬

2020年10月25日,在浙江省玉环市玉环漩门湾湿地三期围垦区内发现1只活动于沼泽的褐色滨鹬,地理坐标121°16′52.35″E,28°9′14.17″N.经核对《中国鸟类野外手册》(约翰· 马敬能等,2000)和《中国海洋与湿地鸟类》(马志军等,2018),确认是斑胸滨鹬Calidris melanotos(图1)...     

湖北武汉发现长嘴半蹼鹬

正2014年4月7至25日,在湖北省武汉市江夏区汤逊湖千亩塘(30°26'48″N,114°24'27″E)观测到长嘴半蹼鹬(Limnodromus scolopaceus)1只,隶属于鸻形目鹬科半蹼鹬属。该鹬被发现于一大型荷塘内,同域分布有扇尾沙锥(Gallinago gallinago)、林鹬(Tringa glareola)、鹤鹬(T.erythropus)、泽鹬(T.stagnatilis)等鹬科鸟种。借助蔡司60倍单筒望远镜观察,并拍摄下图片及视频后发现,该鹬中等体型,与扇尾沙锥近似,但比鹤鹬小。具长而粗的嘴,全嘴色深。白色眉纹明显。上体体羽深褐色,具浅色羽缘。尾上覆羽具横斑。下体色浅,胸     

山东省滨州市发现极危鸟类——勺嘴鹬

正2017年5月18日中午12时,在山东省滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地国家级自然保护区大口河监管站外围滨海湿地(117°52'5″E,38°15'52″N)观测到勺嘴鹬Calidris pygmaea1只。勺嘴鹬隶属于鸻形目Charadriiformes鹬科Scolopacidae滨鹬属Calidris(GibsonAllan,2012;郑光美,2017),被列为世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)红色名录极危(CR)物种(BirdL ife International,2018; IUCN,2018)。该鸟种发现之处为保护区内退潮后的淤泥质滩涂,贝类等底栖生物资源丰     

陕西省鸟类新纪录——红颈瓣蹼鹬和尖尾滨鹬

正2012—2015年在对陕西省蒲城卤阳湖国家湿地公园(109°23'24″~109°35'09″E,34°47'41″~34°50'07″N)进行鸟类调查期间陆续发现了一些陕西省新分布鸟类,其中有2种于2014年8月23日和2015年8月11日拍摄到了清晰的照片,根据其外部形态特征,经查阅《中国鸟类野外手册》(马敬能等,2000)和《中国鸟类志》(赵正阶,2001),分别确定为红颈瓣蹼鹬Phalaropus lobatus和尖尾滨鹬Calidris acuminata。据《中国鸟类分类与分布名录(第二版)》(郑光美,2011)以及相关文献,并检索中国     

陕西省安康汉江发现黑腹滨鹬、角䴙䴘和斑脸海番鸭

正2016年11和12月在汉江安康段进行水鸟调查时,记录到黑腹滨鹬(Calidris alpine)、角??(Podiceps auritus)和斑脸海番鸭(Melanitta fusca),均为陕西省鸟类新纪录。2016年11月24日在安康市汉滨区汉江四桥以西的沙滩处(32°42′37″N,109°02′05″E)发现一只滨鹬(图1)。拍照后用单筒望远镜(Zeiss 85T*FL 20-60X)观察,其主要特征为:嘴长而略弯,黑色,眉纹白色,颈侧和胸     

云南开远发现小杓鹬

正2012年9月8日,在云南省红河州开远市三角海水库(23°35'27.61″N,103°18'16.09″E,海拔1 300 m)进行鸟类调查时,于湖边退水草地中发现1只小杓鹬(Numenius minutus)在约50只灰头麦鸡(Vanellus cinereus)和近60只牛背鹭(Bubulcus ibis)组成的混合群中一起觅食。作者对小杓鹬     

陕西省鸟类新纪录——小滨鹬

正2017年10月3日,笔者在陕西省定边县苟池(107°30'48″E,34°15'46″N)观察到8只小滨鹬Calidris minuta。经查阅《中国鸟类野外手册》(约翰·马敬能等,2000)、《中国鸟类志》(赵正阶,2001)、《中国鸟类分类与分布名录(第三版)》(郑光美,2017)等相关学术著作及网络数据库,确认其为陕西省鸟类新纪录。小滨鹬属鸻形目Charadriiformes鹬科Scolopacidae。观察时,其在苟池(咸水)的水边觅食,进食时快速跑动,用嘴快速啄食     

新疆鸟类新纪录——尖尾滨鹬、长趾滨鹬

2009年8月25～29日,笔者在新疆奎屯市北部泉沟污水池(44°29′N, 84°55′E,海拔390 m)连续拍摄到2只尖尾滨鹬Calidris acuminata和1只长趾滨鹬Calidris subminuta.经过仔细观察和鉴定,均为新疆鸟类新纪录种.在新疆的五彩湾(吉木萨尔)、克拉玛依、英吉沙等地也有过长趾滨鹬记录.     

东北地区鸟类新纪录——长嘴半蹼鹬

<正>笔者于2012年5月5日11∶48,在黑龙江省大庆市龙凤湿地自然保护区(51°23'28.2″N,122°03'32.9″E)拍摄到1只长嘴半蹼鹬Limnodromus scolopaceus,经查阅《黑龙江省鸟类志》《东北鸟类》《东北鸟类图鉴》《中国鸟类区系纲要》《吉林省野生动物图鉴(鸟类)》《辽宁省动物志(鸟类)》《中国鸟类分布与分布名录(第2版)》等文献资料后认定,长嘴半蹼鹬为东北地区的鸟类新纪录。拍摄时该鸟正在觅食。该鸟体长约30 cm。嘴长而直,约9 cm,黑色,嘴基部较前端颜色略淡一些。具白色眼圈、黑棕色贯眼纹。背部呈黑、褐色     

云南蒙自长桥海发现秃鹳和翻石鹬

正2013年9月4日,云南省红河州蒙自市长桥海(23°25'42″N,103°23'20″E,海拔1 282 m)发现秃鹳(Leptoptilos javanicus)1只和翻石鹬(Arenaria interpres)4只。其中后者经查阅《中国鸟类分类与分布名录》、《云南鸟类志(上卷)》、《中国鸟类野外手册》等资料,确定为云南鸟类新纪录。秃鹳为体型硕大(体长110 cm)的鸟,比同域分布的钳嘴鹳(Anastomus oscitans)、苍鹭(Ardea     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.